linux下的Gradle编译环境搭建与使用

摘要: linux下的Gradle安装配置，有下载链接。以及使用介绍

###gradle 安装###
安装的前提是配置完成JDK环境：Linux下jdk的配置

1、在官网下载And百度网盘,秘钥：w29m

2、解压安装包到目录

/root/A

3、打开环境文件

sudo vim /etc/profile

4、写入环境变量:

export GRADLE_HOME=/root/A/gradle-2.0
export PATH=$GRADLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
```
5、环境变量生效
```
source /etc/profile
```
6、检查结果
```
gradle -v
```
如果Gradle环境配置成功，此时会有类似如下内容的版本信息出现:
```
------------------------------------------------------------
Gradle 2.10
------------------------------------------------------------

Build time:   2015-12-21 21:15:04 UTC
Build number: none
Revision:     276bdcded730f53aa8c11b479986aafa58e124a6

Groovy:       2.4.4
Ant:          Apache Ant(TM) version 1.9.3 compiled on December 23 2013
JVM:          1.7.0_05 (Oracle Corporation 23.1-b03)
OS:           Windows 7 6.1 x86
```
###gradle 配置###
![输入图片说明](https://static.oschina.net/uploads/img/201606/29102621_j8dt.png "在这里输入图片标题")
我们需要配置的三个文件：
__build.gradle__:编译规则
__gradle.properties__此文件用于配置本地的SDK和NDK所在的目录, SDK目录对应sdk.dir, NDK目录对应ndk.dir 如果不需要ndk支持，可直接使用"//"注释掉ndk.dir行 *注意路径中的':'也需要使用转义字符''来修饰为':'
__local.properties__此文件用于配置全局参数，keystore目录也在此配置

####__build.gradle__的配置：####
```
apply plugin: 'com.android.application'//说明module的类型，com.android.application为程序，com.android.library为库
android {
compileSdkVersion 22//编译的SDK版本
buildToolsVersion "22.0.1"//编译的Tools版本
defaultConfig {//默认配置
applicationId "com.nd.famlink"//应用程序的包名
minSdkVersion 8//支持的最低版本
targetSdkVersion 19//支持的目标版本
versionCode 52//版本号
versionName "3.0.1"//版本名
}
sourceSets {//目录指向配置
main {
manifest.srcFile 'AndroidManifest.xml'//指定AndroidManifest文件
java.srcDirs = ['src']//指定source目录
resources.srcDirs = ['src']//指定source目录
aidl.srcDirs = ['src']//指定source目录
renderscript.srcDirs = ['src']//指定source目录
res.srcDirs = ['res']//指定资源目录
assets.srcDirs = ['assets']//指定assets目录
jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']//指定lib库目录
}
debug.setRoot('build-types/debug')//指定debug模式的路径
release.setRoot('build-types/release')//指定release模式的路径
}
signingConfigs {//签名配置
release {//发布版签名配置
storeFile file("fk.keystore")//密钥文件路径
storePassword "123"//密钥文件密码
keyAlias "fk"//key别名
keyPassword "123"//key密码
}
debug {//debug版签名配置
storeFile file("fk.keystore")
storePassword "123"
keyAlias "fk"
keyPassword "123"
}
}
buildTypes {//build类型
release {//发布
minifyEnabled true//混淆开启
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-project.txt'//指定混淆规则文件
signingConfig signingConfigs.release//设置签名信息
}
debug {//调试
signingConfig signingConfigs.release
}
}
packagingOptions {
exclude 'META-INF/ASL2.0'
exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE'
exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE'
exclude 'META-INF/MANIFEST.MF'
}
lintOptions {
abortOnError false//lint时候终止错误上报,防止编译的时候莫名的失败
}
}
dependencies {
compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', exclude: ['android-support*.jar'], include: ['*.jar'])   //编译lib目录下的.jar文件
compile project(':Easylink')//编译附加的项目
compile project(':ImageLibrary')
compile project(':ImageResLibrary')
compile project(':Ofdmtransport')
compile project(':PullToRefreshLibrary')
compile project(':RecorderLibrary')
compile project(':WebSocket')
compile project(':WidgetLibrary')
compile 'com.nostra13.universalimageloader:universal-image-loader:1.9.3'//编译来自Jcenter的第三方开源库
}
```
####__gradle.properties__的配置：####
```
# Project-wide Gradle settings.
#
# IDE (e.g. Android Studio) users:
# Gradle settings configured through the IDE *will override*
# any settings specified in this file.
#
# For more details on how to configure your build environment visit
# http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/build_environment.html #
# Specifies the JVM arguments used for the daemon process.
# The setting is particularly useful for tweaking memory settings.
# Default value: -Xmx10248m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m
# org.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx2048m -XX:MaxPermSize=512m -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8
#
# When configured, Gradle will run in incubating parallel mode.
# This option should only be used with decoupled projects. More details, visit
# http://www.gradle.org/docs/current/userguide/multi_project_builds.html#sec:decoupled_projects # org.gradle.parallel=true
KEYSTORE_DEBUG_PATH=/root/Download/keystore/keystore/platform.keystore
KEYSTORE_DEBUG_PATH_WINDOWS=D\:\\keystore\\platform.keystore//windows下的路径
KEYSTORE_DEBUG_STORE_PASSWORD=android
KEYSTORE_DEBUG_KEY_ALIAS=androidplatformkey
KEYSTORE_DEBUG_KEY_PASSWORD=android
```
####__local.properties__的配置：####
```
## This file is automatically generated by Android Studio.
# Do not modify this file -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE ERASED!
#
# This file must *NOT* be checked into Version Control Systems,
# as it contains information specific to your local configuration.
#
# Location of the SDK. This is only used by Gradle.
# For customization when using a Version Control System, please read the
# header note.
# Wed Jun 15 11:01:52 CST 2016
sdk.dir=/root/Download/android-sdk
ndk.dir =/root/Download/android-ndk
```
配置好着两个文件之后接下来就可以去使用Gradel了

###Gradel的使用：###
查看当前工程支持的操作任务
```
gradle tasks
```
清理工程
```
gradle clean
```
编译项目debug版本 ，并输出到output目录
```
gradle assembleDebug
```
编译项目release版本  ，并输出到output目录
```
gradle assembleRelease
```
代码检查及测试
```
gradle check
```
编译项目并执行检查及测试，即assemble + check
```
gradle build
```