Python核心编程 第七章练习

7_3

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

if __name__ == "__main__":
dct = dict(zip(["emxample", "port"], ['7_3', 80]))
sorted_dct = sorted(dct)
print sorted_dct
print "the sorted keys and values are: "
for i in sorted(dct):
print "the key %s is %s" %(i, dct[i])

7_4

这道题无非就是考察一下zip函数的使用，越发觉得python的zip函数功能强大了

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

lst1 = range(1, 4)
lst2 = ['abc', 'def', 'ghi']
print "list1 is %s, list 2 is %s" %(lst1, lst2)
dct = dict(zip(lst1, lst2))
print "the dict is %s" %dct

7_5

这个地方我花了比较久的时间，因为需要摸一边Tkinter的功能，我博主是第一次在python上接触GUI的操作，想想还有点小激动呢。

Tkinter的教程我找到的都不算很全，google了几篇文章，基本上是教授基本功能的，本来想通过几个窗口的调用来实现这个功能，后来发觉这个地方用力过猛，反而不是正道，于是就用窗口加命令行的方式暂且实现了这个题目的要求（为了找理由我也是蛮拼）。关于Tkinter的介绍我参考的是廖雪峰的python教程。链接： http://www.liaoxuefeng.com/wiki/001374738125095c955c1e6d8bb493182103fac9270762a000/0013868326118089581a091a04e4c30b2b7896392bdde5c000

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

import datetime, crypt, tkMessageBox, string
from Tkinter import *

db = {}
def newuser(name, pwd):
prompt = 'login desired: '
availableChar = string.lowercase + string.uppercase
while True:
bNotAvail = False
if name in db:
prompt = 'name taken, try another: '
continue
for i in name:
if i not in availableChar:
prompt = 'name not available, try another: '
bNotAvail = True
break
if bNotAvail:
continue
break
tme = datetime.datetime.now()
cryptpwd = crypt.crypt(pwd, name)
db[name] = [cryptpwd, tme]

def olduser(name, pwd):
lst = db.get(name)
if lst:
passwd = lst[0]
timeOflst = lst[1]
tme = datetime.datetime.now()
cryptpwd = crypt.crypt(pwd, name)
if passwd == cryptpwd:
print 'welcome back', name
timedelta = tme - timeOflst
if timedelta.total_seconds()/3600 < 4:
print "You already logged in at: %s" %tme.strftime("%Y/%m/%d %X")
lst[1] = tme
return
print 'login incorrect'

def loginuser():
name = raw_input('login: ')
pwd = raw_input('passwd: ')
if name not in db:
isNew = raw_input("Are you a new user:(Y/N) ").split()[0].lower()
if isNew == 'y':
newuser(name, pwd)
olduser(name, pwd)

def showuser():
print "the list of user : password is: "
for i in db:
print "%s : %s" %(i, db[i])

def deleteuser():
user = raw_input("input a user to delete: ")
if user in db:
del db[user]
else:
print "the user doesn't exist!"

class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
self.master = Tk()
self.master.title('Login System')
self.master.geometry('400x200')
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack()
self.createWidgets()

def createWidgets(self):
self.signButton = Button(self, text = 'User Login',
command = loginuser)
self.signButton.pack()
self.showButton = Button(self, text = 'Show all users',
command = showuser)
self.showButton.pack()
self.deleteButton = Button(self, text = 'Detete user',
command = deleteuser)
self.deleteButton.pack()
self.quitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',
command = self.quit)
self.quitButton.pack()

if __name__ == "__main__":
app = Application()
app.mainloop()

7_6

恩，刚刚学会简单的Txinter，拿出来显摆一下才不至于忘记。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

from Tkinter import *

stock = dict()

def AddStock():
pr = "type the stock, share, purchase price, current price: \n"
messagelst = raw_input(pr).strip().split()
stockName = messagelst[0]
del messagelst[0]
stock[stockName] = messagelst

def ShowStock():
sortedkey = sorted(stock)
for i in sortedkey:
print i, ' : ', stock[i]

class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
self.master = Tk()
self.master.title('Stock System')
self.master.geometry('400x200')
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack()
self.createWidgets()

def createWidgets(self):
self.addBtn = Button(self, text = "Add stock",
command = AddStock)
self.showBtn = Button(self, text = "Show stock",
command = ShowStock)
self.quitBtn = Button(self, text = "Quit",
command = self.quit)
self.addBtn.pack()
self.showBtn.pack()
self.quitBtn.pack()

if __name__ == '__main__':
app = Application()
app = mainloop()

7_7

用zip就是这么自信。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

if __name__ == "__main__":
dct1 = dict(([1, 10], [2, 20], [3, 30], [4, 40], [5, 50], [6, 60]))
print dct1
dct2 = dict(zip(dct1.values(), dct1.keys()))
print dct2

7_8

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

from Tkinter import *

personnel = dict()

class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
self.master = Tk()
self.master.title('Personnel')
self.master.geometry('400x300')
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack()
self.createWidgets()

def createWidgets(self):
self.InputButton = Button(self, text = 'Input information',
command = inputInfo)
self.OutputButton = Button(self, text = 'Output information',
command = outputInfo)
self.quitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',
command = self.quit)
self.InputButton.pack()
self.OutputButton.pack()
self.quitButton.pack()

def inputInfo():
strInfo = raw_input('Please input information Number,Name: ')
lstInfo = strInfo.strip().split(',')
personnel[lstInfo[0]] = lstInfo[1]

def outputInfo():
pr = '''(I)D
(N)ame
(Q)uit

Please select the order you use: '''

while True:
try:
choice = raw_input(pr).strip()[0].lower()
except(EOFError, KeyboardInterrupt):
choice = 'q'
print "\nYou picked: [%s]" %choice
if choice not in 'inq':
print "Please choose the right choice"
continue
break
if choice == 'q':
return
if choice == 'i':
for i in sorted(personnel):
print i, '  ', personnel[i]
else:
x = personnel.keys()
y = personnel.values()
personnel1 = dict(zip(y,x))
for i in sorted(personnel1):
print i, ' ', personnel1[i]

if __name__ == "__main__":
app = Application()
app.mainloop()

7_9

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

def tr(srcstr, dststr, string):
#we use the low_string to find all kinds of srcstr(capital or not)
len_string = min(len(srcstr), len(dststr))
print "The original src is", srcstr
srcstr = srcstr[:len_string]
dststr = dststr[:len_string]
print "after src is: ", srcstr
low_string = string.lower()
#we use list 'cause list is hashable
lst_string = list(string)
low_srcstr = srcstr.lower()
#encode_dct stored 2 types of code
encode_dct = dict(([srcstr.lower(), dststr.lower()],
[srcstr.upper(), dststr.upper()]))
index = 0
#len_string is the length of the minimum srcstr and dststr
#also it's the length of the dict
while True:
index = low_string.find(low_srcstr, index)
if index is -1:
break
for i in range(len_string):
if lst_string[index+i] == srcstr.lower()[i]:
lst_string[index+i] = dststr.lower()[i]
else:
lst_string[index+i] = dststr.upper()[i]
#update the low_string
low_string = low_string.replace(srcstr.lower(),
dststr.upper(), 1)
return ('').join(lst_string)

if __name__ == '__main__':
ori_string = 'abckedabcdefa'
print 'the original string is %s' %ori_string
deststring = tr('abcde', 'mnf', ori_string)
print 'the destination string is %s' %deststring

7_10

#!/usr/bin/env python
# encoding: utf-8

import string
def rot13(strToEncode):
availChr = string.lowercase +string.uppercase
lstToEncode = list(strToEncode)
for i in range(len(lstToEncode)):
if strToEncode[i] in string.lowercase:
iOrd = ord(lstToEncode[i]) - ord('a')
iOrd = (iOrd+13)%26 + ord('a')
lstToEncode[i] = chr(iOrd)
elif strToEncode[i] in string.uppercase:
iOrd = ord(lstToEncode[i]) - ord('A')
iOrd = (iOrd+13)%26 + ord('A')
lstToEncode[i] = chr(iOrd)
strEncoded = ('').join(lstToEncode)
print strEncoded
return strEncoded

rot13('I am Trying to wirte a code')

7_13

在这期间重装了无数回Ubuntu，因为旧的系统用的是windows和Ubuntu一起用，当时是用wubi.exe进行安装的，只能分出30G，我整来整去，把30G的内存弄得快要塞满了。心想，自己也不怎么用windows了，干脆弄了纯Ubuntu的吧，没想到弄了这么久。

安装好之后，运行这个程序，竟然显示没有Tkinter的库，明明说好的是python自带的呀？于是查了一下，重新安装Tkinter之后，成功运行。在此之外，还查到Tkinter在python3中改名为tkinter。穿了马甲python就可能不认识它了，所以import时，最好加上一个异常处理。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
try:
from Tkinter import *
except ImportError:
#for python3
from tkinter import *
import random

class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
self.master = Tk()
self.master.title('RandomNumber')
self.master.geometry('400x300')
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack()
self.createWidgets()

def createWidgets(self):
self.AddButton = Button(self, text = 'Click to add numbers',
command = AddNumber)
self.QuitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',
command = self.quit)
self.AddButton.pack()
self.QuitButton.pack()

A = set()
B = set()
def AddNumber():
a = random.randrange(0, 10)
b = random.randrange(0, 10)
A.add(a)
B.add(b)
print 'A is: ', A
print 'B is: ', B
print 'A|B is: ', A|B
print 'A&B is: ', A&B

if __name__ == '__main__':
app = Application()
app.mainloop()

7_14

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
try:
from Tkinter import *
except ImportError:
#for python3
from tkinter import *
import random

class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
self.master = Tk()
self.master.title('RandomNumber')
self.master.geometry('400x300')
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.pack()
self.createWidgets()

def createWidgets(self):
self.AddButton = Button(self, text = 'Click to add numbers',
command = AddNumber)
self.CertifyButton = Button(self, text = 'Test the result',
command = TestNumber)
self.QuitButton = Button(self, text = 'Quit',
command = self.quit)
self.AddButton.pack()
self.CertifyButton.pack()
self.QuitButton.pack()

A = set()
B = set()
def AddNumber():
a = random.randrange(0, 10)
b = random.randrange(0, 10)
A.add(a)
B.add(b)
print 'A is: ', A
print 'B is: ', B

def TestNumber():
for i in range(3):
AandB = raw_input("Please input A&B: ")
AorB = raw_input("Please input A|B: ")
lstAandB = AandB.split()
lstNumAandB = [int(i) for i in lstAandB]
setAandB = set(lstNumAandB)
lstAorB = AorB.split()
lstNumAorB = [int(i) for i in lstAorB]
setAorB = set(lstNumAorB)
if(setAandB == A&B and setAorB == A|B):
print 'The answer is right!'
else:
print 'The answer is wrong! Please reanswer again.'

if __name__ == '__main__':
app = Application()
app.mainloop()

7_16

这道题目没找到思路，等学到后面，会了之后，回头来做。