mysql读写分离的实现

注意：本文只讲解mysql结合amoeba实现读写分离的具体配置，”主从复制”、“读写分离”、“二进制日志”、“中继日志”等概念性的东西不做描述；另外，本实验基于Cenots 6.7 系统。

前提准备

三台虚拟机：node1, node2, node3

主机node1，ip地址为192.168.180.121，这台机器上需要安装mysql

主机node2，ip地址为192.168.180.122，这台机器上需要安装amoeba（自行下载安装），不需要安装mysql

主机node3，ip地址为192.168.180.123，这台机器山需要安装mysql

第一步

实现主从复制

主机node1这台机器作为master，配置如下：

在配置文件/etc/my.cnf中作如下配置（以追加形式，不要删除原来的配置，如果原来的配置文件已经存在对应配置，建议注释掉）：

log-bin=master-bin

log-bin-index=master-bin.index(可选)

server-id={0-2^32}（例如：server-id=1）

（前2行在master机器上开启mysql的二进制日志；第三行为master选择一个在当前复制架构中惟一的server-id）

创建一个具有复制权限的用户帐号(为了方便，直接用root账户)

mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT ON *.* TO ‘root’@’192.168.180.121’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘123456’;

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

主机node3这台机器作为slave，配置如下：

在配置文件/etc/my.cnf中作如下配置（以追加形式，不要删除原来的配置，如果原来的配置文件已经存在对应配置，建议注释掉）：

relay-log=relay-bin

relay-log-index=relay-bin.index(可选)

#log-bin=mysql-bin

#binlog_format=mixed

server-id={0-2^32}（例如server-id=2）

（前2行开启slave这台机器的中继日志;接着2行关闭salve这台机器的二进制日志;最后一行为slave选择一个在当前复制架构中惟一的server-id,注意：这个server-id不能和master主机的server-id相同）

从服务器slave连接到主服务器master：

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=’192.168.180.121’, MASTER_USER=’root’, MASTER_PASSWORD=’123456’;

mysql> START SLAVE;

第一步实现简单的主从复制，可以在主服务器上create database mydb;在从服务器上show databases;进行查看验证

第二步

配置amoeba

1、配置java环境变量（略）

2、（可选）

vim /etc/priflie.d/amoeba.d

export AMOEBA_HOME=/usr/local/amoeba

export PATH=$AMOEBA_HOME/bin:$PATH

. /etc/profile.d/amoeba.d

3、配置dbServers.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:dbServers SYSTEM "dbserver.dtd">
<amoeba:dbServers xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">

<!--
Each dbServer needs to be configured into a Pool,
If you need to configure multiple dbServer with load balancing that can be simplified by the following configuration:
add attribute with name virtual = "true" in dbServer, but the configuration does not allow the element with name factoryConfig
such as 'multiPool' dbServer
-->

<dbServer name="abstractServer" abstractive="true"><!--全局定义-->
<factoryConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlServerConnectionFactory">

<property name="manager">${defaultManager}</property>
<property name="sendBufferSize">64</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">128</property>
<!-- mysql port -->
<property name="port">3306</property>
<!-- mysql schema -->
<property name="schema">test</property>
<!-- mysql user -->
<property name="user">root</property>
<!--  mysql password
<property name="password">password</property>
-->
<property name="password">123456</property>

</factoryConfig>

<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.poolable.PoolableObjectPool">

<property name="maxActive">500</property>
<property name="maxIdle">500</property>
<property name="minIdle">10</property>
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis">600000</property>
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis">600000</property>
<property name="testOnBorrow">true</property>
<property name="testOnReturn">true</property>
<property name="testWhileIdle">true</property>

</poolConfig>

</dbServer>

<dbServer name="node1"  parent="abstractServer"><!--局部定义，继承自全局-->
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.180.121</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>

<dbServer name="node3"  parent="abstractServer">
<factoryConfig>
<!-- mysql ip -->
<property name="ipAddress">192.168.180.123</property>
</factoryConfig>
</dbServer>

<dbServer name="readPool" virtual="true"><!--定义一个读pool-->
<poolConfig class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.MultipleServerPool">
<!-- Load balancing strategy: 1=ROUNDROBIN , 2=WEIGHTBASED , 3=HA-->
<property name="loadbalance">1</property>
<!-- Separated by commas,such as: server1,server2,server1 -->
<property name="poolNames">node3,node3,node3,node1</property>
</poolConfig>
</dbServer>

</amoeba:dbServers>

4、配置amoeba.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gbk"?>
<!DOCTYPE amoeba:configuration SYSTEM "amoeba.dtd">
<amoeba:configuration xmlns:amoeba="http://amoeba.meidusa.com/">
<proxy>
<!-- service class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name="Amoeba for Mysql" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ServerableConnectionManager">
<!-- port -->
<!--
<property name="port">8066</property>
-->
<property name="port">8066</property><!--端口Amoeba for Mysql listening on-->
<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<!--
<property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
-->
<property name="ipAddress">0.0.0.0</property><!--表示绑定或者说监听所有接口-->
<property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property>
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.net.MysqlClientConnectionFactory">
<property name="sendBufferSize">128</property>
<property name="receiveBufferSize">64</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="authenticator">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.server.MysqlClientAuthenticator">
<property name="user">root</property><!--前端登陆amoeba的用户名称-->
<property name="password">amoebapass</property><!--前端登陆amoeba的用户密码-->
<property name="filter">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.server.IPAccessController">
<property name="ipFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/access_list.conf</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</service>

<!-- server class must implements com.meidusa.amoeba.service.Service -->
<service name="Amoeba Monitor Server" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.MonitorServer">
<!-- port -->
<!--  default value: random number
<property name="port">9066</property>
-->
<!--Amoeba Monitor Server listening on 不指定就是随机的-->

<!-- bind ipAddress -->
<property name="ipAddress">127.0.0.1</property>
<property name="daemon">true</property>
<property name="manager">${clientConnectioneManager}</property>
<property name="connectionFactory">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.monitor.net.MonitorClientConnectionFactory"></bean>
</property>
</service>

<runtime class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.context.MysqlRuntimeContext">
<!-- proxy server net IO Read thread size -->
<property name="readThreadPoolSize">20</property>
<!-- proxy server client process thread size -->
<property name="clientSideThreadPoolSize">30</property>
<!-- mysql server data packet process thread size -->
<property name="serverSideThreadPoolSize">30</property>
<!-- per connection cache prepared statement size  -->
<property name="statementCacheSize">500</property>
<!-- query timeout( default: 60 second , TimeUnit:second) -->
<property name="queryTimeout">60</property>
</runtime>

</proxy>

<!--
Each ConnectionManager will start as thread
manager responsible for the Connection IO read , Death Detection
-->
<connectionManagerList>
<connectionManager name="clientConnectioneManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.ConnectionManager</property>
<!--
default value is avaliable Processors
<property name="processors">5</property>
-->
</connectionManager>
<connectionManager name="defaultManager" class="com.meidusa.amoeba.net.MultiConnectionManagerWrapper">
<property name="subManagerClassName">com.meidusa.amoeba.net.AuthingableConnectionManager</property>
<!--
default value is avaliable Processors
<property name="processors">5</property>
-->
</connectionManager>
</connectionManagerList>

<!-- default using file loader -->
<dbServerLoader class="com.meidusa.amoeba.context.DBServerConfigFileLoader">
<property name="configFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/dbServers.xml</property>
</dbServerLoader>

<queryRouter class="com.meidusa.amoeba.mysql.parser.MysqlQueryRouter">
<property name="ruleLoader">
<bean class="com.meidusa.amoeba.route.TableRuleFileLoader">
<property name="ruleFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/rule.xml</property>
<property name="functionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/ruleFunctionMap.xml</property>
</bean>
</property>
<property name="sqlFunctionFile">${amoeba.home}/conf/functionMap.xml</property>
<property name="LRUMapSize">1500</property>
<property name="defaultPool">node1</property><!--默认pool-->
<!--
<property name="writePool">server1</property>
<property name="readPool">server1</property>
-->
<property name="writePool">node1</property><!--写pool，因为本次只有一个，所以直接写node1-->
<property name="readPool">readPool</property><!--读pool，见dbServers.xml-->
<property name="needParse">true</property>
</queryRouter>
</amoeba:configuration>

第三步

测试

在任意主机上执行命令 tcpdump -i eth1 -nn -A tcp dst port 3306 and dst host 192.168.180.121 监控主服务器

在任意主机上执行命令 tcpdump -i eth1 -nn -A tcp dst port 3306 and dst host 192.168.180.123 监控从服务器

在任意主机上执行命令 mysql -uroot -h192.168.180.122 -P8066 -pamoebapass 通过amoeba代理登陆mysql

执行sql语句，分别从2个tcpdump的输出中查看（可以验证写操作只在node1进行；读操作多数[约75%]在node3进行，跟dbServers.xml中readpool配置有关–node3配置了3个，node1配置了1个）