英文写作常见错误

错用冠词

共包括三种情形：该用的时候没用，不该用的时候却用了，或用错冠词。

如：

Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of main and splitter blades.

应修改为
Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface of the main and splitter blades.

解析：此处在描述实验，特指图中的结果。

句子太长

尽量避免长句。句子太长，很容易缺失某部分内容。

在写主要观点之前，先写目的或原因等

正确的做法是，在一个句子中，先将主要内容写在前面，而不是先写原因、目的等。

如：

For the application in automobile interiors, this paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing.

应修改为
This paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturing for application in automobile interiors.

(目的不用放在句首)

又如：

In practice, we employed this approach to dispose of a wheelhouse subassembly of one kind of auto-body, and the results show that this method is feasible.

应修改为
We employed this approach to dispose of a wheelhouse subassembly of one kind of auto-body, and the results show that this method is feasible.

（In practice 可以删除）

又如：

To ensure sheet metal quality as well as assembly quality, CMMs are widely used in automotive industry production.

应修改为
CMMs are widely used in automotive industry production to ensure sheet metal quality as well as assembly quality.

（目的不要放在句首）

又如：

When UU is taken as the control parameter, the BDs for Δ=0.0,0.001,0.005\Delta =0.0, 0.001, 0.005 are shown in Fig. 8.

应修改为
Fig. 8 shows the BDs for Δ=0.0,0.001,0.005\Delta =0.0, 0.001, 0.005 when UU is taken as the control parameter.

（条件短语不要放在句首）

又如：

Based on the triangulation structure built from unorganized points or a CAD model, the extended STL format is described in this section.

应修改为
The extended STL format is described in this section based on the triangulation structure built from unorganized points or a CAD model.

（基于XXX主要用于修饰，不要放在句首）

（这种错误非常常见，所以多放了几个例子。上述例子的核心观点就一个，最重要的东西应放在句首。）

数字

阿拉伯数字不应该放在句首。

用于指示一般信息的数字应该用单词，而不是阿拉伯数字。

如：

12 parameters were selected for the experiment.

应修改为
Twelve parameters were selected for the experiment.

又如：

All 3 studies concluded that the mean temperature should be 30°C.

应修改为
All three studies concluded that the mean temperature should be 30°C.

数学表达式

句子中不鼓励使用数学表达式，即使这个表达式很短。

如：

If the power battery SOC>SOClo SOC > SOC_{lo} and the driving torque belongs to the middle load,…

应修改为
If the power battery SOCSOC is greater than SOCloSOC_{lo} and the driving torque belongs to the middle load,…

in this paper, in this study

这些词常常被滥用。实际上，他们一般只在以下两个地方出现。

出现在introduction及conclusion中，强调本论文的工作。

出现在论文中，放在作者形容哪些工作未完成之后。

因此，如果这些词使用次数超过三次，则很可能存在问题。

注意比较一下句子，并体会其中的细微区别。

In this paper, IDEAS was used to ….

In this study, IDEAS was used to….

第二句更妥当，更准确。因为是作者是在“这个工作”中应用了该思想，而论文只是展示这个工作的一种方式。

such as , etc.

such as 表示举例，暗示后面是不完整的，不再需要’etc.’ 因此，当跟在其后的是完整列表时，不能用such as，且such as和etc不能共用。

如：

Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainly focus on durable products such as automobile motors, printers, and etc.

应修改为

Studies of methodology and process of implementing remanufacturing mainly focus on durable products such as automobile motors, and printers.

其他需要注意的地方

注意有些词单复数是相同的。如literature, equipment, staff, faculty

不要重复。

不要说research work,而应该说reaearch或者work

不要说limit condition,而应该说limit或者condition

不要说simulation results,而应该说simulation或者results

备注：实际论文中用的也蛮多的，如simulation results，用来和experimental results区分。

某些词表示复数，其后面的名词需要用复数。如Different methods, two advantages等。

不要用by this way，而要用by dong this或者using this method。

在句子开头不要用How to…

如：How to find the optimal parameter is the main objective. 应修改为Determining how to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.

不要写The results are shown in Fig. 2 (不要用被动？)

变量记得用斜体。如The graph shows tt, aa, and CC as a function of time.

避免使用obviously这样的词。

避免使用that is to say或者namely，尝试将两句话换成一句话。

在技术文献中，不要用too。

上述内容主要来自文章《The Most Common Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students》。点击链接可查看原文。

上述这些都是我们常犯的错误。但是，即使在已经发表的论文中，也或多或少存在这些问题。因此，写论文时，应该更多的将注意力集中在创新上。在内容新颖的基础上，多注意上述问题就更好了。