android 蓝牙模块学习

1.今天学习了一天的Android 蓝牙基础,写点总结,看了一天感觉也是蛮累的.

遇到的问题: 学习的Android 官方的 聊天 demo ,这里讲几个需要理解的地方.

1> UUID 这个唯一识别码,在Android 中 需要靠他来建立连接,作为一种key ,通过他来匹配service端的socket端口

2> 自定义连接需要两个手机同时连接,一个连接成功关闭服务端,有了一个socket,可以通过这个socket 获取相应的输入输出流,进行数据通信.

3>建立套接字的时候尽量开启线程.

难点就是了解蓝牙的API,学会将不变的代码和变的代码分离,后面直接贴代码.

这里写代码片 1> ** 注册广播接收蓝牙各种状态的改变,从而来做相应的处理
action 需要自己去API
// 创建一个IntentFilter对象,将其action指定为BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND
// IntentFilter它是一个过滤器,只有符合过滤器的Intent才会被我们的BluetoothReceiver所接收
IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_SCAN_MODE_CHANGED);
intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_STATE_CHANGED);

// 创建一个BluetoothReceiver对象
bluetoothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
// 注册广播接收器 注册完后每次发送广播后，BluetoothReceiver就可以接收到这个广播了
registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter);

2>显示广播的基本处理方法,每个人处理方式不一样,逻辑而已

// 接收广播
private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();

Bundle b = intent.getExtras();
Object[] lstName = b.keySet().toArray();

// 显示所有收到的消息及其细节
for (int i = 0; i < lstName.length; i++) {
String keyName = lstName[i].toString();
Log.e(keyName, String.valueOf(b.get(keyName)));
}
BluetoothDevice device = null;
// 搜索设备时，取得设备的MAC地址
if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
if (device.getBondState() == BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE) {
String str = "未配对|" + device.getName() + "|" + device.getAddress();
list.add(str);
}
} else if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_BOND_STATE_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
switch (device.getBondState()) {
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "正在配对......");
break;
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "完成配对");
connect(device);// 连接设备
break;
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "取消配对");
default:
break;
}
}

if (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {
// 只要BluetoothReceiver接收到来自于系统的广播,这个广播是什么呢,是我找到了一个远程蓝牙设备
// Intent代表刚刚发现远程蓝牙设备适配器的对象,可以从收到的Intent对象取出一些信息
BluetoothDevice bluetoothDevice = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, bluetoothDevice.getName(), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
Log.d("mytag", bluetoothDevice.getAddress());
switch (bluetoothDevice.getBondState()) {
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDING:
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "正在配对......");
break;
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED:
// 连接之前取消搜索周围的状态
blueAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "正在配对蓝牙适配设备", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "完成配对");
connect(bluetoothDevice);// 连接设备
break;
case BluetoothDevice.BOND_NONE:
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "取消配对");
default:
break;
}

list.add(bluetoothDevice.getAddress());
list1.add(bluetoothDevice);

}
adapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
}

3>判断是否打开蓝牙,和获取已经绑定的设备

// 表示存在蓝牙适配设备,判断蓝牙设备是否可用
if (!blueAdapter.isEnabled()) {
// 调用代开蓝牙的权限
Intent intent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
startActivity(intent);
}
Set<BluetoothDevice> list_devices = blueAdapter.getBondedDevices();

System.out.println("list_device------->size" + list_devices.size());

if (list_devices.size() > 0) {
Iterator<BluetoothDevice> iterator = list_devices.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {

BluetoothDevice device = iterator.next();
Log.i("device_address", device.getAddress());
list.add(device.getAddress());
list1.add(device);
}

} else {
Toast.makeText(this, "没有连接的蓝牙设备", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}

4>创建蓝牙的服务端,开启线程等待获取连接,连接成功后关闭,思考如果多对一的话,服务端是否不能关闭?

private class AcceptThread extends Thread {
private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket;

public AcceptThread() {
// Use a temporary object that is later assigned to mmServerSocket,
// because mmServerSocket is final
BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null;
try {
// MY_UUID is the app's UUID string, also used by the client code
tmp = blueAdapter.listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord("Fisrt", uuid);
} catch (IOException e) { }
mmServerSocket = tmp;
}

public void run() {
BluetoothSocket socket = null;
// Keep listening until exception occurs or a socket is returned
while (isRun) {
try {
socket = mmServerSocket.accept();

runOnUiThread( new Runnable() {
public void run() {
Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "connect sucess", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
});
} catch (IOException e) {
break;
}
// If a connection was accepted
if (socket != null) {
// Do work to manage the connection (in a separate thread)
try {
isRun=false;
mmServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
}
}
}

/** Will cancel the listening socket, and cause the thread to finish */
public void cancel() {
try {
mmServerSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e) { }
}
}

5>设置可见性

// 通过Intent 设置可见性 系统默认时间最大值是300秒,500设置的值也是300而已.
Intent intent_see = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
intent_see.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION, 500);
startActivity(intent_see);

6>客户端连接

private void connect(BluetoothDevice btDev) {

Method creMethod;
try {
creMethod = BluetoothDevice.class
.getMethod("createBond");
creMethod.invoke(btDev);

} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}

try {
Toast.makeText(this, "开始连接... ", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
btSocket = btDev.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(uuid);

System.out.println("========" + "start connect");
Log.d("BlueToothTestActivity", "开始连接...");//注意需要关闭搜索
btSocket.connect();

Toast.makeText(this, "开始连接success ", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
try {
btSocket.close();
} catch (IOException e1) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e1.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println(e.toString());
Toast.makeText(this, "connect failed ", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

代码没有相关整理感觉很乱,实在不好意思.还要继续学习好封装

给一个Android demo 里面的例子了

package com.svasan.bluetoothmmochatroom;

import java.util.Set;

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;

/**
* 蓝牙连接的主要封装类
* @author Administrator
*
*/
public class MBluetoothDevice {
// BluetoothAdapter actions
public final String Action_Bluetooth_On = BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE;
public final String Action_Bluetooth_Discoverable = BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE;
public final String Action_Bluetooth_Discovery_Finish=BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED;
// Bluetooth scan mode
public final int Mode_Connectable_Discoverable = BluetoothAdapter.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_DISCOVERABLE;
// BluetoothAdapter data
public final String Data_Dicoverable=BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION;
// Local Bluetooth adapter
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null;

public MBluetoothDevice() {
// Get local Bluetooth adapter
mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
}

/* 判断本地手机是否支持蓝牙服务 */
public boolean isPhoneDevice_Support() {
if (mBluetoothAdapter == null)
return false;
return true;
}

/* 判断本地手机是否开启蓝牙服务 */
public boolean isBluetoothAdapter_Enable() {
return mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled();
}
/* 判断是否正在搜索中 */
public boolean isBluetooth_discovering() {
return mBluetoothAdapter.isDiscovering();
}
/* 获取搜索扫描模式 */
public int getBluetoothScanMode() {
return mBluetoothAdapter.getScanMode();
}
/*得到匹配项*/
public Set<BluetoothDevice> getPairedDevices() {
return mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
}
/*获取蓝牙适配器*/
public BluetoothAdapter getBluetoothAdapter() {
return mBluetoothAdapter;
}
public boolean discoveryBluetooth_Start() {
return mBluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
}
/*取消搜索*/
public void discoveryBluetooth_Cancel() {
mBluetoothAdapter.cancelDiscovery();
}
/*获取远程蓝牙设备对象*/
public BluetoothDevice getRomteBluetoothDevice(String address) {
return mBluetoothAdapter.getRemoteDevice(address);
}
}