MySQL root密码找回
2016-03-23 20:06
639 查看
1、系统信息
系统信息[root@zhang ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
[root@zhang ~]# uname -r
2.6.32-431.el6.x86_64
[root@zhang ~]# uname -m
x86_64
数据库信息
mysql> select version();
+-----------+
| version() |
+-----------+
| 5.1.72 |
+-----------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)
2、单实例
1、关闭数据库
[root@zhang ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL.... [ OK ] [root@zhang ~]# netstat -lntp | grep '330' [root@zhang ~]#
2、使用--skip-grant-tables 启动MySQL，忽略授权验证登录
[root@zhang ~]# mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql & # 跳过权限启动 [1] 8013 [root@zhang ~]# 160323 17:11:59 mysqld_safe Logging to '/application/mysql5.1.72/data/zhang.err'. 160323 17:11:59 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /application/mysql5.1.72/data [root@zhang ~]# netstat -lntp | grep '330' tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 8632/mysqld
3、无需密码即可登录MySQL
[root@zhang ~]# mysql # 免账号登录 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.1.72 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
4、为root账号设置新密码
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| root | zhang | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | zhang | |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.05 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('zhang123') where user='root' and host='localhost'; # password('zhang123') 调用函数 会对密码进行加密存放
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.13 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新权限信息
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *D8048838D5F7310362A9F330ED8E88D3372967C3 |
| root | zhang | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | zhang | |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)5、重启服务再登录
[root@zhang ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -pzhang123 shutdown # 优雅关闭【不能使用kill命令，防止重启失败】 或者使用 /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 160323 17:23:05 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /application/mysql5.1.72/data/zhang.pid ended [1]+ Done mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --user=mysql [root@zhang ~]# ps -ef | grep 'mysql' root 8238 1951 0 17:23 pts/0 00:00:00 grep --color mysql [root@zhang ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start # 重启 Starting MySQL. [ OK ] [root@zhang ~]# mysql -uroot -pzhang123 # 登录 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.1.72 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
3、多实例
1、关闭数据库
在多实例中关闭数据库需要root密码。所以如果真的丢失，那么只有使用kill命令了[root@mode-6 3308]# netstat -lntp | grep '330'
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 2377/mysqld
[root@mode-6 3308]# pkill mysql
[root@mode-6 3308]# netstat -lntp | grep '330'
[root@mode-6 3308]#
2、使用--skip-grant-tables 启动MySQL，忽略授权验证登录
[root@mode-6 3308]# pwd /data/3308 [root@mode-6 3308]# ll total 28 drwx------ 9 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 10:44 data -rw-rw-r-- 1 mysql mysql 1901 Mar 21 14:17 my.cnf -rwx------ 1 root root 1307 Mar 22 21:36 mysql -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 16109 Mar 23 17:49 mysql_oldboy3308.err [root@mode-6 3308]# mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables & #参数前后位置不要改变 [1] 2967 [root@mode-6 3308]# 160323 17:52:18 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/3308/mysql_oldboy3308.err'. 160323 17:52:18 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/3308/data [root@mode-6 3308]# netstat -lntp | grep '330' tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3308 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3680/mysqld
3、无需密码即可登录MySQL
[root@mode-6 3308]# ll total 40 drwx------ 9 mysql mysql 4096 Mar 23 17:52 data -rw-rw-r-- 1 mysql mysql 1901 Mar 21 14:17 my.cnf -rwx------ 1 root root 1307 Mar 22 21:36 mysql srwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 0 Mar 23 17:52 mysql.sock -rw-r----- 1 mysql mysql 17136 Mar 23 17:52 mysql_oldboy3308.err -rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 5 Mar 23 17:52 mysqld.pid [root@mode-6 3308]# mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock # 免账号登录 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.32 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
4、为root账号设置新密码
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *FD571203974BA9AFE270FE62151AE967ECA5E0AA |
| root | mode-6.5 | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | mode-6.5 | |
| bing | % | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| bing | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| ying | % | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> update mysql.user set password=password('zhang123') where user='root' and host='localhost';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql> flush privileges; # 刷新权限信息
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *D8048838D5F7310362A9F330ED8E88D3372967C3 |
| root | mode-6.5 | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | mode-6.5 | |
| bing | % | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| bing | localhost | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
| ying | % | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
+------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)5、重启服务再登录
[root@mode-6 3308]# mysqladmin -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -pzhang123 shutdown # 关闭数据库 160323 18:03:41 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/3308/mysqld.pid ended [1]+ Done mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables [root@mode-6 3308]# netstat -lntp | grep '330' [root@mode-6 3308]# [root@mode-6 3308]# /data/3308/mysql start # 启动数据库 Starting MySQL... [root@mode-6 3308]# mysql -S /data/3308/mysql.sock -uroot -pzhang123 #登录 Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.5.32 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql>
提示：使用--skip-grant-tables
参数启动数据库，为root账号重置密码后一定要重启数据库。防止出现安全问题或其他问题。
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