Python学习笔记-Excel读写操作

需要先安装xlrd（读）、xlwt（写）库

pip install xlrd

pip install xlwt

代码如下：

import os
import sys
import xlrd
import xlwt
import datetime

def readSheet(filePath, sheetIndex = 0):
if not os.path.exists(filePath):
print '%s is not exist' %filePath
sys.exit(0)
startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(filePath)
sheet = workbook.sheet_by_index(sheetIndex)
nrows = sheet.nrows
if nrows == 0:
print '%s no data need to read' %filePath
sys.exit(0)
trow = 2 if nrows > 1 else 1
ncols = sheet.ncols
types = [sheet.row(trow)[i].ctype for i in xrange(ncols)]
datas = [[] * ncols for i in xrange(nrows)]
for r in xrange(nrows):
for c in xrange(ncols):
if (sheet.cell(r, c).ctype == 3):
date_tuple = xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(sheet.cell_value(r, c), workbook.datemode)
date_value = datetime.date(*date_tuple[:3]).strftime('%Y/%m/%d')
datas[r].append(date_value)
else :
datas[r].append(sheet.row(r)[c].value)
endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
print 'read %s spend time %s seconds' %(filePath, (endTime - startTime).seconds)
return (sheet.name, types, datas)

def readSheets(filePath):
if not os.path.exists(filePath):
print '%s is not exist' %filePath
sys.exit(0)
startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
data = xlrd.open_workbook(filePath)
sheets = data.sheets()
endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
print 'read %s spend time %s seconds' %(filePath, (endTime - startTime).seconds)
return sheets

def writeSheet(sheet, fileDir):
startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
if not os.path.exists(fileDir):
os.mkdir(fileDir)
filePath = fileDir + os.sep + 'tmp.xls'
workbook = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8')
wsheet = workbook.add_sheet(sheet[0], cell_overwrite_ok = True)
#style = xlwt.easyxf('font: height 300, name SimSun, bold 1, color red;')
font = xlwt.Font()
font.name = 'Times New Roman'
font.bold = True
font.height = 300
font.colour_index = 2
style = xlwt.XFStyle()
style.font = font
#style.num_format_str= 'YYYY-MM-DD'
#style.num_format_str = '$#,##0.00'
datas = sheet[2]
nrows = len(datas)
ncols = len(datas[0])
for ncol in xrange(ncols):
wsheet.col(ncol).width = 256 * 30
#wsheet.col(ncol).collapse = 1
#wsheet.col(ncol).best_fit = 1
for r in xrange(nrows):
for c in xrange(ncols):
wsheet.write(r, c, datas[r][c], style)
workbook.save(filePath)
endTime = datetime.datetime.now()
print 'write data to %s spend time %s seconds' %(fileDir, (endTime - startTime).seconds)

if __name__ == '__main__' :
sheet = readSheet("d:\\excel\\a.xlsx")
writeSheet(sheet, "d:\\excel\\t")