您的位置:首页 > 产品设计 > UI/UE

基于 CoreText 实现的高性能 UITableView

2016-07-14 08:28 435 查看
引起UITableView卡顿比较常见的原因有cell的层级过多、cell中有触发离屏渲染的代码(譬如:cornerRadius、maskToBounds 同时使用)、像素是否对齐、是否使用UITableView自动计算cell高度的方法等。本文将从cell层级出发,以一个仿朋友圈的demo来讲述如何让列表保持顺滑,项目的源码可在文末获得。不可否认的是,过早的优化是魔鬼,请在项目出现性能瓶颈再考虑优化。

首先看看reveal上页面层级的效果图



1、绘制文本

使用core text可以将文本绘制在一个CGContextRef上,最后再通过UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()生成图片,再将图片赋值给cell.contentView.layer,从而达到减少cell层级的目的。

绘制普通文本(譬如用户昵称)在context上,相关注释在代码里:


- (void)drawInContext:(CGContextRef)context withPosition:(CGPoint)p andFont:(UIFont *)font andTextColor:(UIColor *)color andHeight:(float)height andWidth:(float)width lineBreakMode:(CTLineBreakMode)lineBreakMode {

CGSize size = CGSizeMake(width, height);

// 翻转坐标系

CGContextSetTextMatrix(context,CGAffineTransformIdentity);

CGContextTranslateCTM(context,0,height);

CGContextScaleCTM(context,1.0,-1.0);

NSMutableDictionary * attributes = [StringAttributes attributeFont:font andTextColor:color lineBreakMode:lineBreakMode];

// 创建绘制区域(路径)

CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();

CGPathAddRect(path,NULL,CGRectMake(p.x, height-p.y-size.height,(size.width),(size.height)));

// 创建AttributedString

NSMutableAttributedString *attributedStr = [[NSMutableAttributedString alloc] initWithString:self attributes:attributes];

CFAttributedStringRef attributedString = (__bridge CFAttributedStringRef)attributedStr;

// 绘制frame

CTFramesetterRef framesetter = CTFramesetterCreateWithAttributedString((CFAttributedStringRef)attributedString);

CTFrameRef ctframe = CTFramesetterCreateFrame(framesetter, CFRangeMake(0,0),path,NULL);

CTFrameDraw(ctframe,context);

CGPathRelease(path);

CFRelease(framesetter);

CFRelease(ctframe);

[[attributedStr mutableString] setString:@""];

CGContextSetTextMatrix(context,CGAffineTransformIdentity);

CGContextTranslateCTM(context,0, height);

CGContextScaleCTM(context,1.0,-1.0);

}



绘制朋友圈内容文本(带链接)在context上,这里我还没有去实现文本多了会折叠的效果,与上面普通文本不同的是这里需要创建带链接的AttributeString和CTLineRef的逐行绘制:


- (NSMutableAttributedString *)highlightText:(NSMutableAttributedString *)coloredString{

// 创建带高亮的AttributedString

NSString* string = coloredString.string;

NSRange range = NSMakeRange(0,[string length]);

NSDataDetector *linkDetector = [NSDataDetector dataDetectorWithTypes:NSTextCheckingTypeLink error:nil];

NSArray *matches = [linkDetector matchesInString:string options:0 range:range];

for(NSTextCheckingResult* match in matches) {

[self.ranges addObject:NSStringFromRange(match.range)];

UIColor *highlightColor = UIColorFromRGB(0x297bc1);

[coloredString addAttribute:(NSString*)kCTForegroundColorAttributeName

value:(id)highlightColor.CGColor range:match.range];

}

return coloredString;

}

- (void)drawFramesetter:(CTFramesetterRef)framesetter

attributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attributedString

textRange:(CFRange)textRange

inRect:(CGRect)rect

context:(CGContextRef)c {

CGMutablePathRef path = CGPathCreateMutable();

CGPathAddRect(path, NULL, rect);

CTFrameRef frame = CTFramesetterCreateFrame(framesetter, textRange, path, NULL);

CGFloat ContentHeight = CGRectGetHeight(rect);

CFArrayRef lines = CTFrameGetLines(frame);

NSInteger numberOfLines = CFArrayGetCount(lines);

CGPoint lineOrigins[numberOfLines];

CTFrameGetLineOrigins(frame, CFRangeMake(0, numberOfLines), lineOrigins);

// 遍历每一行

for (CFIndex lineIndex = 0; lineIndex < numberOfLines; lineIndex++) {

CGPoint lineOrigin = lineOrigins[lineIndex];

CTLineRef line = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(lines, lineIndex);

CGFloat descent = 0.0f, ascent = 0.0f, lineLeading = 0.0f;

CTLineGetTypographicBounds((CTLineRef)line, &ascent, &descent, &lineLeading);

CGFloat penOffset = (CGFloat)CTLineGetPenOffsetForFlush(line, NSTextAlignmentLeft, rect.size.width);

CGFloat y = lineOrigin.y - descent - self.font.descender;

// 设置每一行位置

CGContextSetTextPosition(c, penOffset + self.xOffset, y - self.yOffset);

CTLineDraw(line, c);

// CTRunRef同一行中文本的不同样式,包括颜色、字体等,此处用途为处理链接高亮

CFArrayRef runs = CTLineGetGlyphRuns(line);

for (int j = 0; j < CFArrayGetCount(runs); j++) {

CGFloat runAscent, runDescent, lineLeading1;

CTRunRef run = CFArrayGetValueAtIndex(runs, j);

NSDictionary *attributes = (__bridge NSDictionary*)CTRunGetAttributes(run);

// 判断是不是链接

if (!CGColorEqualToColor((__bridge CGColorRef)([attributes valueForKey:@"CTForegroundColor"]), self.textColor.CGColor)) {

CFRange range = CTRunGetStringRange(run);

float offset = CTLineGetOffsetForStringIndex(line, range.location, NULL);

// 得到链接的CGRect

CGRect runRect;

runRect.size.width = CTRunGetTypographicBounds(run, CFRangeMake(0,0), &runAscent, &runDescent, &lineLeading1);

runRect.size.height = self.font.lineHeight;

runRect.origin.x = lineOrigin.x + offset+ self.xOffset;

runRect.origin.y = lineOrigin.y;

runRect.origin.y -= descent + self.yOffset;

// 因为坐标系被翻转,链接正常的坐标需要通过CGAffineTransform计算得到

CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(0, ContentHeight);

transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, 1.f, -1.f);

CGRect flipRect = CGRectApplyAffineTransform(runRect, transform);

// 保存是链接的CGRect

NSRange nRange = NSMakeRange(range.location, range.length);

self.framesDict[NSStringFromRange(nRange)] = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:flipRect];

// 保存同一条链接的不同CGRect,用于点击时背景色处理

for (NSString *rangeString in self.ranges) {

NSRange range = NSRangeFromString(rangeString);

if (NSLocationInRange(nRange.location, range)) {

NSMutableArray *array = self.relationDict[rangeString];

if (array) {

[array addObject:NSStringFromCGRect(flipRect)];

self.relationDict[rangeString] = array;

} else {

self.relationDict[rangeString] = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObject:NSStringFromCGRect(flipRect)];

}

}

}

}

}

}

CFRelease(frame);

CFRelease(path);

}



上述方法运用起来就是:



这样就完成了文本的显示。

2、显示图片

图片包括用户头像和朋友圈的内容,这里只是将CALayer添加到contentView.layer上,具体做法是继承了CALayer,实现部分功能。

通过链接显示图片:


- (void)setContentsWithURLString:(NSString *)urlString {

self.contents = (__bridge id _Nullable)([UIImage imageNamed:@"placeholder"].CGImage);

@weakify(self)

SDWebImageManager *manager = [SDWebImageManager sharedManager];

[manager downloadImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:urlString]

options:SDWebImageCacheMemoryOnly

progress:nil

completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, BOOL finished, NSURL *imageURL) {

if (image) {

@strongify(self)

dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{

if (!_observer) {

_observer = CFRunLoopObserverCreateWithHandler(kCFAllocatorDefault, kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting | kCFRunLoopExit, false, POPAnimationApplyRunLoopOrder, ^(CFRunLoopObserverRef observer, CFRunLoopActivity activity) {

self.contents = (__bridge id _Nullable)(image.CGImage);

});

if (_observer) {

CFRunLoopAddObserver(CFRunLoopGetMain(), _observer, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);

}

}

});

self.originImage = image;

}

}];

}



其他比较简单就不展开。

3、显示小视频

之前的一篇文章简单讲了怎么自己做一个播放器,这里就派上用场了。而显示小视频封面图片的CALayer同样在显示小视频的时候可以复用。

这里使用了NSOperationQueue来保障播放视频的流畅性,具体继承NSOperation的VideoDecodeOperation相关代码如下:













解码图片是因为UIImage在界面需要显示的时候才开始解码,这样可能会造成主线程的卡顿,所以在子线程对其进行解压缩处理。

具体的使用:



4、其他

1、触摸交互是覆盖了以下方法实现:


- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet<UITouch *> *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event



2、页面上FPS的测量是使用了YYKit项目中的YYFPSLabel。

3、测试数据是微博找的,其中小视频是Gif快手。

本文的代码在https://github.com/hawk0620/PYQFeedDemo
内容来自用户分享和网络整理,不保证内容的准确性,如有侵权内容,可联系管理员处理 点击这里给我发消息
标签: