ORM methods odoo openerp 主类的主要的几个方法

This is the documentation for older versions of Odoo (formerly OpenERP).
See the new Odoo user documentation.
See the new Odoo technical documentation.

ORM methods

https://doc.odoo.com/6.0/developer/2_5_Objects_Fields_Methods/methods/

Keeping the context in ORM methods

In OpenObject, the context holds very important data such as the language in which a document must be written, whether function field needs updating or not, etc.

When calling an ORM method, you will probably already have a context - for example the framework will provide you with one as a parameter of almost every method. If you do have a context, it is very important that you always pass it through to every single
method you call.

This rule also applies to writing ORM methods. You should expect to receive a context as parameter, and always pass it through to every other method you call..

ORM methods

class osv.osv.osv(pool, cr)

Bases: osv.osv.osv_base, osv.orm.orm

browse(cr, uid, select, context=None, list_class=None, fields_process=None)

Fetch records as objects allowing to use dot notation to browse fields and relations

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id select -- id or list of ids context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Return type:	object or list of objects requested

check_access_rule(cr, uid, ids, operation, context=None)

Verifies that the operation given by operation is allowed for the user according to ir.rules.

Parameters:	operation -- one of write, unlink
Raises except_orm:
	if current ir.rules do not permit this operation.
Returns:	None if the operation is allowed

copy(cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None)

Duplicate record with given id updating it with default values

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor uid -- current user id id -- id of the record to copy default (dictionary) -- dictionary of field values to override in the original values of the copied record, e.g: {'field_name': overriden_value, ...} context (dictionary) -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Returns:	True

copy_data(cr, uid, id, default=None, context=None)

Copy given record's data with all its fields values

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id id -- id of the record to copy default (dictionary) -- field values to override in the original values of the copied record context (dictionary) -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Returns:	dictionary containing all the field values

create(cr, user, vals, context=None)

Create new record with specified value

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user (integer) -- current user id vals (dictionary) -- field values for new record, e.g {'field_name': field_value, ...} context (dictionary) -- optional context arguments, e.g. {'lang': 'en_us', 'tz': 'UTC', ...}
Returns:	id of new record created
Raises:	AccessError -- if user has no create rights on the requested object if user tries to bypass access rules for create on the requested object ValidateError -- if user tries to enter invalid value for a field that is not in selection UserError -- if a loop would be created in a hierarchy of objects a result of the operation (such as setting an object as its own parent)

Note: The type of field values to pass in vals for relationship fields is specific.
Please see the description of the write() method
for details about the possible values and how to specify them.

default_get(cr, uid, fields_list, context=None)

Returns default values for the fields in fields_list.

Parameters:

fields_list (list) -- list of fields to get the default values for (example ['field1', 'field2',]) context -- optional context dictionary - it may contains keys for specifying certain options like context_lang (language) or context_tz (timezone) to alter the results of the call. It may contain keys in the form default_XXX (where XXX is a field name), to set or override a default value for a field. A special bin_size boolean flag may also be passed in the context to request the value of all fields.binary columns to be returned as the size of the binary instead of its contents. This can also be selectively overriden by passing a field-specific flag in the formbin_size_XXX: True/False where XXX is the name of the field. Note: Thebin_size_XXX form is new in OpenERP v6.0.

Returns:

dictionary of the default values (set on the object model class, through user preferences, or in the context)

export_data(cr, uid, ids, fields_to_export, context=None)

Export fields for selected objects

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor uid -- current user id ids -- list of ids fields_to_export -- list of fields context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Return type:	dictionary with a datas matrix

This method is used when exporting data via client menu

fields_get(cr, user, fields=None, context=None)

Get the description of list of fields

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id fields -- list of fields context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Returns:	dictionary of field dictionaries, each one describing a field of the business object
Raises AccessError:
	if user has no create/write rights on the requested object

fields_view_get(cr, user, view_id=None, view_type='form', context=None, toolbar=False, submenu=False)

Get the detailed composition of the requested view like fields, model, view architecture

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id view_id -- id of the view or None view_type -- type of the view to return if view_id is None ('form', tree', ...) context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone toolbar -- true to include contextual actions submenu -- example (portal_project module)
Returns:	dictionary describing the composition of the requested view (including inherited views and extensions)
Raises:	AttributeError -- if the inherited view has unknown position to work with other than 'before', 'after', 'inside', 'replace' if some tag other than 'position' is found in parent view Invalid ArchitectureError -- if there is view type other than form, tree, calendar, search etc defined on the structure

get_xml_id(cr, uid, ids, *args, **kwargs)

Find out the XML ID of any database record, if there is one. This method works as a possible implementation for a function field, to be able to add it to any model object easily, referencing it asosv.osv.get_xml_id.

When multiple XML IDs exist for a record, only one of them is returned (randomly).

Synopsis: get_xml_id(cr, uid, ids) -> { 'id': 'module.xml_id' }

Returns:	map of ids to their fully qualified XML ID, defaulting to an empty string when there's none (to be usable as a function field).

import_data(cr, uid, fields, datas, mode='init', current_module='', noupdate=False, context=None,filename=None)

Import given data in given module

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor uid -- current user id fields -- list of fields data -- data to import mode -- 'init' or 'update' for record creation current_module -- module name noupdate -- flag for record creation context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone, filename -- optional file to store partial import state for recovery
Return type:	tuple

This method is used when importing data via client menu.

Example of fields to import for a sale.order:

.id,                         (=database_id)
partner_id,                  (=name_search)
order_line/.id,              (=database_id)
order_line/name,
order_line/product_id/id,    (=xml id)
order_line/price_unit,
order_line/product_uom_qty,
order_line/product_uom/id    (=xml_id)

name_get(cr, user, ids, context=None)

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user (integer) -- current user id ids -- list of ids context (dictionary) -- context arguments, like lang, time zone
Returns:	tuples with the text representation of requested objects for to-many relationships

name_search(cr, user, name='', args=None, operator='ilike', context=None, limit=100)

Search for records and their display names according to a search domain.

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id name -- object name to search args -- list of tuples specifying search criteria [('field_name', 'operator', 'value'), ...] operator -- operator for search criterion context (dictionary) -- context arguments, like lang, time zone limit -- optional max number of records to return
Returns:	list of object names matching the search criteria, used to provide completion for to-many relationships

This method is equivalent of search() on name + name_get() on
the result. See search() for
an explanation of the possible values for the search domain specified in args.

perm_read(cr, user, ids, context=None, details=True)

Returns some metadata about the given records.

Parameters:	details -- if True, *_uid fields are replaced with the name of the user
Returns:	list of ownership dictionaries for each requested record
Return type:	list of dictionaries with the following keys: id: object id create_uid: user who created the record create_date: date when the record was created write_uid: last user who changed the record write_date: date of the last change to the record xmlid: XML ID to use to refer to this record (if there is one), in format module.name

read_group(cr, uid, domain, fields, groupby, offset=0, limit=None, context=None, orderby=False)

Get the list of records in list view grouped by the given groupby fields

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor uid -- current user id domain -- list specifying search criteria [['field_name', 'operator', 'value'], ...] fields -- list of fields present in the list view specified on the object groupby -- list of fields on which to groupby the records offset -- optional number of records to skip limit -- optional max number of records to return context -- context arguments, like lang, time zone order -- optional order by specification, for overriding the natural sort ordering of the groups, see also search() (supported only for many2one fields currently)
Returns:	list of dictionaries(one dictionary for each record) containing: the values of fields grouped by the fields in groupby argument __domain: list of tuples specifying the search criteria __context: dictionary with argument like groupby
Return type:	[{'field_name_1': value, ...]
Raises AccessError:
	if user has no read rights on the requested object if user tries to bypass access rules for read on the requested object

search(cr, user, args, offset=0, limit=None, order=None, context=None, count=False)

Search for records based on a search domain.

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user -- current user id args -- list of tuples specifying the search domain [('field_name', 'operator', value), ...]. Pass an empty list to match all records. offset -- optional number of results to skip in the returned values (default: 0) limit -- optional max number of records to return (default: None) order -- optional columns to sort by (default: self._order=id ) context (dictionary) -- optional context arguments, like lang, time zone count -- optional (default: False), if True, returns only the number of records matching the criteria, not their ids
Returns:	id or list of ids of records matching the criteria
Return type:	integer or list of integers
Raises AccessError:
	if user tries to bypass access rules for read on the requested object.

Expressing a search domain (args)

Each tuple in the search domain needs to have 3 elements, in the form: ('field_name', 'operator', value), where:

field_name must be a valid name of field of the object model, possibly following many-to-one relationships using dot-notation, e.g 'street' or 'partner_id.country' are valid values.

operator must be a string with a valid comparison operator from this list: =,!=, >, >=, <, <=, like, ilike, in, not in, child_of, parent_left, parent_rightThe
semantics of most of these operators are obvious. The child_ofoperator will look for records who
are children or grand-children of a given record, according to the semantics of this model (i.e following the relationship field named by self._parent_name,
by default parent_id.

value must be a valid value to compare with the values of field_name, depending on its type.

Domain criteria can be combined using 3 logical operators than can be added between tuples: '&' (logical AND, default), '|' (logical OR), '!' (logical NOT). These are prefix operators
and the arity of the '&' and '|' operator is 2, while the arity of the '!' is just 1. Be very careful about this when you combine them the first time.

Here is an example of searching for Partners named ABC from Belgium and Germany whose language is not english

[('name','=','ABC'),'!',('language.code','=','en_US'),'|',('country_id.code','=','be'),('country_id.code','=','de'))

The '&' is omitted as it is the default, and of course we could have used '!=' for the language, but what this domain really represents is:

(name is 'ABC' AND (language is NOT english) AND (country is Belgium OR Germany))

unlink(cr, uid, ids, context=None)

Delete records with given ids

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor uid -- current user id ids -- id or list of ids context -- (optional) context arguments, like lang, time zone
Returns:	True
Raises:	AccessError -- if user has no unlink rights on the requested object if user tries to bypass access rules for unlink on the requested object UserError -- if the record is default property for other records

view_init(cr, uid, fields_list, context=None)

Override this method to do specific things when a view on the object is opened.

write(cr, user, ids, vals, context=None)

Update records with given ids with the given field values

Parameters:	cr -- database cursor user (integer) -- current user id ids -- object id or list of object ids to update according to vals vals (dictionary) -- field values to update, e.g {'field_name': new_field_value, ...} context (dictionary) -- (optional) context arguments, e.g. {'lang': 'en_us', 'tz': 'UTC', ...}
Returns:	True
Raises:	AccessError -- if user has no write rights on the requested object if user tries to bypass access rules for write on the requested object ValidateError -- if user tries to enter invalid value for a field that is not in selection UserError -- if a loop would be created in a hierarchy of objects a result of the operation (such as setting an object as its own parent)

Note: The type of field values to pass in vals for relationship fields is specific:

For a many2many field, a list of tuples is expected. Here is the list of tuple that are accepted, with the corresponding semantics

(0, 0,  { values })    link to a new record that needs to be created with the given values dictionary
(1, ID, { values })    update the linked record with id = ID (write *values* on it)
(2, ID)                remove and delete the linked record with id = ID (calls unlink on ID, that will delete the object completely, and the link to it as well)
(3, ID)                cut the link to the linked record with id = ID (delete the relationship between the two objects but does not delete the target object itself)
(4, ID)                link to existing record with id = ID (adds a relationship)
(5)                    unlink all (like using (3,ID) for all linked records)
(6, 0, [IDs])          replace the list of linked IDs (like using (5) then (4,ID) for each ID in the list of IDs)

Example:
[(6, 0, [8, 5, 6, 4])] sets the many2many to ids [8, 5, 6, 4]

For a one2many field, a lits of tuples is expected. Here is the list of tuple that are accepted, with the corresponding semantics

(0, 0,  { values })    link to a new record that needs to be created with the given values dictionary
(1, ID, { values })    update the linked record with id = ID (write *values* on it)
(2, ID)                remove and delete the linked record with id = ID (calls unlink on ID, that will delete the object completely, and the link to it as well)

Example:
[(0, 0, {'field_name':field_value_record1, ...}), (0, 0, {'field_name':field_value_record2, ...})]

For a many2one field, simply use the ID of target record, which must already exist, or False to remove
the link.

For a reference field, use a string with the model name, a comma, and the target object id (example: 'product.product, 5')