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JavaScript之充实文档的内容

2016-08-05 15:42 375 查看

1、我们在平时的开发中会碰到一些缩略语如:XML,HTML,API等专业术语；为了能使用户,更好的了解术语的意思,我们通常会给<abbr></abbr>标签加一个title属性来放术语的全称,但是有些浏览器可能不会显示title属性，所以我们通过JS来动态的加载并显示缩略语和他的全称。代码如下：

js代码:

window.onload=displayAbbreviations;
//处理文档中的缩略语,用JS生成一个列表用来显示对应的缩略语的具体含义
//produce a list of Abbreviation by js to deal with the Abbreviation in the document
function displayAbbreviations() {
if (!checkCompatibility()) return;   //检查兼容性
var abbreviations = document.getElementsByTagName("abbr"); //提取所有的缩略词标签
if (abbreviations.length < 1) return false;
var defs = new Array();
for (var i = 0; i < abbreviations.length; i++) {
var key = abbreviations[i].firstChild.nodeValue;//标签的文本值当key
var definition = abbreviations[i].getAttribute("title"); //标签的title属性值当value;
defs[key] = definition;
}
//创建缩略词展示列表
var dllist = document.createElement("dl");
for (key in defs) {
//创建缩略词标题
var dt=document.createElement("dt");
var tit = document.createTextNode(key);
dt.appendChild(tit);
//创建描述
var dd = document.createElement("dd");
var descri = document.createTextNode(defs[key]);
dd.appendChild(descri);
dllist.appendChild(dt);
dllist.appendChild(dd);
}
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].appendChild(dllist);
}
/*
检查浏览器的兼容性,是否支持查用的DOM方法
check the compatibility of the broswer
*/
function checkCompatibility() {
if (!document.getElementById) return false;
if (!document.createElement) return false;
if (!document.createTextNode) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByName) return false;
return true;
}

html:

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script src="js/index.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>What is the Document Object Model?</h1>
<p>The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium(联合)">W3C</abbr> defines the <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr> as:</p>
<blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org/DOM/" title="W3C">
<p>
A platform- and language-neutral(中立语言) interface that will allows paograms and scripts to dynamically access and update the
content,structrue and the style of documents.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>
It is an <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that can be used to navigate(驾驶,操控) <abbr title="HyperText MarkUp Language">HTML</abbr>
and <abbr title="eXtensible MarkUp Language">XML</abbr>
</p>
<h1>Abbreviation(缩略语列表)</h1>
</body>
</html>

效果如图:

我们在写博客和文章的经常引用别人的文章,这个时候我们会说明这段文档的出处，我们在开发时亦是如此:这个时候我们可以给我们引用的段落用一个<blockquote></blockquote>包围,然后在里面加一个cite属性(文章出处的链接地址)标明出处,然后通过JS将地址动态的加载到引用段落的最后位置。代码如下:

js代码:

/*
检查浏览器的兼容性,是否支持查用的DOM方法
check the compatibility of the broswer
*/
function checkCompatibility() {
if (!document.getElementById) return false;
if (!document.createElement) return false;
if (!document.createTextNode) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByName) return false;
return true;
}
//文献来源链接表     在引用的文档的末尾添加引用的具体地址
//The literature source list      function:add  specific adress to end of the  reference document
function getLiteratureSourceList() {
if (!checkCompatibility()) return;   //检查兼容性
if (!document.getElementsByTagName("blockquote")) return false;
var quotes =document.getElementsByTagName("blockquote");
for (var i = 0; i < quotes.length; i++) {
var cite = quotes[i].getAttribute("cite") != "" ? quotes[i].getAttribute("cite") : "javascript:void(0)"; //get reallink
var from = quotes[i].getAttribute("title") == "" ? "" : "from   "+quotes[i].getAttribute("title");  //get the origin of the document
var link = document.createElement("a");
link.setAttribute("href", cite); //set href to a
var txt = document.createTextNode(from);
link.appendChild(txt);
quotes[i].appendChild(link);
}
}
//The literature source list end

html代码如下:

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script src="js/utility.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/index.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>What is the Document Object Model?</h1>
<p>The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium(联合)">W3C</abbr> defines the <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr> as:</p>
<blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org/DOM/" title="W3C">
<p>
A platform- and language-neutral(中立语言) interface that will allows paograms and scripts to dynamically access and update the
content,structrue and the style of documents.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>
It is an <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that can be used to navigate(驾驶,操控) <abbr title="HyperText MarkUp Language">HTML</abbr>
and <abbr title="eXtensible MarkUp Language">XML</abbr>
</p>
<h1>Abbreviation(缩略语列表)</h1>
</body>
</html>

效果如下:

from w3c 表明了出处,超链接也指向了来源的地方.

在html元素的属性里有一个accseekey属性,这个属性可以把一个元素与键盘上的某个特定按键关联在一起,这对那些不能或不喜欢使用鼠标来浏览网页的人们很有用。对于有视力障碍的人士,键盘快捷方式肯定会带来方便。

注意：设置太多的快捷键往往会适得其反,他们或许可能会与浏览器内建的键盘快捷方式发生冲突。

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title></title>
<script src="js/utility.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="js/index.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
</head>
<body>
<ul id="navigation">
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" accesskey="1">Home</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" accesskey="4">Search</a></li>
<li><a href="javascript:void(0)" accesskey="9">Contact</a></li>
</ul>
<h1>What is the Document Object Model?</h1>
<p>The <abbr title="World Wide Web Consortium(联合)">W3C</abbr> defines the <abbr title="Document Object Model">DOM</abbr> as:</p>
<blockquote cite="http://www.w3.org/DOM/" title="W3C">
<p>
A platform- and language-neutral(中立语言) interface that will allows paograms and scripts to dynamically access and update the
content,structrue and the style of documents.
</p>
</blockquote>
<p>
It is an <abbr title="Application Programming Interface">API</abbr> that can be used to navigate(驾驶,操控) <abbr title="HyperText MarkUp Language">HTML</abbr>
and <abbr title="eXtensible MarkUp Language">XML</abbr>
</p>
<h1>Abbreviation(缩略语列表)</h1>
</body>
</html>

js代码：

//展示网页快捷键清单
//display the list of shortcut key
function displayAccessKeys() {
if (!checkCompatibility()) return;   //check compatibility
var links = document.getElementsByTagName("a");
var keys = new Array();
for (var i = 0; i < links.length; i++) {
var current_link = links[i];
if (!current_link.getAttribute("accesskey")) continue;
var key = current_link.getAttribute("accesskey"); //get the key
var text = current_link.firstChild.nodeValue;   //get the description
keys[key] = text;
}
var ul = document.createElement("ul");
for (key in keys) {
var li = document.createElement("li");
var li_txt = key + " : " + keys[key];
var item = document.createTextNode(li_txt);
li.appendChild(item);
ul.appendChild(li);
}
var tit = document.createElement("h3");
var tit_text = document.createTextNode("state of shortcut key(快捷键说明)");
tit.appendChild(tit_text);
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].appendChild(tit);
document.getElementsByTagName("body")[0].appendChild(ul);
}
//display the list of shortcut key  end

/*
检查浏览器的兼容性,是否支持查用的DOM方法
check the compatibility of the broswer
*/
function checkCompatibility() {
if (!document.getElementById) return false;
if (!document.createElement) return false;
if (!document.createTextNode) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByTagName) return false;
if (!document.getElementsByName) return false;
return true;
}

输出如下:

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