Z-Stack Developer's Guide - Zigbee & Addressing

Zigbee Foundamental

Device Type

Coordinator

first device in network

scan RF env, choose a channel and a network identifier (PAN ID), then start network

also optionally to be used to assist in setting up security and application-level bindings

once start-up accomplished, Coordinator behaves like a Router node(or even go away)

Router

allow other devices to join the network

multi-hop routing

assisting in communication for its childs

general expected to be active all the time, have to be mains-powered

End-device

can sleep and wake up as chooses, battery-powered node

memory(RAM) requirements are lower

in Z-Stack, device type is usually determined at compile-time with compile options (ZDO-COORDINATOR and RTR_NWK)

Stack Profile

set of stack parameters that need to be configured to specific value. comprise the stack profile defiend by ZigBee Alliance

All devices in a network must conform to the same stack profile

3 types

ZigBee

defined by ZigBee Alliance

ZigBee Pro

defined by ZigBee Alliance

network-specific profile

self defiend, closed network

ZigBee and ZigBee Pro profile device can not interoperate.

ID: 0 for network specified profile; 1 for ZigBee; 2 for ZigBee Pro.

configured by STACK_PROFILE_ID in nwk_globals.h

Normally, a device of 1 profile (ex. ZigBee PRO) joins a network with the same profile. If a router of 1 profile (ex. ZigBee PRO) joins a network with a different profile (ex. ZigBee-2007), it will join as a non-sleeping end device. An end device of 1 profile (ex. ZigBee PRO) will always be an end device in a network with a different profile. (这一段不是太看得懂)

Addressing

2 types:

64 bits IEEE(MAC address or Extended Address)

16 bits network address(logical address or short address)

used on local network

Tree Addressing

uses a distributed addressing scheme: make sure unique; only has to communicate with its parent

defines: ZIgBee-2007 its(5, 20, 6)

MAX_DEPTH: max depth of network. coordinator=0,

MAX_CHILDREN;

MAX_ROUTERS: a subset of MAX_CHILDREN,

(MAX_CHILDREN-MAX_ROUTERS)= end devices

change tree addressing

ensure new value legal

ensure to use network-specific profile (change STACK_PROFILE_ID in nwk_globals.c to NETWORK_SPECIFIC), set MAX_DEPTH in nwk_global.s

set array’s CskipChldrn and CskipRtrs in nwk_globals.c

Stochastic(Random) Addressing – ZigBee PRO

random set a value, uses rest devices to unsure no duplicate

joins process

receives randomly addr from parent

the new network node generates “Device Announce” (contains short and extended addr) to others

if short addr confilct, a node(router) send out a broadcast “Network-Status - Address Conflict” to entire network

conflicted device change its short addr, then send its own “Device Announce” to check again

End device not participate “address conflict”, its parents do it for them

parent issue “Rejoin Response” to end device to change end devices short addr.

end device issues “Device Announce” to check new addr

“Device Announce” recieved, association and binding tables updates, routing table info not updated(new router must be established).

Addressing in Z-stack

AF_DataRequest() to send data to device. dest device is a type afAddrType_t(in zComDef.h)

defines in Z-Stack Developer’s Guide Sec 3.3 P10

send type

unicast: use Addr16Bit, dest addr is in packet

Indirect: use AddrNotPresent, dest addr is not specified. dest addr is looked up from “binding table”(in stack of sending device): its called Souce binding

when binding table looking up, it treated as a unicast packet.

Broadcast: use AddrBroadcast, dest addr sets as:

NWK_BROADCAST_SHORTADDR_DEVALL (0xFFFF) – to all devices(including sleeping one)

sleeping one, hold in its parents until wake up or time out(NWK_INDIRECT_MSG_TIMEOUT in f8wConfig.cfg)

NWK_BROADCAST_SHORTADDR_DEVRXON (0xFFFD) all devices when idle (RXONWHENIDLE). all devices except sleeping devices

NWK_BROADCAST_SHORTADDR_DEVZCZR (0xFFFC). to all routers(includes coordinator)

Group Addressing

send packet to a group of device: addr mode is afAddrGroup, addr.shortAddr=group identifier

group defination: aps_AddGroup() in the Z-Stack API doc

group used in conjunction with indirect addressing. dest in binding table can be unicast/group addr.

Addressing functions

NLME_GetShortAddr()

NLME_GetExtAddr()

NLME_GetCoordShortAddr() : get its parents addr

NLME_GetCoordExtAddr()