pt-online-schema-change使用说明、限制与比较

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6165 Query     CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_del` AFTER DELETE ON `confluence`.`sbtest3`
FOR EACH ROW DELETE IGNORE FROM `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` WHERE `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new`.`id` <=> OLD.`id`
6165 Query     CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_upd` AFTER UPDATE ON `confluence`.`sbtest3`
FOR EACH ROW REPLACE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`) VALUES (NEW.`id`, NEW.`k`, NEW.`c`, NEW.`pad`)
6165 Query     CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_ins` AFTER INSERT ON `confluence`.`sbtest3`
FOR EACH ROW REPLACE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`) VALUES (NEW.`id`, NEW.`k`, NEW.`c`, NEW.`pad`)

并且copy操作是：

6165 Query     INSERT LOW_PRIORITY IGNORE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`)
SELECT `id`, `k`, `c`, `pad` FROM `confluence`.`sbtest3` FORCE INDEX(`PRIMARY`) WHERE ((`id` >= '4692805')) AND ((`id` <= '4718680'))
LOCK IN SHARE MODE /*pt-online-schema-change 46459 copy nibble*/

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[root@ssd-34 sysbench]# pt-online-schema-change --user=user --password=password --host=10.0.201.34  --alter "ADD COLUMN f_id int default 0" D=confluence,t=sbtest3 --print --execute
No slaves found.  See --recursion-method if host ssd-34 has slaves.
Not checking slave lag because no slaves were found and --check-slave-lag was not specified.
Operation, tries, wait:
analyze_table, 10, 1
copy_rows, 10, 0.25
create_triggers, 10, 1
drop_triggers, 10, 1
swap_tables, 10, 1
update_foreign_keys, 10, 1
Altering `confluence`.`sbtest3`...
Creating new table...         ==> 创建新表
CREATE TABLE `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`k` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
`c` char(120) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`pad` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY (`id`),
KEY `k_3` (`k`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=5000001 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE=utf8_bin MAX_ROWS=1000000
Created new table confluence._sbtest3_new OK.
Altering new table...         ==> 使用ddl修改新表结构
ALTER TABLE `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` ADD COLUMN f_id int default 0
Altered `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` OK.
2016-05-24T20:54:23 Creating triggers...   ==> 在旧表上创建3个触发器
CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_del` AFTER DELETE ON `confluence`.`sbtest3` FOR EACH ROW
DELETE IGNORE FROM `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` WHERE `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new`.`id` <=> OLD.`id`
CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_upd` AFTER UPDATE ON `confluence`.`sbtest3` FOR EACH ROW
REPLACE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`) VALUES (NEW.`id`, NEW.`k`, NEW.`c`, NEW.`pad`)
CREATE TRIGGER `pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_ins` AFTER INSERT ON `confluence`.`sbtest3` FOR EACH ROW
REPLACE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`) VALUES (NEW.`id`, NEW.`k`, NEW.`c`, NEW.`pad`)
2016-05-24T20:54:23 Created triggers OK.
2016-05-24T20:54:23 Copying approximately 4485573 rows...  ==> 分块拷贝数据到新表
INSERT LOW_PRIORITY IGNORE INTO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` (`id`, `k`, `c`, `pad`)
SELECT `id`, `k`, `c`, `pad` FROM `confluence`.`sbtest3` FORCE INDEX(`PRIMARY`) WHERE ((`id` >= ?)) AND ((`id` <= ?))
LOCK IN SHARE MODE /*pt-online-schema-change 44155 copy nibble*/
SELECT /*!40001 SQL_NO_CACHE */ `id` FROM `confluence`.`sbtest3` FORCE INDEX(`PRIMARY`) WHERE ((`id` >= ?)) ORDER BY `id` LIMIT ?, 2 /*next chunk boundary*/
Copying `confluence`.`sbtest3`:  36% 00:52 remain
Copying `confluence`.`sbtest3`:  69% 00:26 remain
2016-05-24T20:56:01 Copied rows OK.
2016-05-24T20:56:01 Analyzing new table...
2016-05-24T20:56:01 Swapping tables...  ==> 交换新旧表
RENAME TABLE `confluence`.`sbtest3` TO `confluence`.`_sbtest3_old`, `confluence`.`_sbtest3_new` TO `confluence`.`sbtest3`
2016-05-24T20:56:01 Swapped original and new tables OK.
2016-05-24T20:56:01 Dropping old table...  ==> 删除旧表
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `confluence`.`_sbtest3_old`
2016-05-24T20:56:02 Dropped old table `confluence`.`_sbtest3_old` OK.
2016-05-24T20:56:02 Dropping triggers...
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `confluence`.`pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_del`;
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `confluence`.`pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_upd`;
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS `confluence`.`pt_osc_confluence_sbtest3_ins`;
2016-05-24T20:56:02 Dropped triggers OK.
Successfully altered `confluence`.`sbtest3`.

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pt-online-schema-change h=10.0.201.34,P=3306,u=jacky,p=xxx,D=confluence,t=sbtest3 \
--alter "CHANGE pad f_pad varchar(60) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' " \
--print --dry-run

pt-online-schema-change -ujacky -p xxx -h "10.0.201.34" D=confluence,t=sbtest3 \
--alter "CHANGE pad f_pad varchar(60) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' " \
--execute

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pt-online-schema-change --user=user --ask-pass --host=10.0.201.34  \
--alter "DROP KEY cid, ADD KEY idx_corpid_userid(f_corp_id,f_user_id) " \
D=confluence,t=sbtest3 --print --execute

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[zx@mysql-5 ~]$ pt-online-schema-change  -u user -p password -h 10.0.200.195 \
--alter="MODIFY COLUMN f_receiver  varchar(128)                                                      NOT NULL DEFAULT '' AFTER f_user_id" --dry-run D=db_name,t=table_name
The table `db_name`.`table_name` has triggers.  This tool needs to create its own triggers, so the table cannot already have triggers.

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$ pt-online-schema-change -uuser -ppassword --alter "add key id_provice(f_provice)" \
D=db_name,t=tb_name -h rdsxxxxxx.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com
Can't use an undefined value as an ARRAY reference at /usr/bin/pt-online-schema-change line 7335.