在Windows和Linux上安装paramiko模块

一、paramiko模块有什么用？

paramiko是用python语言写的一个模块，遵循SSH2协议，支持以加密和认证的方式，进行远程服务器的连接。由于使用的是python这样的能够跨平台运行的语言，所以所有python支持的平台，如Linux,Solaris,BSD,MacOS X,Windows等，paramiko都可以支持，因此，如果需要使用SSH从一个平台连接到另外一个平台，进行一系列的操作时，比如：批量执行命令，批量上传文件等操作，paramiko是最佳工具之一。

目前新的版本,官网在此：
https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko
旧版本在此：
http://www.lag.net/paramiko/legacy.html
要安装新版本paramiko模块需要做以下准备：

1.Python2.5+ 版本（Linux,Unix,Windows都可以）,这里就直接安装Python2.7
下载地址：http://www.python.org

2.PyCrypto 2.1+ 模块（PyCrypto是使用Python编写的加密工具包）
下载地址：https://www.dlitz.net/software/pycrypto/

3.easy_install 工具（是Python安装模块的一个工具，像yum，可以自动解决依赖）

下载地址： http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
如果大家感觉安装paramiko还是略有麻烦的话，当使用到paramiko提供的方便时便会觉得这是十分值得的。

二、Linux上安装paramiko（以CentOS 5.8 32位 为例）

1.查看Python的版本，是否满足要求

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server1

~]# python -V

2.

Python

2.4

.

3

3.

[root

@server1

~]#

Windows上亦是此命令，注意是大写V

是2.4.3版本，需要升级

2.下载安装python2.7

源码安装Python2.7
如果没有gcc没有安装，请先安装好gcc

view sourceprint?

01.

root

@server2

~]# wget http:

//www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/Python-2.7.5.tar.bz2

02.

[root

@server2

~]# tar jxf Python-

2.7

.

5

.tar.bz2

03.

[root

@server2

~]# cd Python-

2.7

.

5

04.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python2.

7

05.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# make && make install

06.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# echo

"PATH=/usr/local/python2.7/bin:$PATH"

>> /etc/profile

07.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# source /etc/profile

08.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# python -V

09.

Python

2.7

.

5

10.

[root

@server2

Python-

2.7

.

5

]# python

11.

Python

2.7

.

5

(

default

,Aug

16

2013

,

07

:

56

:

41

)

12.

[GCC

4.1

.

2

20080704

(Red Hat

4.1

.

2

-

52

)] on linux2

13.

Type

"help"

,

"copyright"

,

"credits"

or

"license"

for

more information.

14.

>>>

至此Python2.7 安装成功

3.安装easy_install 工具

下载该脚本

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server2

~]# wget http:

//peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py

2.

[root

@server2

~]# python ez_setup.py

只需要执行以上命令，即可安装好easy_install 工具

4.安装paramiko模块

使用以下命令，即可安装好paramiko模块

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server2

~]# easy_install paramiko

进入Python导入paramiko一下试试

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server2

~]# python

2.

Python

2.7

.

5

(

default

,Aug

16

2013

,

07

:

56

:

41

)

3.

[GCC

4.1

.

2

20080704

(Red Hat

4.1

.

2

-

52

)] on linux2

4.

Type

"help"

,

"copyright"

,

"credits"

or

"license"

for

more information.

5.

>>>

import

paramiko

6.

/usr/local/python2.

7

/lib/python2.

7

/site-packages/pycrypto-

2.6

-py2.

7

-linux-i686.egg/Crypto/Util/number.py:

57

: PowmInsecureWarning: Not using mpz_powm_sec.  You should rebuild using libgmp >=

5

to avoid timing attack vulnerability.

7.

>>>

导入模块时，如果遇到以上问题,可能是由于gmp版本比较低造成的，gmp是啥，看官网的解释：
GMP is a free library forarbitrary precision arithmetic,operating on signed integers,rational numbers,and floating point numbers.
看样子是跟精度有关系

可以用以下方法解决：
先卸载低版本

view sourceprint?

1.

root

@server2

~]# rpm -qa | grep gmp

2.

gmp-devel-

4.1

.

4

-

10

.el5

3.

gmp-

4.1

.

4

-

10

.el5

4.

[root

@server2

~]# rpm -e gmp-devel-

4.1

.

4

-

10

.el5.i386

5.

[root

@server2

~]# rpm -e gcc-gfortran-

4.1

.

2

-

52

.el5.i386

6.

[root

@server2

~]# rpm -e gmp-

4.1

.

4

-

10

.el5

7.

[root

@server2

~]# ldconfig

8.

[root

@server2

~]#

然后安装高版本的gmp

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server2

~]# wget http:

//ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gmp/gmp-5.1.2.tar.bz2

2.

[root

@server2

~]# tar jxf gmp-

5.1

.

2

.tar.bz2

3.

[root

@server2

~]# cd gmp-

5.1

.

2

4.

[root

@server2

gmp-

5.1

.

2

]# ./configure && make && make install

5.

[root

@server2

gmp-

5.1

.

2

]# echo

"/usr/local/lib"

>> /etc/ld.so.conf

6.

[root

@server2

gmp-

5.1

.

2

]# ldconfig

再次尝试导入paramiko模块：

view sourceprint?

1.

[root

@server2

gmp-

5.1

.

2

]# python

2.

Python

2.7

.

5

(

default

,Aug

16

2013

,

07

:

56

:

41

)

3.

[GCC

4.1

.

2

20080704

(Red Hat

4.1

.

2

-

52

)] on linux2

4.

Type

"help"

,

"copyright"

,

"credits"

or

"license"

for

more information.

5.

>>>

import

paramiko

6.

>>>dir(paramiko)

7.

[

'AUTH_FAILED'

,

'AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL'

,

'AUTH_SUCCESSFUL'

,

'Agent'

,

'AgentKey'

,

'AuthHandler'

,

'AuthenticationException'

,

'AutoAddPolicy'

,

'BadAuthenticationType'

,

'BadHostKeyException'

,

'BaseSFTP'

,

'BufferedFile'

,

'Channel'

,

'ChannelException'

,

'ChannelFile'

,

'DSSKey'

,

'HostKeys'

,

'InteractiveQuery'

,

'Message'

,

'MissingHostKeyPolicy'

,

'OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED'

,

'OPEN_FAILED_CONNECT_FAILED'

,

'OPEN_FAILED_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE'

,

'OPEN_FAILED_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TYPE'

,

'OPEN_SUCCEEDED'

,

'PKey'

,

'Packetizer'

,

'Pass<a href="http://www.it165.net/edu/ebg/" target="_blank" class="keylink">word</a>RequiredException'

,

'ProxyCommand'

,

'ProxyCommandFailure'

,

'RSAKey'

,

'RejectPolicy'

,

'SFTP'

,

'SFTPAttributes'

,

'SFTPClient'

,

'SFTPError'

,

'SFTPFile'

,

'SFTPHandle'

,

'SFTPServer'

,

'SFTPServerInterface'

,

'SFTP_BAD_MESSAGE'

,

'SFTP_CONNECTION_LOST'

,

'SFTP_EOF'

,

'SFTP_FAILURE'

,

'SFTP_NO_CONNECTION'

,

'SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE'

,

'SFTP_OK'

,

'SFTP_OP_UNSUPPORTED'

,

'SFTP_PERMISSION_DENIED'

,

'SSHClient'

,

'SSHConfig'

,

'SSHException'

,

'SecurityOptions'

,

'ServerInterface'

,

'SubsystemHandler'

,

'Transport'

,

'WarningPolicy'

,

'__all__'

,

'__author__'

,

'__builtins__'

,

'__doc__'

,

'__file__'

,

'__license__'

,

'__loader__'

,

'__name__'

,

'__package__'

,

'__path__'

,

'__version__'

,

'agent'

,

'auth_handler'

,

'ber'

,

'buffered_pipe'

,

'channel'

,

'client'

,

'common'

,

'compress'

,

'config'

,

'dsskey'

,

'file'

,

'hostkeys'

,

'io_sleep'

,

'kex_gex'

,

'kex_group1'

,

'message'

,

'packet'

,

'pipe'

,

'pkey'

,

'primes'

,

'proxy'

,

'resource'

,

'rsakey'

,

'server'

,

'sftp'

,

'sftp_attr'

,

'sftp_client'

,

'sftp_file'

,

'sftp_handle'

,

'sftp_server'

,

'sftp_si'

,

'ssh_exception'

,

'sys'

,

'transport'

,

'util'

]

8.

>>>

一切正常，至此paramiko模块在Linux上安装完成

三、Windows7 32上安装paramiko模块

1.下载安装python2.7

用下载工具下载这2个文件 http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.5/python-2.7.5.msi http://peak.telecommunity.com/dist/ez_setup.py
默认安装即可，默认安装路径 C:\Python27，就不演示安装过程了。

安装之后把C:\Python27添加到系统的Path变量里面，然后在命令行下输入python测试一下。

view sourceprint?

1.

C:\Users\TestAA>python

2.

Python

2.7

.

5

(

default

,May 

15

2013

,

22

:

43

:

36

) [MSC v.

1500

32

bit (Intel)] on win32

3.

Type

"help"

,

"copyright"

,

"credits"

or

"license"

for

more information.

4.

>>>

看到以上结果，代表python已经安装成功。

2.安装easy_install工具

view sourceprint?

01.

C:\Users\TestAA\Desktop>python ez_setup.py

02.

Downloading http:

//pypi.python.org/packages/2.7/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11-p

03.

y2.

7

.egg

04.

Processing setuptools-

0

.6c11-py2.

7

.egg

05.

Copying setuptools-

0

.6c11-py2.

7

.egg to c:\python27\lib\site-packages

06.

Adding setuptools

0

.6c11 to easy-install.pth file

07.

Installing easy_install-script.py script to C:\Python27\Scripts

08.

Installing easy_install.exe script to C:\Python27\Scripts

09.

Installing easy_install.exe.manifest script to C:\Python27\Scripts

10.

Installing easy_install-

2.7

-script.py script to C:\Python27\Scripts

11.

Installing easy_install-

2.7

.exe script to C:\Python27\Scripts

12.

Installing easy_install-

2.7

.exe.manifest script to C:\Python27\Scripts

13.

Installed c:\python27\lib\site-packages\setuptools-

0

.6c11-py2.

7

.egg

14.

Processing dependencies

for

setuptools==

0

.6c11

15.

Finished processing dependencies

for

setuptools==

0

.6c11

再把 C:\Python27\Scripts 该路径添加到 系统的Path 变量里面，这样就可以直接使用easy_install命令了。

3.安装PyCrypto模块

由于在Windows上平台上不管使用手工编译，还是用easy_install命令对该模块进行安装的话，非常
容易出现问题，而且特别的麻烦，所以已经有人帮我们编译好了Windows平台上对应的版本，只需要下载安装即可 www.it165.net

到这个位置下载对应的版本 pycrypto-2.6.win32-py2.7 http://www.voidspace.org.uk/python/modules.shtml#pycrypto
或者 到我的网盘进行下载 http://pan.baidu.com/share/link?shareid=3896105660&uk=839171987
安装过程，只需要下一步下一步即可。

4.使用easy_install安装paramiko模块

view sourceprint?

01.

C:\Users\TestAA>easy_install paramiko

02.

Searching

for

paramiko

03.

Reading http:

//pypi.python.org/simple/paramiko/

04.

Best match: paramiko

1.11

.

0

05.

Downloading https:

//pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/paramiko/paramiko-1.11.0.t

06.

ar.gz#md5=a2c55dc04904bd08d984533703177084

07.

Processing paramiko-

1.11

.

0

.tar.gz

08.

Running paramiko-

1.11

.

0

\setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir c:\users\testaa\appdata

09.

\local\temp\easy_install-rla6aa\paramiko-

1.11

.

0

\egg-dist-tmp-aynqgv

10.

zip_safe flag not set; analyzing archive contents...

11.

Adding paramiko

1.11

.

0

to easy-install.pth file

12.

Installed c:\python27\lib\site-packages\paramiko-

1.11

.

0

-py2.

7

.egg

13.

Processing dependencies

for

paramiko

14.

Finished processing dependencies

for

paramiko

15.

C:\Users\TestAA>

进入Python导入paramiko一下看看，

view sourceprint?

01.

C:\Users\TestAA>python

02.

Python

2.7

.

5

(

default

,May 

15

2013

,

22

:

43

:

36

) [MSC v.

1500

32

bit (Intel)] on win

03.

32

04.

Type

"help"

,

"copyright"

,

"credits"

or

"license"

for

more information.

05.

>>>

import

paramiko

06.

>>>dir(paramiko)

07.

[

'AUTH_FAILED'

,

'AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL'

,

'AUTH_SUCCESSFUL'

,

'Agent'

,'AgentK

08.

ey

','

AuthHandler

','

AuthenticationException

','

AutoAddPolicy

','

BadAuthenticati

09.

onType

','

BadHostKeyException

','

BaseSFTP

','

BufferedFile

','

Channel

','

ChannelE

10.

xception

','

ChannelFile

','

DSSKey

','

HostKeys

','

InteractiveQuery

','

Message

','

11.

MissingHostKeyPolicy

','

OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED

','

OPEN_FAILED_C

12.

ONNECT_FAILED

','

OPEN_FAILED_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE

','

OPEN_FAILED_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TY

13.

PE

','

OPEN_SUCCEEDED

','

PKey

','

Packetizer

','

Pass<a href=

"http://www.it165.net/edu/ebg/"

target=

"_blank"

class

=

"keylink"

>word</a>RequiredException

','

Proxy

14.

Command

','

ProxyCommandFailure

','

RSAKey

','

RejectPolicy

','

SFTP

','

SFTPAttribut

15.

es

','

SFTPClient

','

SFTPError

','

SFTPFile

','

SFTPHandle

','

SFTPServer

','

SFTPSer

16.

verInterface

','

SFTP_BAD_MESSAGE

','

SFTP_CONNECTION_LOST

','

SFTP_EOF

','

SFTP_FAI

17.

LURE

','

SFTP_NO_CONNECTION

','

SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE

','

SFTP_OK

','

SFTP_OP_UNSUPPORTE

18.

D

','

SFTP_PERMISSION_DENIED

','

SSHClient

','

SSHConfig

','

SSHException

','

Securit

19.

yOptions

','

ServerInterface

','

SubsystemHandler

','

Transport

','

WarningPolicy',

20.

'__all__'

,

'__author__'

,

'__builtins__'

,

'__doc__'

,

'__file__'

,

'__license__'

,'

21.

__loader__

','

__name__

','

__package__

','

__path__

','

__version__

','

agent

','

aut

22.

h_handler

','

ber

','

buffered_pipe

','

channel

','

client

','

common

','

compress

','

23.

config

','

dsskey

','

file

','

hostkeys

','

io_sleep

','

kex_gex

','

kex_group1

','

mes

24.

sage

','

packet

','

pipe

','

pkey

','

primes

','

proxy

','

resource

','

rsakey

','

serve

25.

r

','

sftp

','

sftp_attr

','

sftp_client

','

sftp_file

','

sftp_handle

','

sftp_server

26.

','

sftp_si

','

ssh_exception

','

sys

','

transport

','

util']

27.

>>>

看到以上情况，说明paramiko已经成功安装了

转自http://www.it165.net/admin/html/201308/1667.html