简单实现Android搜索功能 显示清除历史搜索记录

本文主要为大家分享了Android实现搜索功能，并且可以实时显示搜索的历史记录，根据输入的内容去模糊查询，供大家参考，界面图如下。



本案例实现起来也非常的简单，所以可以直接拿来嵌入项目中使用，主要涉及到的知识点：

1、数据库的增删改查操作

2、监听软键盘回车按钮设置为搜索按钮 

3、使用TextWatcher( )进行实时筛选 

4、已搜索的关键字再次搜索不会重复添加到数据库 
既然是要保存搜索记录，首先得建立数据库表：

/**
* 搜索记录帮助类
* Created by 05 on 2016/7/27.
*/
public class RecordSQLiteOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

private final static String DB_NAME = "temp.db";
private final static int DB_VERSION = 1;

public RecordSQLiteOpenHelper(Context context) {
super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);
}

@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
String sqlStr = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS records (_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, name TEXT);";
db.execSQL(sqlStr);
}

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

}
}

数据库操作类 ，增删改查都在里面：
/**
* 搜索记录操作类
* Created by 05 on 2016/7/27.
*/
public class RecordsDao {
RecordSQLiteOpenHelper recordHelper;

SQLiteDatabase recordsDb;

public RecordsDao(Context context) {
recordHelper = new RecordSQLiteOpenHelper(context);
}

//添加搜索记录
public void addRecords(String record) {

if (!isHasRecord(record)) {
recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();
ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
values.put("name", record);
//添加
recordsDb.insert("records", null, values);
//关闭
recordsDb.close();
}
}

//判断是否含有该搜索记录
public boolean isHasRecord(String record) {
boolean isHasRecord = false;
recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = recordsDb.query("records", null, null, null, null, null, null);
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
if (record.equals(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name")))) {
isHasRecord = true;
}
}
//关闭数据库
recordsDb.close();
cursor.close();
return isHasRecord;
}

//获取全部搜索记录
public List<String> getRecordsList() {
List<String> recordsList = new ArrayList<>();
recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();
Cursor cursor = recordsDb.query("records", null, null, null, null, null, null);
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name"));
recordsList.add(name);
}
//关闭数据库
recordsDb.close();
cursor.close();
return recordsList;
}

//模糊查询
public List<String> querySimlarRecord(String record){
String queryStr = "select * from records where name like '%" + record + "%' order by name ";
List<String> similarRecords = new ArrayList<>();
Cursor cursor= recordHelper.getReadableDatabase().rawQuery(queryStr,null);

while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name"));
similarRecords.add(name);
}

cursor.close();
return similarRecords;
}

//清空搜索记录
public void deleteAllRecords() {
recordsDb = recordHelper.getWritableDatabase();
recordsDb.execSQL("delete from records");

recordsDb.close();
}

}

数据库类已经封装好了，接下来就是界面代码：

<span style="color:#333333;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<LinearLayout
android:background="@color/base_green"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="50dp">

<LinearLayout
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:background="@drawable/input_border_layout"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:layout_width="0dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<ImageView
android:padding="5dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:layout_width="30dp"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:src="@mipmap/my_village_search"/>

<EditText
android:id="@+id/input_search_content_et"
android:layout_margin="5dp"
android:textSize="14sp"
android:singleLine="true"
android:imeOptions="actionSearch"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:background="@drawable/input_no_border_layout"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:hint="请输入你要搜索的内容"/></span>
<!-- 以上的singleLine和imeOptions属性代码是将弹出的软键盘的回车键替换成搜索键的关键，当然也可以换成发送键 等等，可以去查一下该属性 --></span>
</LinearLayout>

<TextView
android:id="@+id/search_content_cancel_tv"
android:padding="10dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
android:gravity="center"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:textSize="18sp"
android:text="取消"
android:textColor="@color/white"/>

</LinearLayout>

<RelativeLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:id="@+id/search_content_show_ll"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">
</LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

</LinearLayout></span>

因为是将搜索的历史信息做成显示隐藏的效果，所以单独写了一个历史信息的layout:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<LinearLayout
android:orientation="vertical"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content">

<ListView
android:id="@+id/search_records_lv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0.1dp"
android:background="@color/custom_gray"/>

<TextView
android:background="@color/white"
android:id="@+id/clear_all_records_tv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp"
android:textSize="16sp"
android:gravity="center"
android:textColor="@color/clear_red"
android:text="清除历史记录"/>

<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="0.1dp"
android:background="@color/custom_gray"/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

既然用到了listview来显示历史搜索信息，就需要写listview的item：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">

<LinearLayout
android:background="@color/white"
android:orientation="horizontal"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="40dp">

<TextView
android:id="@+id/search_content_tv"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:drawableLeft="@mipmap/search_icon"
android:drawablePadding="8dp"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"
/>

</LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

用到了listview，当然还需要适配器，因为目前只有文本可以使用SimpleAdapter，为了以后能添加别的，我还是自定义了一个Adapter：

/**
* Created by 05 on 2016/7/27.
*/
public class SearchRecordsAdapter extends BaseAdapter {

private Context context;
private List<String> searchRecordsList;
private LayoutInflater inflater;

public SearchRecordsAdapter(Context context, List<String> searchRecordsList) {
this.context = context;
this.searchRecordsList = searchRecordsList;
inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);
}

@Override
public int getCount() {
return searchRecordsList.size() == 0 ? 0 : searchRecordsList.size();
}

@Override
public Object getItem(int position) {
return searchRecordsList.size() == 0 ? null : searchRecordsList.get(position);
}

@Override
public long getItemId(int position) {
return position;
}

@Override
public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder viewHolder;
if(null == convertView){
viewHolder = new ViewHolder();
convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.saerch_records_list_item,null);
viewHolder.recordTv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.search_content_tv);

convertView.setTag(viewHolder);
}else{
viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
}

String content = searchRecordsList.get(position);
viewHolder.recordTv.setText(content);

return convertView;
}

private class ViewHolder {
TextView recordTv;
}
}

最后就是界面代码了：

/**
* 搜索界面
* Created by 05 on 2016/7/26.
*/
public class SearchContentActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private EditText searchContentEt;
private SearchRecordsAdapter recordsAdapter;
private View recordsHistoryView;
private ListView recordsListLv;
private TextView clearAllRecordsTv;
private LinearLayout searchRecordsLl;

private List<String> searchRecordsList;
private List<String> tempList;
private RecordsDao recordsDao;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
BaseSetContentView(R.layout.activity_search_content);

initView();
initData();
bindAdapter();
initListener();
}

private void initView() {
setHideHeader();
initRecordsView();

searchRecordsLl = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.search_content_show_ll);
searchContentEt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_search_content_et);

//添加搜索view
searchRecordsLl.addView(recordsHistoryView);

}

//初始化搜索历史记录View
private void initRecordsView() {
recordsHistoryView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.search_records_list_layout, null);
//显示历史记录lv
recordsListLv = (ListView) recordsHistoryView.findViewById(R.id.search_records_lv);
//清除搜索历史记录
clearAllRecordsTv = (TextView) recordsHistoryView.findViewById(R.id.clear_all_records_tv);
}

private void initData() {
recordsDao = new RecordsDao(this);
searchRecordsList = new ArrayList<>();
tempList = new ArrayList<>();
tempList.addAll(recordsDao.getRecordsList());

reversedList();
//第一次进入判断数据库中是否有历史记录，没有则不显示
checkRecordsSize();
}

private void bindAdapter() {
recordsAdapter = new SearchRecordsAdapter(this, searchRecordsList);
recordsListLv.setAdapter(recordsAdapter);
}

private void initListener() {
clearAllRecordsTv.setOnClickListener(this);
searchContentEt.setOnEditorActionListener(new TextView.OnEditorActionListener() {

@Override
public boolean onEditorAction(TextView v, int actionId, KeyEvent event) {
if (actionId == EditorInfo.IME_ACTION_SEARCH) {
if (searchContentEt.getText().toString().length() > 0) {

String record = searchContentEt.getText().toString();

//判断数据库中是否存在该记录
if (!recordsDao.isHasRecord(record)) {
tempList.add(record);
}
//将搜索记录保存至数据库中
recordsDao.addRecords(record);
reversedList();
checkRecordsSize();
recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();

//根据关键词去搜索

} else {
ToastUtils.showToast(SearchContentActivity.this, "搜索内容不能为空");
}
}
return false;
}
});

//根据输入的信息去模糊搜索
searchContentEt.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {
@Override
public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {

}

@Override
public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {

}

@Override
public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {
String tempName = searchContentEt.getText().toString();
tempList.clear();
tempList.addAll(recordsDao.querySimlarRecord(tempName));
reversedList();
checkRecordsSize();
recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
});

//历史记录点击事件
recordsListLv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
//将获取到的字符串传到搜索结果界面

}
});
}

//当没有匹配的搜索数据的时候不显示历史记录栏
private void checkRecordsSize(){
if(searchRecordsList.size() == 0){
searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}else{
searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
}
}

@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
//清空所有历史数据
case R.id.clear_all_records_tv:
tempList.clear();
reversedList();
recordsDao.deleteAllRecords();
recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.GONE);
break;
}
}

//颠倒list顺序，用户输入的信息会从上依次往下显示
private void reversedList(){
searchRecordsList.clear();
for(int i = tempList.size() - 1 ; i >= 0 ; i --){
searchRecordsList.add(tempList.get(i));
}
}
}

以上就是实现搜索记录存储，搜索信息模糊查询的全部代码了，供大家参考，当然也给自己提供一个整理思路的锻炼。O(∩_∩)O~