如何创建一个自己的【Composer/Packagist】包

首先让我们踏着欢快的脚步去Github创建一个新库，这里取名 composer-car，又欢快的将它克隆到本地：

$ git clone git@github.com:victorruan/composer-car.git

$ cd composer-car

这个composer-car文件夹就是你的包的根目录了，你只需要记住composer.json在包的哪个目录下面，一般那就是包的根目录了。

现在我们还没有composer.json文件，你可以根据composer文档生成并编辑它，当然composer贴心的为我们准备了命令行，look：

$ composer init

Welcome to the Composer config generator

This command will guide you through creating your composer.json config.

Package name (<vendor>/<name>) [root/composer-car]: victorruan/composer-car
Description []: This a demo for build composer packagist .
Author [阮佳佳 <250069802@qq.com>, n to skip]:
Minimum Stability []: dev
Package Type (e.g. library, project, metapackage, composer-plugin) []: library
License []: MIT

Define your dependencies.

Would you like to define your dependencies (require) interactively [yes]? no
Would you like to define your dev dependencies (require-dev) interactively [yes]? no

{
"name": "victorruan/composer-car",
"description": "This a demo for build composer packagist .",
"type": "library",
"license": "MIT",
"authors": [
{
"name": "阮佳佳",
"email": "250069802@qq.com"
}
],
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"require": {}
}

Do you confirm generation [yes]? yes
Would you like the vendor directory added to your .gitignore [yes]? yes

虽然经过以上的一番挣扎生成了composer.json文件，不过我们还得往里面加点东西。使用你熟悉的编辑器打开composer.json文件修改至如下：

{
"name": "victorruan/composer-car",
"description": "This a demo for build composer packagist .",
"type": "library",
"license": "MIT",
"authors": [
{
"name": "阮佳佳",
"email": "250069802@qq.com"
}
],
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"require": {
"php": ">=7.0.0"
},
"autoload": {
"psr-4": {
"Ford\\Escape\\": "src/Ford/Escape",
"Ford\\Fusion\\": "src/Ford/Fusion",
"Ford\\Focus\\": "src/Ford/Focus",
"Ford\\Fiesta\\": "src/Ford/Fiesta"
}
}
}

细心的小伙伴可能已经认出了福特的商标(Ford)，这说明我们都是同道中人，你一定也很喜欢汽车，对吧对吧？ :-)

我们登陆一下福特的网站看看都有哪些热销车型，嗯嗯分别有ESCAPE、FUSION、FOCUS、FIESTA，

中文名称分别是翼虎、蒙迪欧、福克斯、嘉年华，嘉年华ST我的梦想啊～～～

好了好了，那位看官放下你手里的板砖，我承认一说到汽车就会滔滔不绝，下面我们把水分挤出去继续讲解。

根据上面的命名空间和目录的映射关系，包的结构现在应该是下面这个样子：

composer-car
- src
- - Ford
- - - Escape
- - - - Escape2016.php
- - - Fiesta
- - - - Fiesta2016.php
- - - Focus
- - - - Focus2016.php
- - - Fusion
- - - - Fusion2016.php
- .gitignore
- composer.json
- README.md

<?php

namespace Ford\Escape;

class Escape2016
{
public static function info()
{
echo "This is Ford Escape2016!<br />";
}
}

<?php
namespace Ford\Fiesta;

class Fiesta2016
{
public function info()
{
echo "This is Ford Fiesta2016!<br>";
}
}

<?php

namespace Ford\Focus;
class Focus2016
{
public function info()
{
echo "This is Ford Focus2016!<br>";
}
}

<?php
namespace Ford\Fusion;
class Fusion2016
{
public function info()
{
echo 'This is Ford Fusion2016 !<br>';
}
}

以上代码都梳理完毕后，需要安装composer来测试我们的包是否可以正常工作，安装它很简单，在包的根目录下install即可：

闪过几行神秘的提示之后即安装完毕，此时会在vendor/composer/autoload_psr4.php中生成命名空间和目录的映射关系，被包在一个数组中：

<?php

// autoload_psr4.php @generated by Composer

$vendorDir = dirname(dirname(__FILE__));
$baseDir = dirname($vendorDir);

return array(
'Ford\\Fusion\\' => array($baseDir . '/src/Ford/Fusion'),
'Ford\\Focus\\' => array($baseDir . '/src/Ford/Focus'),
'Ford\\Fiesta\\' => array($baseDir . '/src/Ford/Fiesta'),
'Ford\\Escape\\' => array($baseDir . '/src/Ford/Escape'),
);

如果发布成packagist包然后进行安装的话，到时候这里就不是$baseDir了而是$vendorDir。

好，接下来让我们去发布我们的Packagist!

编辑.gitignore文件如下：

/vendor/
composer.lock

提交代码到github

$ git add .;git commit -am"in order to build my packagist";git push;

访问 packagist submit 当然前提是你已经注册并登陆了。



点击check,之后submit.

到这里，你的composer包就提交成功了，如图



最后我们需要使用刚刚上传的composer包

在目录中新建文件夹use-composer-car

$ cd ../ ; mkdir use-composer-car ; cd use-composer-car; composer init;

新建文件 composer.json

{
"minimum-stability": "dev",
"require": {},
"require-dev":{
"victorruan/composer-car":"dev-master"
}
}

终端执行 $ composer install

$ composer install
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies (including require-dev)
- Installing victorruan/composer-car (dev-master c303814)
Cloning c30381476eeb58fefb87db18f32c43e1e14810fc from cache

Writing lock file
Generating autoload files

查看 use-composer-car/vendor/composer/autoload_psr4.php ，发现$baseDir 已经被更改为 $vendorDir 了

<?php

// autoload_psr4.php @generated by Composer

$vendorDir = dirname(dirname(__FILE__));
$baseDir = dirname($vendorDir);

return array(
'Ford\\Fusion\\' => array($vendorDir . '/victorruan/composer-car/src/Ford/Fusion'),
'Ford\\Focus\\' => array($vendorDir . '/victorruan/composer-car/src/Ford/Focus'),
'Ford\\Fiesta\\' => array($vendorDir . '/victorruan/composer-car/src/Ford/Fiesta'),
'Ford\\Escape\\' => array($vendorDir . '/victorruan/composer-car/src/Ford/Escape'),
);

新建 use-composer-car/demo.php

<?php
require './vendor/autoload.php';
use Ford\Fusion\Fusion2016;
$car = new Fusion2016();
$car->info();

执行 php demo.php

$ php demo.php
This is Ford Fusion2016 !<br>%

到这里为止，所有工作都已经大功告成了！！