python 操作 excel

#! /usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8

'''
FuncName: JzOperateExcel.py
Desc: operate excel
Date: 2016-10-12 14:30
Author: johnny
Home: http://blog.csdn.net/z_johnny '''
import xlwt
import xlrd
import os
from xlutils.copy import copy

class JzWriteExcel(object):
"""
操作excel表格
写入excel：1.无文件则自动创建文件，创建新文件和新工作表
2.存在文件且存在指定工作表，直接操作该工作表
3.存在文件且不存在指定工作表，新建指定工作表并写入该表，不影响已存在工作表数据

已存在bug：新创建的xls文件，该文件中新创建的第一个工作表，写入数据后，0行0列不能写入数据，再次写入则0-0数据写入成功
"""
def __init__(self, fileName, sheetName):
self.fileName = fileName
self.sheetName = sheetName
self.style = self.sheetStyle()

def sheetStyle(self):
"""
添加样式： http://nullege.com/codes/search/xlwt.Style https://xlwt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/
:return: 各种配置参数
"""
#style = xlwt.easyxf('font: color-index red, bold on')
font = xlwt.Font() # Create the Font
# 字体
font.name = 'Times New Roman'
# 粗体
#font.bold = True
# 下划线
#font.underline = True
# 斜体
#font.italic = True

pattern = xlwt.Pattern() # Create the Pattern
pattern.pattern = xlwt.Pattern.SOLID_PATTERN # May be: NO_PATTERN 关模式, SOLID_PATTERN 开模式, or 0x00 through 0x12
pattern.pattern_fore_colour = 2 # May be: 8 through 63. 0 = Black, 1 = White, 2 = Red, 3 = Green, 4 = Blue, 5 = Yellow, 6 = Magenta, 7 = Cyan, 16 = Maroon, 17 = Dark Green, 18 = Dark Blue, 19 = Dark Yellow , almost brown), 20 = Dark Magenta, 21 = Teal, 22 = Light Gray, 23 = Dark Gray, the list goes on...

style = xlwt.XFStyle() # Create the Style 初始化样式
style.font = font # Apply the Font to the Style 为样式设置字体
style.pattern = pattern # Add Pattern to Style

return style

def sheetValue(self,row,col,value,style=False):
"""
:param sheetName: 表名, fileName: 文件名, row:行, col：列, value:值, style:格式
:return: 对文件的指定表进行写数据操作，支持重复写
"""
# xls文件不存在则新创建文件和新创建工作表
if os.path.exists(self.fileName) == False:
writeExcel = xlwt.Workbook()
# 注意：如果对同一个单元格重复操作，会引发overwrite Exception，想要取消该功能，需要在添加工作表时指定为可覆盖，所以在打开时加cell_overwrite_ok=True解决
writeExcel.add_sheet(self.sheetName, cell_overwrite_ok=True)
# 这里只能保存扩展名为xls的，xlsx的格式不支持
writeExcel.save(self.fileName)
else:
# open existed xls file 需要 newWb = copy('fileName')
# 注意添加参数formatting_info=True，得以保存之前数据的格式
readExcel_old = xlrd.open_workbook(self.fileName, formatting_info=True)
# 判断sheetName的索引，将数据写入该表
sheetNames = readExcel_old.sheet_names()
readExcel_new = copy(readExcel_old)
# 判断是否存在sheetName，不存在则新建该工作表，不影响其他表数据
if self.sheetName not in sheetNames:
readExcel_new.add_sheet(self.sheetName)
readExcel_new.save(self.fileName)
readExcel_new = xlrd.open_workbook(self.fileName, formatting_info=True)
sheetNames = readExcel_new.sheet_names()
readExcel_new = copy(readExcel_new)
else:
pass
sheetNameIndex = sheetNames.index(self.sheetName)
writeExcel= readExcel_new.get_sheet(sheetNameIndex)

if style:
writeExcel.write(row, col, value, self.style)
else:
writeExcel.write(row, col, value)
# 这里只能保存扩展名为xls的，xlsx的格式不支持
readExcel_new.save(self.fileName)

class JzReadExcel(object):
def __init__(self, fileName, sheetName):
self.fileName = fileName
self.sheetName = sheetName
self.sheets = xlrd.open_workbook(fileName, formatting_info=True)
self.tables = self.sheets.sheet_by_name(self.sheetName)
self.handele = dict([(sheetName,self.sheets.sheet_by_name(sheetName))
for sheetName in self.sheets.sheet_names()])

# 获取整行的值
def sheetRowValue(self, row = 0):
if self.sheetName not in self.handele: return None
return self.tables.row_values(row)

# 获取整列的值
def sheetColValue(self, col = 0):
if self.sheetName not in self.handele: return None
return self.tables.row_values(col)

# 获取所有表的名称
def sheetNames(self):
return self.sheets.sheet_names()

# 获取单元格的值
def sheetCellValue(self, row, col):
if self.sheetName not in self.handele: return None
return self.tables.cell(row,col).value

# 获取工作表的行数
def sheetRowNum(self):
if self.sheetName not in self.handele: return None
return self.tables.nrows

# 获取工作表的列数
def sheetColNum(self):
if self.sheetName not in self.handele: return None
return  self.tables.ncols

if __name__ == "__main__":
fileName = "johnny.xls"
sheetName = "Sheet1"

OpWrite = JzWriteExcel(fileName,sheetName)
style = True
#print "Write new values ok!"
#print "row    col    value"
for row in range(10):
col = row
value = "johnny1"
OpWrite.sheetValue(row, col, value, style)
#print "%2s %6s %12s"%(row,col,value)

OpRead = JzReadExcel(fileName, sheetName)
for i in range(OpRead.sheetRowNum()):
print OpRead.sheetRowValue(i)

print OpRead.sheetRowValue(1)
print OpRead.sheetColValue(2)
print OpRead.sheetNames()
print OpRead.sheetCellValue(2,2)
print OpRead.sheetRowNum()
print OpRead.sheetColNum()