Linux 下面设置JavaCLASSPATH变量

摘要: Linux 下面设置JavaCLASSPATH变量

Linux 下面设置JavaCLASSPATH变量

设置了classpath 将会让程序执行的更快

export PATH="$JAVA_HOME/bin:"$PATH
export FILE_HOME=/root/test
echo $FILE_HOME
export CLASSPATH=.:$FILE_HOME/axis-1.4.jar:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/rt.jar:$FILE_HOME/axis-jaxrpc-1.4.jar:$FILE_HOME/axis-saaj-1.4.jar:$FILE_HOME/axis-wsdl4j-1.5.1.jar:$FILE_HOME/log4j-1.2.16.jar:$FILE_HOME/commons-logging-1.1.1.jar:$FILE_HOME/commons-discovery-0.2.jar
javac $FILE_HOME/TestTogate.java
java  -cp $CLASSPATH -Dcatalina.home="$FILE_HOME" TestTogate

除了把需要的jar都一一列举之外，还可以考虑使用通配符。

例如如下结构：

Now, suppose the program uses a supporting library enclosed in a Jar file called supportLib.jar, physically in the directory D:\myprogram\lib\.

The corresponding physical file structure is :

D:\myprogram\
|
---> lib\
|
---> supportLib.jar
|
---> org\
|
--> mypackage\
|
---> HelloWorld.class
---> SupportClass.class
---> UtilClass.class

We should use the following command-line option:

java -classpath D:\myprogram;D:\myprogram\lib\supportLib.jar org.mypackage.HelloWorld

or alternatively:

set CLASSPATH=D:\myprogram;D:\myprogram\lib\supportLib.jar
java org.mypackage.HelloWorld

或者

java -classpath D:\myprogram;D:\myprogram\lib\* org.mypackage.HelloWorld

可能有很多人想不明白，我直接写成如下不就可以了吗？

java -classpath D:\myprogram\*;D:\myprogram\lib\* org.mypackage.HelloWorld

可是事实证明这样写并不可以。

为什么呢？官方文档上面这样说

Class Path Wild Cards

Class path entries can contain the base name wildcard character (*), which is considered equivalent to specifying a list of all of the files in the directory with the extension

.jar

or

.JAR

. For example, the class path entry

mydir/*

specifies all JAR files in the directory named

mydir

. A class path entry consisting of * expands to a list of all the jar files in the current directory. Files are considered regardless of whether they are hidden (have names beginning with '.').

A class path entry that contains an asterisk (*) does not match class files. To match both classes and JAR files in a single directory

mydir

, use either

mydir:mydir/*

or

mydir/*:mydir

. The order chosen determines whether the classes and resources in

mydir

are loaded before JAR files in

mydir

or vice versa.

Subdirectories are not searched recursively. For example,

mydir/*

searches for JAR files only in

mydir

, not in

mydir/subdir1

,

mydir/subdir2

, and so on.

The order in which the JAR files in a directory are enumerated in the expanded class path is not specified and may vary from platform to platform and even from moment to moment on the same machine. A well-constructed application should not depend upon any particular order. If a specific order is required, then the JAR files can be enumerated explicitly in the class path.

Expansion of wild cards is done early, before the invocation of a program's main method, rather than late, during the class-loading process. Each element of the input class path that contains a wildcard is replaced by the (possibly empty) sequence of elements generated by enumerating the JAR files in the named directory. For example, if the directory

mydir

contains a.jar, b.jar, and c.jar, then the class path

mydir/*

is expanded into

mydir/a.jar:mydir/b.jar:mydir/c.jar

, and that string would be the value of the system property java.class.path.

The

CLASSPATH

environment variable is not treated any differently from the

-classpath

or

-cp

options. Wild cards are honored in all of these cases. However, class path wild cards are not honored in the Class-Path jar-manifest header.

参考博文：

https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/tools/windows/classpath.html

http://blog.csdn.net/bluishglc/article/details/9972951