模块sys

>>> sys.exit()

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys

print(sys.argv)
print(sys.argv[0])
print(sys.argv[1])
print(sys.argv[2])

$ python3 test.py arg1 arg2
['test.py', 'arg1', 'arg2']
test.py
arg1
arg2

>>> sys.path
['', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python35.zip', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/plat-darwin', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload', '/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.5/lib/python3.5/site-packages']

>>> import sys
>>> sys.platform
'linux2'