华为交换机命令行操作小结
2016-08-31 17:00
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华为交换机命令行操作小结
2016/10/20
2016/10/20
华为交换机命令行操作小结 2016/10/20 一、基础 1、进入 system-view 模式 <Huawei>system-view Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z. [Huawei] 2、更改交换机名称 [Huawei]sysname SW-ACC-CORE-1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1] 3、返回 user-view 模式 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]return <SW-ACC-CORE-1> 4、查看配置 启动配置 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>display saved-configuration 当前配置 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>display current-configuration 5、保存配置 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>save The current configuration will be written to the device. Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]y Info: Please input the file name ( *.cfg, *.zip ) [vrpcfg.zip]: Aug 31 2016 09:50:33-08:00 SW-ACC-CORE-1 %%01CFM/4/SAVE(l)[0]:The user chose Y when deciding whether to save the configuration to the device. Now saving the current configuration to the slot 0. Save the configuration successfully. <SW-ACC-CORE-1> 6、用户和管理 1）配置密码 采用password的方式来验证： authentication-mode password （简单，略过不提，看命令行的帮助即可） 采用aaa的方式来验证： <SW-ACC-CORE-1>sys [SW-ACC-CORE-1]aaa [SW-ACC-CORE-1-aaa]local-user admin password cipher mypass [SW-ACC-CORE-1-aaa]local-user admin privilege level 3 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-aaa]local-user admin service-type telnet terminal http ssh [SW-ACC-CORE-1-aaa]quit 2）配置 console 的密码 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]user-interface console 0 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-ui-con0]authentication-mode aaa [SW-ACC-CORE-1-ui-con0]quit 3）配置 vty 的密码来允许telnet服务 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]user-interface vty 0 4 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa [SW-ACC-CORE-1-ui-vty0-4]quit 测试： <SW-ACC-BIZ-1>telnet 192.168.200.254 Trying 192.168.200.254 ... Press CTRL+K to abort Connected to 192.168.200.254 ... Login authentication Username:admin Password:（输入：mypass） Info: The max number of VTY users is 5, and the number of current VTY users on line is 1. The current login time is 2016-08-31 16:49:07. <SW-ACC-CORE-1> 参考：http://support.huawei.com/enterprise/KnowledgebaseReadAction.action?contentId=KB1000125747&idAbsPath=7919710|21782164|21782167|6691579 【特别注意】 盒式(S2700&S3700&S5700&S6700) （一）、V200R003及之前的版本 缺省情况下 1.telnet server已启用 2.user-interface vty下协议默认支持telnet 所以该版本仅需配置上面的通用配置 （二）、V200R005及之后的版本 缺省情况下 1.telnet server未启用 2.user-interface vty下协议默认支持ssh 所以该版本需按以下方法配置 1.打开telnet服务 telnet server enable 2.用户接口下启用telnet协议 user-interface vty 0 4 protocol inbound telnet 3.添加通用配置 4）启用ssh 参考：http://support.huawei.com/enterprise/KnowledgebaseReadAction.action?contentId=KB1000067691&idAbsPath=7919710%7C9856733%7C7923144%7C6691579 5）启用交换机的web服务 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>dir 找到web文件（以这个为例：s5700si-v200r003c00.001.web.7z），加载： <SW-ACC-CORE-1>system-view <SW-ACC-CORE-1>http server load s5700si-v200r003c00.001.web.7z <SW-ACC-CORE-1>http secure-server enable https://ip/ 注：更改配置后，记得保存。 7、系统管理 1）版本 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>display version Huawei Versatile Routing Platform Software VRP (R) software, Version 5.110 (S5700 V200R001C00) Copyright (c) 2000-2011 HUAWEI TECH CO., LTD Quidway S5700-28C-HI Routing Switch uptime is 0 week, 0 day, 0 hour, 15 minutes 2）时间 <SW-ACC-CORE-1>display clock 2016-08-31 16:56:31-08:00 Wednesday Time Zone(China-Standard-Time) : UTC-08:00 二、VLAN 1、创建vlan 1）批量创建指定id的vlan [SW-ACC-CORE-1]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 2）批量创建指定id范围的vlan [SW-ACC-CORE-1]vlan batch 100 to 109 2、设置业务口的模式并加入vlan [SW-ACC-CORE-1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 40 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit 如果想调整 link-type 为 trunk，怎么办？ [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk Error: Please renew the default configurations. 此时应该这样操作： 因为端口已经加入了vlan，需要先undo： [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]undo port default vlan [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk 运行多个vlan通过这个trunk链接： [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 30 3、显示vlan [SW-ACC-CORE-1-vlan20]display vlan The total number of vlans is : 15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- U: Up; D: Down; TG: Tagged; UT: Untagged; MP: Vlan-mapping; ST: Vlan-stacking; #: ProtocolTransparent-vlan; *: Management-vlan; -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- VID Type Ports -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 common UT:GE0/0/1(U) GE0/0/2(U) GE0/0/3(D) GE0/0/4(D) GE0/0/5(D) GE0/0/6(D) GE0/0/7(D) GE0/0/8(D) GE0/0/9(D) GE0/0/10(D) GE0/0/11(D) GE0/0/12(D) GE0/0/13(D) GE0/0/14(D) GE0/0/15(D) GE0/0/16(D) GE0/0/17(D) GE0/0/18(D) GE0/0/19(D) GE0/0/20(D) GE0/0/21(D) GE0/0/22(D) GE0/0/23(D) GE0/0/24(D) 10 common 20 common TG:GE0/0/1(U) 30 common TG:GE0/0/1(U) 40 common 100 common 101 common 102 common 103 common 104 common 105 common 106 common 107 common 108 common 109 common VID Status Property MAC-LRN Statistics Description -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 enable default enable disable VLAN 0001 10 enable default enable disable VLAN 0010 20 enable default enable disable VLAN 0020 30 enable default enable disable VLAN 0030 40 enable default enable disable VLAN 0040 100 enable default enable disable VLAN 0100 101 enable default enable disable VLAN 0101 102 enable default enable disable VLAN 0102 103 enable default enable disable VLAN 0103 104 enable default enable disable VLAN 0104 105 enable default enable disable VLAN 0105 106 enable default enable disable VLAN 0106 107 enable default enable disable VLAN 0107 108 enable default enable disable VLAN 0108 109 enable default enable disable VLAN 0109 4、给指定vlan配置虚接口 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]interface Vlanif 20 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif20]ip address 172.30.0.1 255.255.192.0 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif20]quit [SW-ACC-CORE-1]interface Vlanif 30 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif30]ip address 172.30.64.1 255.255.192.0 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif30]quit 同样的，可以给交换机配置管理IP（即vlan1）： [SW-ACC-CORE-1]interface Vlanif 1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif1]ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 还可以查看那当前的配置信息： [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif1]display this Interface Vlanif 1 ip address 10.0.0.1 255.0.0.0 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif1]quit 5、批量配置 使用端口组来批量配置 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]port-group 1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-port-group-1]group-member GigabitEthernet0/0/2 to GigabitEthernet0/0/24 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-port-group-1]port link-type access [SW-ACC-CORE-1-port-group-1]port default vlan 20 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-port-group-1]quit 6、显示vlan接口信息 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display ip interface Vlanif 20 Vlanif20 current state : UP Line protocol current state : UP The Maximum Transmit Unit : 1500 bytes input packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0 output packets : 0, bytes : 0, multicasts : 0 Directed-broadcast packets: received packets: 0, sent packets: 0 forwarded packets: 0, dropped packets: 0 Internet Address is 172.30.0.1/18 Broadcast address : 172.30.63.255 TTL being 1 packet number: 0 TTL invalid packet number: 0 ICMP packet input number: 0 Echo reply: 0 Unreachable: 0 Source quench: 0 Routing redirect: 0 Echo request: 0 Router advert: 0 Router solicit: 0 Time exceed: 0 IP header bad: 0 Timestamp request: 0 Timestamp reply: 0 Information request: 0 Information reply: 0 Netmask request: 0 Netmask reply: 0 Unknown type: 0 7、删除某个vlan 清理接口上使用的vlan： [SW-ACC-CORE-1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo port trunk allow-pass vlan 20 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]undo port link-type [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif20]quit 清理vlanif的信息： [SW-ACC-CORE-1]int Vlanif 20 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif20]undo ip address [SW-ACC-CORE-1-Vlanif20]quit [SW-ACC-CORE-1]undo interface Vlanif 20 清理vlan信息： [SW-ACC-CORE-1]undo vlan batch 20 8、关于 Access,Hybrid,Trunk 三种模式的理解 请参考： http://support.huawei.com/ecommunity/bbs/10250727.html 四、网络 1、显示IP信息 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display ip interface brief *down: administratively down ^down: standby (l): loopback (s): spoofing The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 1 The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4 The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 1 Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol MEth0/0/1 unassigned down down NULL0 unassigned up up(s) Vlanif1 10.0.0.1/8 up up Vlanif20 172.30.0.1/18 up up Vlanif30 172.30.64.1/18 up up 2、显示路由信息 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display ip routing-table Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 8 Routes : 8 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface 10.0.0.0/16 Direct 0 0 D 10.0.0.1 Vlanif1 10.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif1 127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 172.30.0.0/18 Direct 0 0 D 172.30.0.1 Vlanif20 172.30.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif20 172.30.64.0/18 Direct 0 0 D 172.30.64.1 Vlanif30 172.30.64.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Vlanif30 3、ACL [SW-ACC-CORE-1]acl ? INTEGER<2000-2999> Basic access-list(add to current using rules) INTEGER<3000-3999> Advanced access-list(add to current using rules) INTEGER<4000-4999> Specify a L2 acl group INTEGER<5000-5999> User defined access-list ipv6 ACL IPv6 name Specify a named ACL number Specify a numbered ACL 1）创建 【流规则】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]acl 3001 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]rule deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.0.0 0.0.63.255 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]quit 【流分类】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]traffic classifier tc1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-classifier-tc1]if-match acl 3001 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-classifier-tc1]quit 【流行为】默认是permit [SW-ACC-CORE-1]traffic behavior tb1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-behavior-tb1]deny [SW-ACC-CORE-1-behavior-tb1]quit 【流策略】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]traffic policy tp1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-trafficpolicy-tp1]classifier tc1 behavior tb1 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-trafficpolicy-tp1]quit 【在指定接口应用策略】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]traffic-policy tp1 inbound [SW-ACC-CORE-1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit 【测试符合预期】 PC>ping 172.30.0.111 Ping 172.30.0.111: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! PC>ping 172.30.64.222 Ping 172.30.64.222: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! From 172.30.64.222: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=78 ms From 172.30.64.222: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=74 ms 2）查看ACL现状 【acl】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display acl 3001 Advanced ACL 3001, 1 rule Acl's step is 5 rule 5 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.0.0 0.0.63.255 【classifier】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display traffic classifier user-defined User Defined Classifier Information: Classifier: tc1 Operator: AND Rule(s) : if-match acl 3001 Total classifier number is 1 【behaviour】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display traffic behavior user-defined User Defined Behavior Information: Behavior: tb1 Deny Total behavior number is 1 【policy】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display traffic policy user-defined User Defined Traffic Policy Information: Policy: tp1 Classifier: tc1 Operator: AND Behavior: tb1 Deny Total policy number is 1 【applied-record】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]display traffic-policy applied-record # ------------------------------------------------- Policy Name: tp1 Policy Index: 1 Classifier:tc1 Behavior:tb1 ------------------------------------------------- *interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 traffic-policy tp1 inbound slot 0 : success ------------------------------------------------- Policy total applied times: 1. # 3）管理acl 【增加1条规则】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1]acl 3001 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]rule deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.64.0 0.0.63.255 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]display acl 3001 Advanced ACL 3001, 2 rules Acl's step is 5 rule 5 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.0.0 0.0.63.255 rule 10 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.64.0 0.0.63.255 【测试符合预期】 PC>ping 172.30.0.111 Ping 172.30.0.111: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! PC>ping 172.30.64.222 Ping 172.30.64.222: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! 【删除1条规则】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]undo rule 5 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]display acl 3001 Advanced ACL 3001, 1 rule Acl's step is 5 rule 10 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.64.0 0.0.63.255 【测试符合预期】 PC>ping 172.30.0.111 Ping 172.30.0.111: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! From 172.30.0.111: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=62 ms From 172.30.0.111: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=127 time=64 ms PC>ping 172.30.64.222 Ping 172.30.64.222: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break Request timeout! Request timeout! Request timeout! 【再增加1条规则】 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]rule deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.0.0 0.0.63.255 [SW-ACC-CORE-1-acl-adv-3001]display acl 3001 Advanced ACL 3001, 2 rules Acl's step is 5 rule 10 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.64.0 0.0.63.255 rule 15 deny ip source 10.50.200.0 0.0.0.255 destination 172.30.0.0 0.0.63.255 注：rule id 递增的step为5，由于之前删除了id=5的rule，再新增则变成了15，如果先清空了这里规则，则还是从id=5开始递增。
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