Android6.0 动态权限(Runtime Permission)

Android6.0 动态权限

Android 6.0中将Runtime Permission分成了普通权限(Normal Permission)以及危险权限(Dangerous Permission)，普通权限在AndroidManifest.xml中注册的时候是默认打开的，而被认为危险的权限在注册的时候是关闭的，需要用户去打开或者在代码里动态申请。当APP的API < 23时，危险权限还是默认打开的，只有当APP的API >= 23的时候，新的Runtime Permission的套路才会有效果。

危险权限(Dangerous Permission)

危险权限一共有以下几种:

身体传感器,日历,摄像头,通讯录,地理位置,麦克风,电话,短信,存储空间.

在Framework中默认打开Dangerous Permission

有些系统程序他申请了危险权限，但是很多情况下他是默认打开的，比如原生Camera的Camera,Storage等权限是默认打开的，不需要用户去动态打开它或者在代码里申请打开它。那么他是怎么做到的？其实在framework中有一个配置文件可以默认去为系统APP打开危险权限。

这个文件的全路径：

/myandroid/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/DefaultPermissionGrantPolicy.java

// Camera
Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
PackageParser.Package cameraPackage = getDefaultSystemHandlerActivityPackageLPr(
cameraIntent, userId);
if (cameraPackage != null
&& doesPackageSupportRuntimePermissions(cameraPackage)) {
grantRuntimePermissionsLPw(cameraPackage, CAMERA_PERMISSIONS, userId);
grantRuntimePermissionsLPw(cameraPackage, MICROPHONE_PERMISSIONS, userId);
grantRuntimePermissionsLPw(cameraPackage, STORAGE_PERMISSIONS, userId);
}

从上面这段代码就可以看到Camera中默认打开了CAMERA_PERMISSIONS, MICROPHONE_PERMISSIONS, STORAGE_PERMISSIONS这三个Dangerous Permission。

//在系统APP Browser中加入默认Sotrage权限。
grantRuntimePermissionsLPw(browserPackage, STORAGE_PERMISSIONS, userId);

在APP中动态申请Dangerous Permission

这些关于权限的API都是在Activity中调用的。我这里使用的API是23，在support包里也有一套一样的API。

检查权限是否Grant

if(checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO)
!= PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED){
mNumPermissionsToRequest++;
mShouldRequestSoundPermission = true;
}

申请权限

if(mShouldRequestStoragePermission){
permissionToRequest[permissionRequestIndex] =   Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE;
mIndexPermissionRequestStorage= permissionRequestIndex;
permissionRequestIndex++;
}
//关键是这句,调用这个API之后会出现如下的对话框，这个对话框是系统UI，不需要APP来写
if(permissionToRequest.length > 0){
requestPermissions(permissionToRequest, PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE);
}

授权(Allow)或拒绝授权(Deny)后会在Activity回调这个方法

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case PERMISSION_REQUEST_CODE:
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Log.v(TAG, "Grant permission successfully");
} else {
Log.v(TAG, "Grant permission unsuccessfully");
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}

为了使用方便，我自己封装了一个小工具，贴出代码

import java.util.List;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.Manifest;
import android.util.Log;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import com.freescale.cactusplayer.R;

public class PermissionChecker {

private Activity mActivity;
private String[] mPermissions;
private PermissionCheckCallback mCallback;
private static final String TAG = "PermissionChecker";
private static final int REQUST_CODE = 0;
private boolean isDefaultDialog = false;

public PermissionChecker setActivity(Activity activity) {
this.mActivity = activity;
return this;
}

public PermissionChecker setPermissions(String[] permissions) {
this.mPermissions = permissions;
return this;
}

public PermissionChecker setCallback(PermissionCheckCallback callback) {
thi
4000
s.mCallback = callback;
return this;
}

public PermissionChecker setDefaultDialog(boolean isDefaultDialog) {
this.isDefaultDialog = isDefaultDialog;
return this;
}

public boolean isPermissionGrant(String permission) {
return mActivity.checkSelfPermission(permission) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
}

public void checkPermission() {

if (mPermissions == null || mActivity == null || mPermissions == null)
return;

List<String> permissionToRequestList = new LinkedList<String>();
for (String permission : mPermissions) {
if(mActivity.checkSelfPermission(permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED)
permissionToRequestList.add(permission);
}
String[] permissionToRequest = (String[])permissionToRequestList.toArray(new String[permissionToRequestList.size()]);
if(permissionToRequest.length > 0){
mActivity.requestPermissions(permissionToRequest, REQUST_CODE);
if (mCallback != null)
mCallback.onRequest();
} else {
if (mCallback != null) {
mCallback.onGranted();
}
}
}

public interface PermissionCheckCallback {
void onRequest();
void onGranted();
void onGrantSuccess();
void onGrantFail();
}

public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
switch (requestCode) {
case REQUST_CODE:
if (grantResults.length > 0
&& grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
Log.v(TAG, "Grant permission successfully");
if (mCallback != null)
mCallback.onGrantSuccess();
} else {
if (isDefaultDialog) {
popupWarningDialog();
return;
}
if (mCallback != null) {
mCallback.onGrantFail();
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
}

private void popupWarningDialog(){

DialogInterface.OnClickListener dialogOnclicListener=new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){

@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
switch(which){
case Dialog.BUTTON_POSITIVE:
if (mCallback != null)
mCallback.onGranted();
break;
case Dialog.BUTTON_NEGATIVE:
mActivity.finish();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
};

AlertDialog.Builder builder=new AlertDialog.Builder(mActivity);
builder.setTitle(R.string.Warning);
builder.setMessage(R.string.PermissionNotGrant);
builder.setPositiveButton(R.string.OK,dialogOnclicListener);
builder.setNegativeButton(R.string.Cancel, dialogOnclicListener);
builder.create().show();
}
}

使用的方法

//new一个PermissionChecker然后填入相应的权限和Callback
mPermissionChecker = new PermissionChecker();
mPermissionChecker.setActivity(this)
.setDefaultDialog(true)
.setPermissions(new String[]{Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE})
.setCallback(new PermissionCheckCallback() {
@Override
public void onRequest() {
}

@Override
public void onGranted() {
initView();
}

@Override
public void onGrantSuccess() {
initView();
}

@Override
public void onGrantFail() {
}
}).checkPermission();

//回调的时候调用PermissionChecker的onRequestPermissionsResult方法
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
String permissions[], int[] grantResults) {
mPermissionChecker.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}