2016.07.04,英语,《Vocabulary Builder》Unit 23

text comes from a Latin verb that means 'to weave'.

textile: ['tekstaɪl] adj. 纺织的 n. 纺织品;

texture: ['tekstʃər] n. 质地；纹理；结构；本质，实质

context: ['kɒntekst] n. 上下文, 环境,背景. contextual: [kən'tekstʃʊəl] adj.上下文的，前后关系的

pretext: ['priːtekst] n. 借口

subtext: ['sʌbtekst] n. 潜在的意思, 潜台词

textual: ['tekstʃuəl] adj. 本文的, 原文的

plac/plais come from the Latin placere, 'to pease or be agreeable to'. or placare, 'to soothe or calm'. pleasant, pleasurable, pleasing.

complaisant: [kəm'pleɪzənt] adj. 彬彬有礼的,殷勤的,柔顺的. complacent: [kəm'pleɪsnt] adj. 满足的, 自满的, 得意的

placebo : [plə'siːboʊ] n. 安慰剂，安慰话

placidity: [plə'sɪdəti] n.平静. placid: ['plæsɪd] adj. 安静的, 平和的.

implacable: [ɪm'plækəbl] adj. 难宽恕的, 难和解的, 执拗的. 否定前缀im-表明难以做什么事情。

aut/auto comes from the Greek for 'same' or 'self'. autograph, autopsy

automaton: [ɔː'tɑːmətən] n. 自动机器, 机器人. 复数automata

autodidact: ['ɔːtoʊdɪdækt] n. 自学者. didactic：taken from the Greek, refers to teaching.

autonomy: [ɔː'tɑːnəmi] n. 自治. nomos: is Greek for 'law'.

autism: ['ɔːtɪzəm] n. 孤独症, 自我中心主义, 自闭症

grat comes from gratus, the Latin word meaning 'pleasing, welcome, agreeable'. or from gratia, meaning 'grace, agreeableness, or pleasantness'.

gracious: ['ɡreɪʃəs] adj. 亲切的, 高尚的

gratitude: ['ɡrætɪtuːd] n. 感谢的心情

grateful: ['ɡreɪtfl] adj. 感激的, 感谢的

ingrate: [ɪn'greɪt] n. 忘恩负义的人

gratify: ['ɡrætɪfaɪ] v. 使满足，使高兴 v. 酬劳，回报

gratification: [ˌɡrætɪfɪ'keɪʃn] n. 满足, 喜悦

gratuity: [ɡrə'tuːəti] n. 赠物,赏钱,贺仪

gratuitous: [ɡrə'tuːɪtəs] adj. 免费的, 无缘无故的

ingratiate: [ɪn'ɡreɪʃieɪt] vt. 逢迎, 讨好

clam/claim: comes from the Latin verb clamare, meaning 'to shout or cry out'.

proclamation: [ˌprɑːklə'meɪʃn] n. 宣言, 公布, 文告

acclamation: [ˌæklə'meɪʃn] n. 欢呼。 acclaim: [ə'kleɪm] n. 喝采, 欢呼, 赞同 v. 欢呼, 喝采, 称赞

clamor: ['klæmə] n. 喧闹,叫嚷,大声的要求 v. 喧嚷,大声的要求

declaim: [dɪ'kleɪm] v. 高谈阔论, 雄辩, 大声说

reclamation: [ˌreklə'meɪʃn] n. 开垦, 收复

crac/cart comes from the Greek word meaning 'power'. with demos, the Greek word for 'people', it forms democracy,.

meritocracy: [ˌmerɪ'tɑːkrəsi] n. 精英制度，能者为领袖的制度，精英领导

theocracy: from the Greek theos, 'god'.

aristocrat: [ə'rɪstəkræt] n. 贵族，有贵族气派的人，最优秀者. aristos means 'best' in Greek. aristrocracy: [ˌærɪ'stɑːkrəsi] n. 贵族,贵族社会,高级知识份子

autocratic: [ˌɔːtə'krætɪk] adj. 独裁的, 专制的, 独断专行的. autos in Greek means 'same' or 'self'. autocracy: [ɔː'tɑːkrəsi] n. 独裁政治, 独裁政府

bureaucrat: ['bjʊrəkræt] n. 官僚作风的人, 官僚, 官僚政治论者

plutocracy: [pluː'tɑːkrəsi] n. 富豪统治集团，财阀统治. Pluto was the Roman god of the underworld, thus keeper of all the mineral wealth of the earth.

pung/punc comes from the Latin verb pungere, meaning 'to prick or stab'. and the noun punctum meaning 'point'.

punctuation: [ˌpʌŋktʃu'eɪʃn] n. 强调,标点

puncture: ['pʌŋktʃər] n.刺伤；小洞；（尤指皮肤上被刺破的）扎孔 v.在…上扎孔（或穿孔）；（被）刺破；使突然泄气；挫伤（锐气等）

punctual: ['pʌŋktʃuəl] adj. 严守时刻的,准时的,正点的

compunction: [kəm'pʌŋkʃn] n. 良心的责备, 后悔, 悔恨

expunge: [ɪk'spʌndʒ] v. 擦掉, 删掉, 除去

punctilious: [pʌŋk'tɪliəs] adj. 精密细心的, 一丝不苟的，谨小慎微的

pungent: ['pʌndʒənt] adj. 苦痛的,刺激性的,严厉的

plic comes from the Latin verb plicare, 'to fold'.

implicate: ['ɪmplɪkeɪt] vt. 纠缠(使...绕住, 暗示) n. 包含的东西(暗指的东西)

explicit: [ɪk'splɪsɪt] adj. 明确的,详述的，明晰的,外在的

implicit: [ɪm'plɪsɪt] adj. 暗示的,盲从的 [计算机] 隐式. has the root meaning of 'wrapped up in' or 'contained in'. imply: [ɪm'plaɪ] vt. 暗示,意味. implicity: [ɪm'plɪsɪtɪ] n.不怀疑,不问原因

explicate: ['eksplɪkeɪt] vt. 详细解说，阐述

replicate: ['replɪkeɪt] vt. &vi. 折叠,复制,模写 n. 同样的样品 adj. 转折的

supplication: [ˌsʌplɪ'keɪʃn] n. 恳求, 哀求, 祈愿

Greek and Latin Borrowings:

ambrosia: [æm'broʊziə] n. 神的食物, 特别美味的食物

dogma: ['dɔːɡmə] n. 教条，信条. dogmatic:

gratis: ['ɡrætɪs] adj. 免费的 adv. 免费. comes from the Latin word for 'favor'. means 'free'.

eureka: [ju'riːkə] int. 找到了! 有了！ Eureka n. 尤里卡（加利福尼亚西北部一城市） means 'I have found' in Greek. the story goes that the Greek inventor Archimedes, given the task of determining the purity of gold in a crown.

factotum: [fæk'toʊtəm] n. 杂役, 打杂的人. in Latin, factotum means literally 'do everything'.

opus: ['oʊpəs] n. 著作(艺术作品,乐曲)

impetus: ['ɪmpɪtəs] n. 动力,推动力

thesis: ['θiːsɪs] n. 毕业论文, 论题, 论文