USB设备驱动程序-USB Gadget Driver(四)
2016-03-22 16:28
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Gadget 功能层
Gadget功能层完成USB设备的具体功能，其表现的形式各不相同，如键盘、鼠标、存储和网卡等等。功能层不仅涉及到Gadget驱动相关的内容，还涉及到其功能相关的内核子系统。如存储还涉及到内核存储子系统，网卡还涉及到网络驱动子系统。因此，Gadget功能的代码非常复杂。这里以zero.c为例，这个模块只是简单地将接收的数据回显回去。
一、数据结构首先需要实现usb_composite_driver函数集：
static struct usb_composite_driver zero_driver = {
.name = "zero",
.dev = &device_desc,
.strings = dev_strings,
.bind = zero_bind,
.unbind = zero_unbind,
.suspend = zero_suspend,
.resume = zero_resume,
};
二、主要函数
这个模块的实现就是这么简单：
static int __init init(void)
{
return usb_composite_register(&zero_driver);
}
module_init(init);
static void __exit cleanup(void)
{
usb_composite_unregister(&zero_driver);
}
Bind函数是功能层需要实现与设备层关联的重要函数：
static int __init zero_bind(struct usb_composite_dev *cdev)
{
int gcnum;
struct usb_gadget *gadget = cdev->gadget; //Gadget设备
int id;
/* Allocate string descriptor numbers ... note that string
* contents can be overridden by the composite_dev glue.
*/
/*分配字符串描述符的id，并赋值给设备描述符中字符串索引*/
id = usb_string_id(cdev);
strings_dev[STRING_MANUFACTURER_IDX].id = id;
device_desc.iManufacturer = id;
id = usb_string_id(cdev); i
strings_dev[STRING_PRODUCT_IDX].id = id;
device_desc.iProduct = id;
id = usb_string_id(cdev);
strings_dev[STRING_SERIAL_IDX].id = id;
device_desc.iSerialNumber = id;
/*设置挂起后，设备自动恢复的定时器*/
setup_timer(&autoresume_timer, zero_autoresume, (unsigned long) cdev);
/*核心代码，实现功能*/
if (loopdefault) {
loopback_add(cdev, autoresume != 0); //数据简单回显功能
if (!gadget_is_sh(gadget))
sourcesink_add(cdev, autoresume != 0);
}
else
{
sourcesink_add(cdev, autoresume != 0);
if (!gadget_is_sh(gadget))
loopback_add(cdev, autoresume != 0);
}
/*初始化设备描述符*/
gcnum = usb_gadget_controller_number(gadget);
if (gcnum >= 0)
device_desc.bcdDevice = cpu_to_le16(0x0200 + gcnum);
else {
device_desc.bcdDevice = cpu_to_le16(0x9999);
}
return 0;
}
/*增加数据简单回显功能*/
int __init loopback_add(struct usb_composite_dev *cdev, bool autoresume)
{
int id;
/*获取字符串描述符id索引*/
id = usb_string_id(cdev);
strings_loopback[0].id = id;
loopback_intf.iInterface = id;
loopback_driver.iConfiguration = id;
/* support autoresume for remote wakeup testing */
if (autoresume)
sourcesink_driver.bmAttributes |= USB_CONFIG_ATT_WAKEUP;
/* support OTG systems */
if (gadget_is_otg(cdev->gadget)) {
loopback_driver.descriptors = otg_desc;
loopback_driver.bmAttributes |= USB_CONFIG_ATT_WAKEUP;
}
return usb_add_config(cdev, &loopback_driver); //增加一个配置
}
/*loopback配置*/
static struct usb_configuration loopback_driver = {
.label = "loopback",
.strings = loopback_strings,
.bind = loopback_bind_config,
.bConfigurationValue = 2,
.bmAttributes = USB_CONFIG_ATT_SELFPOWER,
/* .iConfiguration = DYNAMIC */
};
将增加配置的usb_add_config函数中会调用其bind函数，即loopback_bind_config函数，来分配这个配置所需要的资源。
struct f_loopback {
struct usb_function function;
struct usb_ep *in_ep;
struct usb_ep *out_ep;
};
static int __init loopback_bind_config(struct usb_configuration *c)
{
struct f_loopback *loop;
int status;
loop = kzalloc(sizeof *loop, GFP_KERNEL); //分配一个loop结构
if (!loop)
return -ENOMEM;
/*初始化一个功能*/
loop->function.name = "loopback";
loop->function.descriptors = fs_loopback_descs;
loop->function.bind = loopback_bind;
loop->function.unbind = loopback_unbind;
loop->function.set_alt = loopback_set_alt;
loop->function.disable = loopback_disable;
status = usb_add_function(c, &loop->function); //加入这个功能
if (status)
kfree(loop);
return status;
}
在usb_add_function函数中，又会调用这个功能的bind函数，即loopback_bind函数：
static int __init loopback_bind(struct usb_configuration *c, struct usb_function *f)
{
struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = c->cdev;
struct f_loopback *loop = func_to_loop(f);
int id;
/* allocate interface ID(s) */
id = usb_interface_id(c, f); //分配一个接口id
if (id < 0)
return id;
loopback_intf.bInterfaceNumber = id;
/* allocate endpoints */
/*返回一个输入端点*/
loop->in_ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_loop_source_desc);
if (!loop->in_ep) {
autoconf_fail:
ERROR(cdev, "%s: can't autoconfigure on %s\n", f->name, cdev->gadget->name);
return -ENODEV;
}
loop->in_ep->driver_data = cdev; /* claim */
/*返回一个输出端点，返回合适的端点*/
loop->out_ep = usb_ep_autoconfig(cdev->gadget, &fs_loop_sink_desc);
if (!loop->out_ep)
goto autoconf_fail;
loop->out_ep->driver_data = cdev; /* claim */
/* support high speed hardware */
if (gadget_is_dualspeed(c->cdev->gadget)) {
hs_loop_source_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_loop_source_desc.bEndpointAddress;
hs_loop_sink_desc.bEndpointAddress = fs_loop_sink_desc.bEndpointAddress;
f->hs_descriptors = hs_loopback_descs;
}
DBG(cdev, "%s speed %s: IN/%s, OUT/%s\n", gadget_is_dualspeed(c->cdev->gadget) ? "dual" : "full",f->name, loop->in_ep->name, loop->out_ep->name);
return 0;
}
功能的实现
Loopback_set_alt函数将在设备层的setup函数中被调用，控制通信设置接口。
static int loopback_set_alt(struct usb_function *f, unsigned intf, unsigned alt)
{
struct f_loopback *loop = func_to_loop(f);
struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = f->config->cdev;
/* we know alt is zero */
if (loop->in_ep->driver_data)
disable_loopback(loop);
return enable_loopback(cdev, loop); //开启功能
}
static int enable_loopback(struct usb_composite_dev *cdev, struct f_loopback *loop)
{
int result = 0;
const struct usb_endpoint_descriptor *src, *sink;
struct usb_ep *ep;
struct usb_request *req;
unsigned i;
/*选择端点描述符*/
src = ep_choose(cdev->gadget, &hs_loop_source_desc, &fs_loop_source_desc);
sink = ep_choose(cdev->gadget, &hs_loop_sink_desc, &fs_loop_sink_desc);
/* one endpoint writes data back IN to the host */
/*输入输出端点使能*/
ep = loop->in_ep;
result = usb_ep_enable(ep, src);
if (result < 0)
return result;
ep->driver_data = loop;
/* one endpoint just reads OUT packets */
ep = loop->out_ep;
result = usb_ep_enable(ep, sink);
if (result < 0) {
fail0:
ep = loop->in_ep;
usb_ep_disable(ep);
ep->driver_data = NULL;
return result;
}
ep->driver_data = loop;
/* allocate a bunch of read buffers and queue them all at once.
* we buffer at most 'qlen' transfers; fewer if any need more
* than 'buflen' bytes each.
*/
/*qlen=32，分配32个请求，将这个请求放入输出端点队列，等待接收数据*/
for (i = 0; i < qlen && result == 0; i++) {
req = alloc_ep_req(ep);
if (req) {
req->complete = loopback_complete;
result = usb_ep_queue(ep, req, GFP_ATOMIC);
if (result)
ERROR(cdev, "%s queue req --> %d\n", ep->name, result);
}
else {
usb_ep_disable(ep);
ep->driver_data = NULL;
result = -ENOMEM;
goto fail0;
}
}
DBG(cdev, "%s enabled\n", loop->function.name);
return result;
}
/*接收到数据之后，将调用这个完成函数*/
static void loopback_complete(struct usb_ep *ep, struct usb_request *req)
{
struct f_loopback *loop = ep->driver_data;
struct usb_composite_dev *cdev = loop->function.config->cdev;
int status = req->status;
switch (status) {
case 0: /* normal completion? */
if (ep == loop->out_ep) { //将接收到的数据放入输入端点，返回给主机
/* loop this OUT packet back IN to the host */
req->zero = (req->actual < req->length);
req->length = req->actual;
status = usb_ep_queue(loop->in_ep, req, GFP_ATOMIC);
if (status == 0)
return;
/* "should never get here" */
ERROR(cdev, "can't loop %s to %s: %d\n", ep->name, loop->in_ep->name,status);
}
/* queue the buffer for some later OUT packet */
req->length = buflen; //将输入端点完成的申请，重新放入输出队列，等待接收新的数据
status = usb_ep_queue(loop->out_ep, req, GFP_ATOMIC);
if (status == 0)
return;
/* "should never get here" */
/* FALLTHROUGH */
default:
ERROR(cdev, "%s loop complete --> %d, %d/%d\n", ep->name, status, req->actual, req->length);
/* FALLTHROUGH */
/* NOTE: since this driver doesn't maintain an explicit record
* of requests it submitted (just maintains qlen count), we
* rely on the hardware driver to clean up on disconnect or
* endpoint disable.
*/
case -ECONNABORTED: /* hardware forced ep reset */
case -ECONNRESET: /* request dequeued */
case -ESHUTDOWN: /* disconnect from host */
free_ep_req(ep, req);
return;
}
}
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