[Study Notes][002][gstreamer] 的环境变量设定

Running GStreamer Applications Running GStreamer Applications — How to run and debug your GStreamer application

Running and debugging GStreamer Applications

Environment variables

GStreamer inspects a few of environment variables in addition to standard variables like 

LANG

, 

PATH

 or 

HOME

.

GST_PLUGIN_SYSTEM_PATH

, 

GST_PLUGIN_SYSTEM_PATH_1_0

.  This
environment variable can be set to a colon-separated list of paths. If this variable is not set, GStreamer will fill in this list for you with

plug-ins in the user's home directory, or rather the user's "data home" directory according to the xdg base dir specification. Usually this will be a directory called 

plugins

 inside
the 

.local/share/.gstreamer-1.0

 directory in the user's home directory by default, though this search path may change if the XDG_DATA_HOME environment variable
is set.

plug-ins installed system-wide. On this system, they are stored in 

/usr/local/lib/gstreamer-1.0

.

GStreamer will scan these paths for GStreamer plug-ins. These plug-ins will be loaded after the plug-ins in the GST_PLUGIN_PATH variable below. The paths are scanned in the given order. This allows a user to override system-installed plug-ins with his own versions.
The GST_PLUGIN_SYSTEM_PATH_1_0 variant is useful if both the old GStreamer 0.10 version and the new GStreamer 1.0 version need to be pointed to new plugin paths. The latter will use the _1_0 variant over the non-versioned one if it is set. Setting this variable
to an empty string will cause GStreamer not to scan any system paths at all for plug-ins. This can be useful if you're running uninstalled (for development purposes) or while running testsuites.

GST_PLUGIN_PATH

, 

GST_PLUGIN_PATH_1_0

.  This
environment variable can be set to a colon-separated list of paths. GStreamer will scan these paths for GStreamer plug-ins. These plug-ins will be loaded in addition to, and before, the plug-ins in the system paths. The GST_PLUGIN_PATH_1_0 variant is useful
if both the old GStreamer 0.10 version and the new GStreamer 1.0 version need to be pointed to new plugin paths. The latter will use the _1_0 variant over the non-versioned one if it is set.

GST_DEBUG

.  If
GStreamer has been configured with 

--enable-gst-debug=yes

, this variable can be set to a list of debug options, which cause GStreamer to print out different types
of debugging information to stderr. The variable takes a comma-separated list of "category_name:level" pairs to set specific levels for the individual categories. The level value ranges from 0 (nothing) to 9 (MEMDUMP).

1 - ERROR	Logs all fatal errors. These are errors that do not allow the core or elements to perform the requested action. The application can still recover if programmed to handle the conditions that triggered the error.
2 - WARNING	Logs all warnings. Typically these are non-fatal, but user-visible problems are expected to happen.
3 - FIXME	Logs all fixme messages. Fixme messages are messages that indicate that something in the executed code path is not fully implemented or handled yet. The purpose of this message is to make it easier to spot incomplete/unfinished pieces of code when reading the debug log.
4 - INFO	Logs all informational messages. These are typically used for events in the system that only happen once, or are important and rare enough to be logged at this level.
5 - DEBUG	Logs all debug messages. These are general debug messages for events that happen only a limited number of times during an object's lifetime; these include setup, teardown, change of parameters, ...
6 -  LOG	Logs all log messages. These are messages for events that happen repeatedly during an object's lifetime; these include streaming and steady-state conditions.
7 - TRACE	Logs all trace messages. These messages for events that happen repeatedly during an object's lifetime such as the ref/unref cycles.
9 - MEMDUMP	Log all memory dump messages. Memory dump messages are used to log (small) chunks of data as memory dumps in the log. They will be displayed as hexdump with ASCII characters.

The category_name can contain "

*"

 as a wildcard. For example, setting 

GST_DEBUG

 to 

GST_AUTOPLUG:6,GST_ELEMENT_*:4

,
will cause the 

GST_AUTOPLUG

 category to be logged at full 

LOG

 level,
while all categories starting with 

GST_ELEMENT_

 will be logged at 

INFO

 level.
To get all possible debug output, set 

GST_DEBUG

 to 

*:9

. For debugging
purposes a 

*:6

 debug log is usually the most useful, as it contains all important information, but hides a lot of noise such as refs/unrefs. For bug reporting
purposes, a 

*:6

 log is also what will be requested usually. It's often also worth running with 

*:3

 to
see if there are any non-fatal errors or warnings that might be related to the problem at hand. Since GStreamer 1.2 it is also possible to specify debug levels by name, e.g. GST_DEBUG=*:WARNING,*audio*:LOG

GST_DEBUG_NO_COLOR

.  Set
this environment variable to any value ("1" typically) to switch off colouring in GST_DEBUG output. This has the same effect as specifying the 

--gst-debug-no-color

 or 

--gst-debug-color-mode

=off
command line option to well-behaved GStreamer applications (ie. those that pass command-line options correctly to GStreamer). This is particularly useful to reduce the size of debug output and also allows for the output to be compressed much better than with
colours turned on. Has the same effect as setting GST_DEBUG_COLOR_MODE environment variable to "off".

GST_DEBUG_COLOR_MODE

.  Set
this environment variable to change log colouring in GST_DEBUG output. Possible values:

on	Enables debug log output coloring. Uses default coloring method for current platform. This is the default.
off	Disables debug log output coloring. This has the same effect as specifying the  --gst-debug-color-mode =off command line option to well-behaved GStreamer applications (ie. those that pass command-line options correctly to GStreamer). This is particularly useful to reduce the size of debug output and also allows for the output to be compressed much better than with colours turned on. Has the same effect as setting GST_DEBUG_NO_COLOR environment variable to any value.
auto	Same as  on .
disable	Same as  off .
unix	Enables debug log output coloring and forces the use of UNIX termial codes for coloring, even if this method is not normally used on current platform. This has the same effect as specifying the  --gst-debug-color-mode =unix command line option to well-behaved GStreamer applications (ie. those that pass command-line options correctly to GStreamer). This is particularly useful to dump debug output into a file on non-UNIX platforms to be sent to developers who have viewers that support UNIX terminal codes.

GST_DEBUG_OPTIONS

.  This
environment variable can be used to tweak the behaviour of the debugging system. Currently the only options supported are "pretty-tags" and "full-tags". In "pretty-tags" mode (the default), taglists in the debug log will be serialized so that only the first
few and last few bytes of a buffer-type tag will be serialized into the log, to avoid dumping hundreds of lines of useless output into the log in case of large image tags and the like.

GST_DEBUG_DUMP_DOT_DIR

.  Set
this environment variable to a path to turn on all #GST_DEBUG_BIN_TO_DOT_FILE or #GST_DEBUG_BIN_TO_DOT_FILE_WITH_TS calls and have the dot files in that location. This will only work if the application in question makes these calls in strategic places (like
when the pipeline state changes or an error occurs). gst-launch-1.0 is one such application. These .dot files can then be turned into images using the 'dot' utility from the graphviz set of tools, like this: dot
foo.dot -Tsvg -o foo.svg or dot
foo.dot -Tpng -o foo.png or dot
foo.dot -Tjpg -o foo.jpg.

GST_REGISTRY

, 

GST_REGISTRY_1_0

.  Set
this environment variable to make GStreamer use a different file for the plugin cache / registry than the default one. This is useful when operating in a separate environment which should not affect the default cache in the user's home directory.

GST_REGISTRY_FORK

.  Set
this environment variable to "no" to prevent GStreamer from forking on startup in order to update the plugin registry. This is useful for debugging purposes, but should not be used under normal circumstances, since it means that plugins may be loaded into
memory even if they are not needed by the application.

GST_REGISTRY_UPDATE

.  Set
this environment variable to "no" to prevent GStreamer from updating the plugin registry. This is useful for embedded device which is not updating the plugins frequently, it will save time when doing gst_init().

GST_TRACE

.  Enable
memory allocation tracing. Most GStreamer objects have support for tracing the number of unfreed objects and their memory pointers. The variable takes a comma-separated list of tracing options to enable.

live	Counts all live objects and dumps an overview of the number of unfreed objects at program exit.
mem-live	Keep track of the unfreed memory pointers and dump an overview of all unfreed memory at program exit. Together with a level 9 debug log this can be used to follow the lifecycle of leaked objects in order to track down where they are leaked. This can be useful for debugging memory leaks in situations where tools such as valgrind are not available, or not an option.

Use 

all

 to enable all tracing flags.

GST_DEBUG_FILE

.  Set
this variable to a file path to redirect all GStreamer debug messages to this file. If left unset, debug messages with be output unto the standard error.

ORC_CODE

.  Useful
Orc environment variable. Set ORC_CODE=debug to enable debuggers such as gdb to create useful backtraces from Orc-generated code. Set ORC_CODE=backup or ORC_CODE=emulate if you suspect Orc's SIMD code generator is producing incorrect code (Quite a few important
GStreamer plugins like videotestsrc, audioconvert or audioresample use Orc). One can also combine flags like ORC_CODE=backup,debug.

G_DEBUG

.  Useful
GLib environment variable. Set G_DEBUG=fatal_warnings to make GStreamer programs abort when a critical warning such as an assertion failure occurs. This is useful if you want to find out which part of the code caused that warning to be triggered and under
what circumstances. Simply set G_DEBUG as mentioned above and run the program in gdb (or let it core dump). Then get a stack trace in the usual way.

G_SLICE

.  Useful
GLib environment variable. Set G_SLICE=always-malloc when running GStreamer programs in valgrind, or debugging memory leaks with other tools. See the GLib API reference for more details.