使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.BufferedWriter;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Arrays;

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.List;

import java.util.Map;

/**

* 在J2SE5.0之前使用Runtime的exec方法执行本地命令.

* 在J2Se5.0之后,可以使用ProcessBuilder执行本地命令

* 它提供的功能更加丰富,能够设置设置工作目录、环境变量等

* 本例PorcessBuilder执行Windows操作系统的"ipconfig/all"命令,获取本机网卡的MAC地址

*/

/**关键技术剖析

* 用本命令名和命令的参数选项构造ProcessBuilder对象,它的start方法执行命令,启动一个进程,返回一个Process对象

* ProcessBuilder的environment方法获得运行进程的环境变量,得到一个Map,可以修改环境变量

* ProcessBuilder的directory方法切换工作目录

* Process的getInputStream方法获得进程的标准输出流,getErrorStream方法获得进程的错误输出流

*/

public class UsingProcessBuilder {

/**获取Windows系统下的网卡的MAC地址*/

public static List<String> getPhysicalAddress(){

Process p = null;

List<String> address = new ArrayList<String>(); //物理网卡列表

try{

p = new ProcessBuilder("ipconfig","/all").start(); //执行ipconfig/all命令

}catch(IOException e){

return address;

}

byte[] b = new byte[1024];

int readbytes = -1;

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

//读取进程输出值

//在JAVA IO中,输入输出是针对JVM而言,读写是针对外部数据源而言

InputStream in = p.getInputStream();

try{

while((readbytes = in.read(b)) != -1){

sb.append(new String(b,0,readbytes));

}

}catch(IOException e1){

}finally {

try{

in.close();

}catch (IOException e2){

}

}

//以下是分析输出值,得到物理网卡

String rtValue = sb.toString();

int i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");

while (i > 0){

rtValue = rtValue.substring(i + "Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :".length());

address.add(rtValue.substring(1,18));

i = rtValue.indexOf("Physical Address. . . . . . . . . :");

}

return address;

}

/**执行自定义的一个命令,该命令放在C:/temp下,并且需要两个环境变量的支持*/

public static boolean executeMyCommand1(){

//创建系统进程创建器

ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("myCommand","myArg1","myArg2");

Map<String, String> env = pb.environment(); //获得进程的环境

//设置和去除环境变量

env.put("VAR1", "myValue");

env.remove("VAR0");

env.put("VAR2", env.get("VAR1") + ";");

//迭代环境变量,获取属性名和属性值

Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();

String sysatt = null;

while(it.hasNext())

{

sysatt = (String)it.next();

System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));

}

pb.directory(new File("C:/temp"));

try{

Process p = pb.start(); //得到进程实例

//等待进程执行完毕

if(p.waitFor() != 0){

//如果进程运行结果不为0,表示进程是错误退出的

//获得进程实例的错误输出

InputStream error = p.getErrorStream();

//do something

}

InputStream sdin = p.getInputStream(); //获得进程实例的标准输出

//do something

}catch(IOException e){

}catch(InterruptedException e){

}

return true;

}

public static void executeMyCommand2(){

ProcessBuilder pb = null;

String sysatt = null;

try

{

//创建一个进程示例

pb = new ProcessBuilder("cmd.exe");

//获取系统参数并打印显示

Map<String, String> env = pb.environment();

Iterator it=env.keySet().iterator();

while(it.hasNext())

{

sysatt = (String)it.next();

System.out.println("System Attribute:"+sysatt+"="+env.get(sysatt));

}

//设置工作目录

pb.directory(new File("d://myDir"));

Process p = pb.start();

//将要执行的Windows命令写入

BufferedWriter bw=new BufferedWriter(newOutputStreamWriter(p.getOutputStream()));

//'/r/n'是必须写入的

bw.write("test.bat /r/n");

bw.write("ping -t www.yahoo.com.cn /r/n");

//flush()方法是必须调用的

bw.flush();

//将执行结果打印显示

InputStream is = p.getInputStream();

InputStreamReader isr = new InputStreamReader(is, "GBK");

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(isr);

String line;

while ((line = br.readLine()) != null)

{

System.out.println(line);

}

}

catch (Exception e)

{

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

public static void main(String[] args){

List<String> address = UsingProcessBuilder.getPhysicalAddress();

for(String add : address){

System.out.printf("物理网卡地址: %s%n",add);

}

executeMyCommand1();

executeMyCommand2();

}

}