全面介绍Android的MVVM框架 - 数据绑定
2016-04-04 17:22
549 查看
转自 http://blog.csdn.net/feelang/article/details/46348079 一个码农
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请注明出处
目录(?)[+]
原文地址 MasteringAndroidDataBinding
本教程是跟着 Data Binding Guide 学习过程中得出的一些实践经验,同时修改了官方教程的一些错误,每一个知识点都有对应的源码,争取做到实践与理论相结合。
Data Binding 解决了 Android UI 编程中的一个痛点,官方原生支持 MVVM 模型可以让我们在不改变既有代码框架的前提下,非常容易地使用这些新特性。其实在此之前,已经有些第三方的框架(RoboAndroid)
可以支持 MVVM 模型,无耐由于框架的侵入性太强,导致一直没有流行起来。
打开 Preferences,找到 Appearances & Behavior 下的 Updates 选项,把 Automatically Check updates for 修改成 Canary Channel。
注意
Data Binding 是一个 support 包,因此与 Android M 没什么关系,可以不用下载 Android MNC Preview 的 SDK。
为用到 Data Binding 的模块添加插件,修改对应的 build.gradle。
注意
如果 Module 用到的 buildToolsVersion 高于 22.0.1,比如 23 rc1,那
要实现 MVVM 的 ViewModel 就需要把数据与UI进行绑定,
UI 元素提供数据(例如 TextView 的 android:text),然后在 Java 代码中把”后台”数据与这个
如果要用一个表格来展示用户的基本信息,用 Data Binding 应该怎么实现呢?
稍后,我们会新建一个
其中
当然,
然后我们刚才在 build.gradle 中添加的那个插件 -
例如,这里 xml 的文件名叫
注意
注意
那么就会生成对应的两个 set 方法。
至此,一个简单的数据绑定就完成了,可参考完整代码
然后在 xml 的
使用方法与 Java 语法一样:
这样一来出现了两个
就等价于
版权声明:本文为博主原创文章,转载请注明出处
目录(?)[+]
原文地址 MasteringAndroidDataBinding
本教程是跟着 Data Binding Guide 学习过程中得出的一些实践经验,同时修改了官方教程的一些错误,每一个知识点都有对应的源码,争取做到实践与理论相结合。
Data Binding 解决了 Android UI 编程中的一个痛点,官方原生支持 MVVM 模型可以让我们在不改变既有代码框架的前提下,非常容易地使用这些新特性。其实在此之前,已经有些第三方的框架(RoboAndroid)
可以支持 MVVM 模型,无耐由于框架的侵入性太强,导致一直没有流行起来。
准备
Android Studio 更新到 1.3 版本
打开 Preferences,找到 Appearances & Behavior 下的 Updates 选项,把 Automatically Check updates for 修改成 Canary Channel。注意
Data Binding 是一个 support 包,因此与 Android M 没什么关系,可以不用下载 Android MNC Preview 的 SDK。
新建一个 Project
修改 Project 的 build.gradle,为 build script 添加一条依赖,Gradle 版本为 1.2.3。<code class="language-groovy hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">classpath <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.tools.build:gradle:1.2.3'</span> classpath <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.databinding:dataBinder:1.0-rc0'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
为用到 Data Binding 的模块添加插件,修改对应的 build.gradle。
<code class="language-groovy hljs bash has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">apply plugin: <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">'com.android.databinding'</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
注意
如果 Module 用到的 buildToolsVersion 高于 22.0.1,比如 23 rc1,那
com.android.databinding:dataBinder的版本要改为 1.3.0-beta1,否则会出现如下错误:
基础
工程创建完成后,我们通过一个最简单的例子来说明 Data Binding 的基本用法。布局文件
使用 Data Binding 之后,xml的布局文件就不再单纯地展示 UI 元素,还需要定义 UI 元素用到的变量。所以,它的根节点不再是一个ViewGroup,而是变成了
layout,并且新增了一个节点
data。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!--原先的根节点(Root Element)--></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span>></span> .... <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">layout</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
要实现 MVVM 的 ViewModel 就需要把数据与UI进行绑定,
data节点就为此提供了一个桥梁,我们先在
data中声明一个
variable,这个变量会为
UI 元素提供数据(例如 TextView 的 android:text),然后在 Java 代码中把”后台”数据与这个
variable进行绑定。
如果要用一个表格来展示用户的基本信息,用 Data Binding 应该怎么实现呢?
数据对象
添加一个 POJO 类 -User,非常简单,四个属性以及他们的 getter 和 setter。
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">User</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String firstName; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String lastName; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> String displayName; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> age; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">User</span>(String firstName, String lastName) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.firstName = firstName; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.lastName = lastName; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">User</span>(String firstName, String lastName, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> age) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>(firstName, lastName); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>.age = age; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getAge</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> age; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getFirstName</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> firstName; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getLastName</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> lastName; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getDisplayName</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> firstName + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">" "</span> + lastName; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">boolean</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">isAdult</span>() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> age >= <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">18</span>; } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li></ul>
稍后,我们会新建一个
User类型的变量,然后把它跟布局文件中声明的变量进行绑定。
定义 Variable
再回到布局文件,在data节点中声明一个变量
user。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"user"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.liangfeizc.databindingsamples.basic.User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
其中
type属性就是我们在 Java 文件中定义的
User类。
当然,
data节点也支持
import,所以上面的代码可以换一种形式来写。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.liangfeizc.databindingsamples.basic.User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"user"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
然后我们刚才在 build.gradle 中添加的那个插件 -
com.android.databinding会根据xml文件的名称 Generate 一个继承自
ViewDataBinding的类。
例如,这里 xml 的文件名叫
activity_basic.xml,那么生成的类就是
ActivityBasicBinding。
注意
java.lang.*包中的类会被自动导入,可以直接使用,例如要定义一个
String类型的变量:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"firstName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"String"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
绑定 Variable
修改BasicActivity的
onCreate方法,用
DatabindingUtil.setContentView()来替换掉
setContentView(),然后创建一个
user对象,通过
binding.setUser(user)与
variable进行绑定。
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ActivityBasicBinding binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView( <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, R.layout.activity_basic); User user = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> User(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"fei"</span>, <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"Liang"</span>); binding.setUser(user); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
注意
ActivityBasicBinding类是自动生成的,所有的 set 方法也是根据
variable名称生成的。例如,我们定义了两个变量。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">data</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"firstName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"String"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"firstName"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">""</span> </<span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">data</span>></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
那么就会生成对应的两个 set 方法。
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">setFirstName(String firstName); setLastName(String lastName);</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
使用 Variable
数据与 Variable 绑定之后,xml 的 UI 元素就可以直接使用了。<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@{user.lastName}"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
至此,一个简单的数据绑定就完成了,可参考完整代码
高级用法
使用类方法
首先为类添加一个静态方法<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MyStringUtils</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static</span> String <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">capitalize</span>(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String word) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (word.length() > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> String.valueOf(word.charAt(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>)).toUpperCase() + word.substring(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> word; } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li></ul>
然后在 xml 的
data节点中导入:
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.liangfeizc.databindingsamples.utils.MyStringUtils"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
使用方法与 Java 语法一样:
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><TextView android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span> android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span> android:text=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@{StringUtils.capitalize(user.firstName)}"</span> /></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li></ul>
类型别名
如果我们在data节点了导入了两个同名的类怎么办?
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.example.home.data.User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.examle.detail.data.User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"user"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"User"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
这样一来出现了两个
User类,那
user变量要用哪一个呢?不用担心,
import还有一个
alias属性。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.example.home.data.User"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">import</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"com.examle.detail.data.User"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">alias</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"DetailUser"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">variable</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">name</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"user"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">type</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"DetailUser"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li></ul>
Null Coalescing 运算符
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">android:text=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@{user.displayName ?? user.lastName}"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
就等价于
<code class="language-java hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">android:text=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@{user.displayName != null ? user.displayName : user.lastName}"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
属性值
通过${}可以直接把 Java 中定义的属性值赋值给 xml 属性。
<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@{user.lastName}"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:visibility</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@{user.isAdult ? View.VISIBLE : View.GONE}"</span>/></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li></ul>
使用资源数据
这个例子,官方教程有错误,可以参考Android Data Binder 的一个bug,完整代码在此。<code class="language-xml hljs has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:padding</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@{large? (int)@dimen/largePadding : (int)@dimen/smallPadding}"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:color/black"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@android:color/white"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@string/hello_world"</span> /></span></code>
相关文章推荐
- 解决android:background背景图片被拉伸问题
- android高级---->Handler的原理
- AndroidStudio引入xUtils开源框架步骤及问题
- Android中自动滚动播放效果
- Android中的5种数据存储方式
- Android:WebView用法(Js交互)
- Android 双击back键退出应用的两种方式
- Android之NetworkOnMainThreadException异常
- Android之LayoutInflater
- Android快速开发系列 10个常用工具类
- Android发展历程
- Android基础部分再学习---activity的生命周期
- adb的常用命令(android debud bridge)
- Android中Gson解析json数据使用@SerializedName注解与java对象不匹配的字段
- 安卓绘制视图的流程
- Android Studio 统计项目的代码总行数
- 如何快速看懂一个Android项目
- 详解实现Android中实现View滑动的几种方式
- [Android] Android使用序列化接口Parcelable、Serializable
- Android socket 实现 wify 通信,简易聊天室 (一)