How to install OpenCV 3.x in Linux

Installation in Linux

依赖包安装

GCC 4.4.x or later
CMake 2.8.7 or higher
Git
GTK+2.x or higher, including headers (libgtk2.0-dev)
pkg-config
Python 2.6 or later and Numpy 1.5 or later with developer packages (python-dev, python-numpy)
ffmpeg or libav development packages: libavcodec-dev, libavformat-dev, libswscale-dev
[optional] libtbb2 libtbb-dev
[optional] libdc1394 2.x
[optional] libjpeg-dev, libpng-dev, libtiff-dev, libjasper-dev, libdc1394-22-dev

以上包可以使用终端，按照下面的命令安装；或者使用Synaptic Manager安装:

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
 

方式１

OpenCV源代码下载

可以使用 sourceforge 上最新稳定版的OpenCV，或者 从
Git repository上下载.

下载最近稳定版OpenCV下载

Go to our page
on Sourceforge;
Download the source tarball and unpack it.

 Git分支下载OpenCV

Launch Git client and clone OpenCV repository　

 If you need modules from OpenCV contrib repository then
clone it too.

In Linux it can be achieved with the following command in Terminal:

cd ~/<my_working _directory>
git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv.git git clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_contrib.git [/code] 

CMake命令行模式编译
Create a temporary directory, which we denote as <cmake_build_dir>, where you want to put the generated Makefiles, project files as well the object files and output binaries and enter there.

For example

1 cd
~/opencv

2 mkdir
build

3 cd
build

Configuring. Run cmake [<some optional parameters>] <path to the OpenCV source directory>

For example

1 cmake
-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

or cmake-gui
set full path to OpenCV source code, e.g. /home/user/opencv
set full path to <cmake_build_dir>, e.g. /home/user/opencv/build
set optional parameters
run: “Configure”
run: “Generate”

Description of some parameters
build type: 
CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release\Debug

to build with modules from opencv_contrib set OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH to <path to opencv_contrib/modules/>
set BUILD_DOCS for building documents
set BUILD_EXAMPLES to build all examples

[optional] Building python. Set the following python parameters:
PYTHON2(3)_EXECUTABLE = <path to python>
PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR = /usr/include/python<version>
PYTHON_INCLUDE_DIR2 = /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/python<version>
PYTHON_LIBRARY = /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpython<version>.so
PYTHON2(3)_NUMPY_INCLUDE_DIRS = /usr/lib/python<version>/dist-packages/numpy/core/include/

[optional] Building java.
Unset parameter: BUILD_SHARED_LIBS
It is useful also to unset BUILD_EXAMPLES, BUILD_TESTS, BUILD_PERF_TESTS - as they all will be statically linked with OpenCV and can take a lot of memory.

Build. From build directory execute make, recomend to do it in several threads

For example

1 make
-j7 # runs 7 jobs in parallel

[optional] Building documents. Enter <cmake_build_dir/doc/> and run make with target "html_docs"

For example

1 cd
~/opencv/build/doc/

2 make
-j7 html_docs

To install libraries, from build directory execute

1 sudo
make install

[optional] Running tests
Get the required test data from OpenCV extra repository.

For example

1 git
clone https://github.com/Itseez/opencv_extra.git 
set OPENCV_TEST_DATA_PATH environment variable to <path to opencv_extra/testdata>.
execute tests from build directory.

For example

1 <cmake_build_dir>/bin/opencv_test_core

Note
If the size of the created library is a critical issue (like in case of an Android build) you can use the install/strip command to get the smallest size as possible. The stripped version
appears to be twice as small. However, we do not recommend using this unless those extra megabytes do really matter.

方式２


 编译工具安装


终端下， root 权限执行以下命令：

apt-get install cmake cmake-gui




 启动cmake-gui


以ＯｐｅｎＣＶ３．１为例子，如上图设置源代码路径（比如：/media/Data1/install_pkg/opencv-3.1.0）和编译结果路径（比如：/media/Data1/install_pkg/build_opencv3.1）。

然后点击“Configure”按钮。选择使用Makefile生成的系统平台。



点击“Finish”，等待（中间可能存在下载依赖包的过程，会比较慢）环境测试完成，进行编译配置设置。



根据需要设置：

１）编译后的安装路径

２）编译的类型，静态库或者动态库形式

３）选择需要安装的包或者模块，是否支持GPU等

点击“generate”生成Makefile。

然后，终端下转到/media/Data1/install_pkg/build_opencv3.1下，执行以下命令：make进行编译；然后，执行make install　进行安装（root目录的话需要root权限）。