Ansible自动部署LNAMP

前言：
借助Ansible自动部署LNAMP，实现高可用nginx反代服务器，中部http+php提供web服务，后端链接同一台mysql数据库

实验环境：
ansible主机:10.0.0.10/8
nginx(主)：10.0.0.11/8
nginx(备)：10.0.0.12/8
虚拟IP：10.0.0.111/32
http1：10.0.0.21/8
http2：10.0.0.22/8
mysql：10.0.0.30/8

编辑Ansible的hosts文件

####Nginx反代主机地址及变量设置
[agent_server]
10.0.0.11 STATE=MASTER PRIORITY=100 ip_addr=10.0.0.11
10.0.0.12 STATE=BACKUP PRIORITY=95 ip_addr=10.0.0.12
# 注释: STATE为keepalived的配置文件主备配置所需变量
# ip_addr: 为nginx配置文件模板所需的变量

#http服务器组变量配置
[agent_server:vars]
package=nginx,keepalived  #package这个变量提供nginx反代服务器所需的安装包
web_server1=10.0.0.21     #nginx 配置文件必须调用的后端服务器地址
web_server2=10.0.0.22

###Web服务器地址及变量配置
[web_server]
10.0.0.21
10.0.0.22

#Web服务器地址及变量配置
[web_server:vars]
package=httpd,php,php-mysql
dbserver=10.0.0.30    #discuz配置文件所需调用的变量

###数据库主机配置
[db_server]
10.0.0.30

[dbserver:vars]
package=mariadb-server

创建roles目录

# cd /etc/ansible/roles/
# 创建目录所需的角色目录
# mkdir -pv nginx/{tasks,files,templates,handlers,mate,default,vars}
# mkdir -pv httpd/{tasks,files,templates,handlers,mate,default,vars}

配置nginx角色
创建tasks任务文件

- name: install nginx & keepalived packages ##包安装
yum: name={{ package }} state=present- name: nginx configuration ##复制nginx配置文件，复制模板至远程主机;配置文件本地放置在template目录
template: src=nginx.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
- name: keepalived configuration ## keepalived配置文件，复制模板至远程主机
template: src=keepalived.conf.j2 dest=/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
- name: nginx service start ##启动nginx服务
service: name=nginx state=started
- name: keepalived service start
service: name=keepalived state=started
- name: copy nginx check script ## 复制nginx服务检测脚本至远程主机
copy: src=chk_nginx.sh dest=/etc/keepalived/
- name: change script mod  ## 为脚本文件赋权限
shell: chmod +x /etc/keepalived/chk_nginx.sh

创建nginx配置文件模板：

复制nginx配置文件到template目录中以.j2结尾
# cp /etc/nginx/nginx.conf /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf.j2

# vim nginx.conf.j2
http {
...
upstream {{ ip_addr }} {  #此处变量为hosts中定义的nginx的IP地址
server {{ web_server1 }}:8080 weight=2 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5; # web_server后端服务器
server {{ web_server2 }}:8080 weight=1 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=5;  # 注意，使用非默认端口一定要指定端口
#此处upstream 定义的主机组的名字不是字符串，是因为字符串的命令会导致discuz时无法加载图片
#若你发现用反向代理访问论坛无法显示图片时，那很可能就和此处的设定有关
}

server {
listen       80 default_server;
listen       [::]:80 default_server;
server_name  _;
root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

# Load configuration files for the default server block.
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

location / {
proxy_pass http://{{ ip_addr }};
proxy_pass_header User-Agent;
proxy_set_header Host $Host;
# 需要注意的是：以上关于header的两项配置是使用discuz所必须的，否则会出现验证码无法显示等安全问题
}

error_page 404 /404.html;
location = /40x.html {
}

error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
}
}

nginx服务检测脚本：

#!/bin/bash
#
declare -i i=1
until [ $i -eq 3 ]; do
if curl http://127.0.0.1/ &> /dev/null; then
exit 0
else
systemctl restart nginx.service #自己在测试时最好先注销，看停掉服务是否能够实现地址漂移
sleep 2
let i++
[ $i -eq 3 ] && exit 2
fi
done

创建keepalived的配置文件模板：

# cp /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf nginx/templates/keepalived.conf.j2
# vim nginx/templates/keepalived.conf.j2

创建keepalived的配置文件模板

# vim keepalived.conf.j2

! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
notification_email { # 收件人邮箱地址配置
acassen@firewall.loc
failover@firewall.loc
sysadmin@firewall.loc
}
# 发件人配置
notification_email_from Alexandre.Cassen@firewall.loc
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id {{ ansible_nodename }} #ansible的facts变量，变量值为主机名
}

## 定义nginx健康状态检测脚本
vrrp_script chk_nginx {
script "/etc/keepalived/chk_nginx.sh" #
interval 2 # 每两秒执行一次脚本
priority -5 # 脚本返回失败时，优先级减5，weight -5 也可实现地址漂移，但成功率不高
#脚本的作用是：当检测nginx服务不在线时，将返回失败的状态给keepalived，然后keepalived自减权重，地址就会产生漂移
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state {{ STATE }}      # 主机初始状态变量
interface eno16777736  # 提供服务的地址接口
virtual_router_id 51   # 路由ID，主备必须一致(0-255取值范围
priority {{ PRIORITY }} # Hosts中事先定义了优先级变量
advert_int 1           # 心跳报文发送频率(秒)
authentication {
auth_type PASS  # 认证方式
auth_pass 9998  # 认证密码 (建议使用随即字符串)
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.111/32 # 提供服务的IP地址，此地址在主备之间流动
}
}
track_script { # 调用上面定义的脚本
chk_nginx
}

配置httpd角色

创建httpd的tasks任务文件

- name: install httpd & php php-mysql
yum: name={{ package }} state=present
- name: httpd configration
template: src=httpd.conf.j2 dest=/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf
- name: httpd service startd
service: name=httpd state=started
- name: copy Discuz to web server
copy: src=Discuz_X3.1_SC_UTF8.zip dest=/var/www/html/
- name: unzip Discuz
shell: "cd /var/www/html; unzip -oq Discuz_X3.1_SC_UTF8.zip; mv upload bbs" # 命名为bbs较为简短
- name: configure Discuz
template: src=config_global_default.php.j2 dest=/var/www/html/bbs/config/config_global_default.php
- name: change Discuz files owner & mod
shell: "chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/{bbs,utility}; chmod 755 -R /var/www/html/{bbs,utility}"

提供httpd配置文件模板：

# cp /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf httpd/templates/httpd.conf.j2
Listen 8080

Discuz配置文件在压缩包中提取，3.1版本配置文件路径为
upload/config/config_global_default.php

解压之后修改配置

$_config['db'][1]['dbhost']       = '{{ db_server }}'; # mysql或mariadb数据库主机（使用变量替换）
$_config['db'][1]['dbuser']       = 'discuz'; # mysql数据库用户名
$_config['db'][1]['dbpw']               = 'magedu'; # mysql数据库密码
$_config['db'][1]['dbcharset']          = 'utf8'; # 数据库字符集
$_config['db'][1]['pconnect']           = 0; # 是否允许持久连接（0表示不启用）
$_config['db'][1]['dbname']             = 'discuz'; # mysql数据名称
$_config['db'][1]['tablepre']           = 'pre_';

配置mariadb角色

创建tasks任务文件

roles]# mkdir -pv mariadb/{tasks,files,templates,handlers,mate,default,vars}
# vim mariadb/tasks/mail.yml

#!/bin/bash
#
mysql -e "create database discuz"
web_server="10.0.0.21 10.0.0.22"
for i in $web_server; do
mysql -e "grant all on discuz.* to discuz@$i identified by 'magedu'"
done
~

提供mariadb配置文件模板

# cp /etc/my.cnf mariadb/templates/my.cnf.j2
[mysqld]datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0skip_name_resolve = ON # 取消主机名反解innodb_file_per_table = ON # 使用innodb引擎

创建playbook调用角色
nginx

- hosts: agent_server
remote_user: root
tasks:
roles:
- nginx

httpd

- hosts: web_server
remote_user: root
tasks:
roles:
- httpd

mariadb

- host: db_server
remote_user: root
tasks:
roles:
- mariadb

未完待续。。。。