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android JSON详解

2016-05-01 19:23 507 查看

引言：

21世纪是一个信息时代，更是一个网络全球化的时代，随着科学技术的发展近几年android手机越来越普及到每一个人，每一个家庭，随着移动互联网和智能家居的兴起，android手机的变得更加强大，更加方便，也更加完善。越来越多的App不光是需要和网络服务器进行数据传输和交互，也需要和其他 App 进行数据传递。承担App与网络来进行传输和存储数据的一般是XML或者JSON。在软件通信领域中XML和JSON扮演重要角。

最近一段时间，小编综合了之前在项目中对JSON的一些了解，参考了一些相关资料，把自己的一些思考融入了这篇总结文档中，同事尝试用通俗诙谐的语言风格来阐述，期望能给感兴趣的读者带来帮助。

为了不和时代落伍，我们必须积极响应和号召党的领导，所以必须要学习 JSON数据的解析和存储，其实很Easy的。

一、JSON

1.1、JSON是什么？

JSON：如果你搞过网站肯定知道JavaScript这个脚本语言,没搞过也没关系，小编也没搞过网站，JavaScript对象表示法(JavaScript Object Notation）, 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式, 易于人阅读和编写, 同时也易于机器解析和生成。

JSON是存储和交换文本信息的语法，类似XML。

JSON采用完全独立于语言的文本格式，但是也使用了类似于C语言家族的习惯（包括C, C++, C#, Java, JavaScript, Perl, Python等）。这些特性使JSON成为理想的数据交换语

1.2 、JSON格式

JSON构建于两种结构：

1.“名称/值”对的集合(A collection of name/value pairs)。不同的语言中，它被理解为对象（object），纪录（record），结构(struct)，字典(dictionary)，哈希表（hash table），有键列表(keyed list)，或者关联数组(associative array)。

2.值的有序列表(An ordered list of values)。在大多数语言中，它被理解为数组(array)、矢量(vector), 列表(list)或者是序列(sequence)。

JSON具有以下这些形式：

1.简单的一个 { ，，，，}。

2.里面有数组 { , [{,,},{,,}],}。

3.直接一个数组。

4.数组里有数组。

5.其他情况？没有吧，除非json数据不规范。

1.3、解析json数据常用方法

包括JSONObject、JSONArray、JSONStringer、JSONTokener、JSONWriter、JSONEx。

二、JSON解析

前面讲了那么多废话其实也是必须的“毕竟十万个为什么吗“，咱们今天主要讲JSON数据格式的解析，在这呢小编先给大家看一个咱们经常用到的JSON格式的数据，这是聚合官网中“全国天气预报”请求返回的数据格式，格式稍微有点复杂不过也是我们在项目中经常用到的JSON格式，大家都清楚JSON格式的数据是由对象和数组两者结合起来的，再怎么复杂也只有这两种的结合。

JSON数据样式：

{
"resultcode":"200",
"reason":"successed!",
"result":{
"sk":{
"temp":"30",
"wind_direction":"南风",
"wind_strength":"3级",
"humidity":"25%",
"time":"14:26"
},
"today":{
"temperature":"13℃~31℃",
"weather":"小雨",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"07",
"fb":"07"
},
"wind":"微风",
"week":"星期日",
"city":"太原",
"date_y":"2016年05月01日",
"dressing_index":"热",
"dressing_advice":"天气热，建议着短裙、短裤、短薄外套、T恤等夏季服装。",
"uv_index":"弱",
"comfort_index":"",
"wash_index":"不宜",
"travel_index":"较不宜",
"exercise_index":"较不宜",
"drying_index":""
},
"future":{
"day_20160501":{
"temperature":"13℃~31℃",
"weather":"小雨",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"07",
"fb":"07"
},
"wind":"微风",
"week":"星期日",
"date":"20160501"
},
"day_20160502":{
"temperature":"8℃~22℃",
"weather":"多云转晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"01",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"西北风4-5 级",
"week":"星期一",
"date":"20160502"
},
"day_20160503":{
"temperature":"9℃~24℃",
"weather":"晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"00",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"西北风3-4 级",
"week":"星期二",
"date":"20160503"
},
"day_20160504":{
"temperature":"14℃~30℃",
"weather":"晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"00",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"北风微风",
"week":"星期三",
"date":"20160504"
},
"day_20160505":{
"temperature":"9℃~25℃",
"weather":"多云转晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"01",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"微风",
"week":"星期四",
"date":"20160505"
},
"day_20160506":{
"temperature":"9℃~24℃",
"weather":"晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"00",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"西北风3-4 级",
"week":"星期五",
"date":"20160506"
},
"day_20160507":{
"temperature":"9℃~24℃",
"weather":"晴",
"weather_id":{
"fa":"00",
"fb":"00"
},
"wind":"西北风3-4 级",
"week":"星期六",
"date":"20160507"
}
}
},
"error_code":0
}

详细解析：

/**

* 解析当前天气状况信息

* @param responseString

*/

public void split_SK(String responseString){

// 保存服务器请求回来的数据
m_Result_Sk_Response_String = responseString;
// 如果请求回来的数据不为null，进行相应的操作转换
if(m_Result_Sk_Response_String!=null){

// 将请求回来的字符串进行转换，转换成数组格式的
m_JsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Sk_Response_String);
// 获取返回状态码
m_Result_Sk_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("resultcode");
// 如果状态码是200说明返回数据成功
if((m_Result_Sk_Response_String != null) && m_Result_Sk_Response_String.equals("200")){

// 得到键"result"中的 所有数据
m_Result_Sk_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("result");
m_JsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Sk_Response_String);
// 此时result中数据有多个key,可以对其key进行遍历,得到某个属性
m_Result_Sk_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("sk");
m_JSONObject_Sk = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Sk_Response_String);
Log.i("33333333", ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,");

Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = m_JSONObject_Sk;
msg.what = 0x01;
m_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase.getM_My_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase().sendMessage(msg);
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "请求数据失败！！！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "服务器无响应！！！", T    oast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

}

/**

* 解析今天天气状况信息

* @param responseString

*/

public void split_Today(String responseString){

// 保存服务器请求回来的数据
m_Result_Today_Response_String = responseString;
// 如果请求回来的数据不为null，进行相应的操作转换
if(m_Result_Today_Response_String!=null){
// 将请求回来的字符串进行转换，转换成数组格式的
m_JsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Today_Response_String);
// 获取返回状态码
m_Result_Today_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("resultcode");
// 如果状态码是200说明返回数据成功
if((m_Result_Today_Response_String != null) && m_Result_Today_Response_String.equals("200")){
// 得到键"result"中的 所有数据
m_Result_Today_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("result");
m_JsonObject=JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Today_Response_String);
// 今日温度对应的key是today
m_Result_Today_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("today");
Log.i("fafadafasf", m_Result_Today_Response_String);
m_JSONObject_Today = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Today_Response_String);

Log.i("2323232323", m_Result_Today_Response_String);
Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = m_JSONObject_Today;
msg.what = 0x02;
m_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase.getM_My_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase().sendMessage(msg);
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "请求数据失败！！！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "服务器无响应！！！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}

}

/**

* 解析未来七天天气状况信息

* @param responseString

*/

public void split_Future(String responseString){

// 保存服务器请求回来的数据
m_Result_Future_Response_String = responseString;
// 如果请求回来的数据不为null，进行相应的操作转换
if(m_Result_Future_Response_String!=null){
// 将请求回来的字符串进行转换，转换成数组格式的
m_JsonObject = JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Future_Response_String);
// 获取返回状态码
m_Result_Future_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("resultcode");
// 如果状态码是200说明返回数据成功
if((m_Result_Future_Response_String != null) && m_Result_Future_Response_String.equals("200")){
// 得到键"result"中的 所有数据
m_Result_Future_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("result");
m_JsonObject=JSONObject.fromObject(m_Result_Future_Response_String);
// 今日温度对应的key是today
m_Result_Future_Response_String = m_JsonObject.getString("future");
m_JSONArray_Future = JSONArray.fromObject(m_Result_Future_Response_String);

Message msg = new Message();
msg.obj = m_JSONArray_Future;
msg.what = 0x03;
m_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase.getM_My_Weather_Response_String_To_DateBase().sendMessage(msg);
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "请求数据失败！！！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}else{

Toast.makeText(m_Context, "服务器无响应！！！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
}数组或对象内容进行详细解析：
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
switch(msg.what){
case 0x01:{

m_JSONObject_Sk_Info = (JSONObject) msg.obj;
m_Weather_Current_States_Class = new Weather_Current_States_Class();
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_City_Name(m_City_Name);
Log.i("fafadfddddd", m_Weather_Current_States_Class.getM_City_Name());
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_Temp(m_JSONObject_Sk_Info.getString("temp"));
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_Wind_Direction(m_JSONObject_Sk_Info.getString("wind_direction"));
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_Wind_Strength(m_JSONObject_Sk_Info.getString("wind_strength"));
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_Humidity(m_JSONObject_Sk_Info.getString("humidity"));
m_Weather_Current_States_Class.setM_Time(m_JSONObject_Sk_Info.getString("time"));
m_Weather_Current_States_Class_List.add(m_Weather_Current_States_Class);

m_Mgr.create_Weather_Sk_Info_Table();
m_Weather_Current_States_Class_ListBack = m_Mgr.query_Weather_Sk_Info("weather_sk_info");
if(m_Weather_Current_States_Class_ListBack.size() == 0){

Log.i("m_Weather_Sk_Query_Info.size()", "update_Weather_Sk_Info");
m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Sk_Info(m_Weather_Current_States_Class_List);
}else{

for(int i = 0; i < m_Weather_Current_States_Class_ListBack.size(); i++){

if(m_Weather_Current_States_Class_ListBack.get(i).getM_City_Name().equals(m_City_Name)){

m_Mgr.update_Weather_Sk_Info(m_Weather_Current_States_Class_List, "weather_sk_info");
isQural = true;
break;
}else{

isQural = false;
}
}
if(isQural == false){

Log.i("fafasdafadf", "????????????????????????");
m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Sk_Info(m_Weather_Current_States_Class_List);
}
}

break;
}
case 0x02:{

m_JSONObject_Today_Info = (JSONObject) msg.obj;
m_Weather_Today_States_Class = new Weather_Today_States_Class();
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Temperature(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("temperature"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Weather_States(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("weather"));
m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info = JSONObject.fromObject(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("weather_id"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.getM_Weather_Id().setM_Weather_Fa(m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info.getString("fa"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.getM_Weather_Id().setM_Weather_Fb(m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info.getString("fb"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Wind(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("wind"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Week(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("week"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_City(m_City_Name);
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Date_Y(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("date_y"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Dressing_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("dressing_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Dressing_Advice(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("dressing_advice"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Uv_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("uv_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Comfort_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("comfort_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Wash_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("wash_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Travel_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("travel_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Exercise_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("exercise_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class.setM_Drying_Index(m_JSONObject_Today_Info.getString("drying_index"));
m_Weather_Today_States_Class_List.add(m_Weather_Today_States_Class);

m_Mgr.create_Weather_Today_Info_Table();
m_Weather_Today_States_class_ListBack = m_Mgr.query_Weather_Today_Info("weather_today_info");

if(m_Weather_Today_States_class_ListBack.size() == 0){

m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Today_Info(m_Weather_Today_States_Class_List);
}else{

for(int i = 0; i < m_Weather_Today_States_class_ListBack.size(); i++){

if(m_Weather_Today_States_class_ListBack.get(i).getM_City().equals(m_City_Name)){

m_Mgr.update_Weather_Today_Info(m_Weather_Today_States_Class_List, "weather_today_info");
isQural = true;
break;
}else{

isQural = false;
}
}
if(isQural == false){

Log.i("fafasdafadf", "????????????????????????");
m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Today_Info(m_Weather_Today_States_Class_List);
}
}

break;
}
case 0x03:{

m_JSONArray_Future_Info = (JSONArray) msg.obj;
int m_Future_Weather_City_ID = 0;
for(Object object:m_JSONArray_Future_Info){//遍历数组

m_JSONObject_Future_Info = JSONObject.fromObject(object.toString());
m_Weather_Future_States_Class = new Weather_Future_States_Class();
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_City_Id(m_Future_Weather_City_ID);
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_City_Name(m_City_Name);
Log.i(">>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>???????", m_Weather_Future_States_Class.getM_City_Name());
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_Temperature(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("temperature"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_Weather(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("weather"));
m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info = JSONObject.fromObject(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("weather_id"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.getM_Weather_Id().setM_Weather_Fa(m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info.getString("fa"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.getM_Weather_Id().setM_Weather_Fb(m_JSONObject_Weather_Id_Info.getString("fb"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_Wind(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("wind"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_Week(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("week"));
m_Weather_Future_States_Class.setM_Date(m_JSONObject_Future_Info.getString("date"));
Log.i(">>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<>>>>>>>???????", m_Weather_Future_States_Class.getM_Date());
Log.i(">>>>>>><<<<<<<<<<<", m_Future_Weather_City_ID+"");
m_Future_Weather_City_ID++;
m_Weather_Future_States_Class_List.add(m_Weather_Future_States_Class);
}

m_Mgr.create_Weather_Future_Info_Table();
m_Weather_Future_States_Class_ListBack = m_Mgr.query_Weather_Future_Info("weather_future_info", m_City_Name);

if(m_Weather_Future_States_Class_ListBack.size() == 0){

m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Future_Info(m_Weather_Future_States_Class_List);
}else{

for(m_Future_Weather_City_ID = 0; m_Future_Weather_City_ID < m_Weather_Future_States_Class_ListBack.size(); m_Future_Weather_City_ID=m_Future_Weather_City_ID+7){
Log.i("fafasdafadf", "????????????????????????");

if(m_Weather_Future_States_Class_ListBack.get(m_Future_Weather_City_ID).getM_City_Name().equals(m_City_Name)){
Log.i"ffasdafadf", "????????????????????????");
m_Mgr.update_Weather_Future_Info(m_Weather_Future_States_Class_List, "weather_future_info");

break;
}else{

isQural = false;
}
}
if(isQural == false){

m_Mgr.insert_Weather_Future_Info(m_Weather_Future_States_Class_List);
}
}

break;
}

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