http://stuf.ro/calling-c-code-from-java-using-jni

In this tutorial we'll be creating a Java application calling code from a native library. We'll have a Java application called HelloWorld which will call the function

helloFromC

from
a shared library named

ctest

, using Java Native Interface.
First off, we'll create a file named

HelloWorld.java

to contain the

HelloWorld

class.

/* HelloWorld.java */

public class HelloWorld {
native void helloFromC(); /* (1) */
static {
System.loadLibrary("ctest"); /* (2) */
}
static public void main(String argv[]) {
HelloWorld helloWorld = new HelloWorld();
helloWorld.helloFromC(); /* (3) */
}
}

Make the virtual machine aware of a function defined externally, named "helloFromC"
Load an external library called "ctest" (which will need to define this function)
Call the function we talked about

Even though we didn't write any library yet, we can still compile the Java application, because this is a dependency that will be resolved at runtime. So, let's compile the application:

javac HelloWorld.java

This will generate a

HelloWorld.class

file containing the application. Running the application will now result in an error, as we expect, because
the library is not created yet:

java HelloWorld

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: no ctest in java.library.path
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1754)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:823)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:1045)
at HelloWorld.(HelloWorld.java:6)

Alright, let's now start writing the

ctest

library in C. To do that, we must first generate a header file from the

.class

file
we created earlier. This header file will contain the definition of the function as it must be present in the C file.

javah HelloWorld

This command will generate a HelloWorld.h file in the same directory, containing the following code:

/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */
#include <jni.h>
/* Header for class HelloWorld */

#ifndef _Included_HelloWorld
#define _Included_HelloWorld
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/*
* Class:     HelloWorld
* Method:    helloFromC
* Signature: ()V
*/
JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_HelloWorld_helloFromC
(JNIEnv *, jobject);

#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif

We'll leave this file exactly as is, as the comment suggests, but we need to copy the function definition. Copy the definition and put it in a new file, named

ctest.c

:

/* ctest.c */

JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_HelloWorld_helloFromC
(JNIEnv * env, jobject jobj)
{
}

Note that we gave names to the parameters. Now let's implement the function. Aside from our own includes, we also need to include

jni.h

for this to
work. So, modify the

ctest.c

file to contain something like:

/* ctest.c */

#include <jni.h>
#include <stdio.h>

JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_HelloWorld_helloFromC
(JNIEnv * env, jobject jobj)
{
printf("Hello from C!\n");
}

Now that we have the file, let's compile it and create a native library. This part is system dependent, but the only things that change really are the extension of the generated library file and the path to the

jni.h

include.

gcc -o libctest.so -shared -I/path/to/jdk/headers ctest.c -lc

Replace

.so

with

.dylib

if you're on a Mac, or

.dll

if
you're on Windows (remove the

lib

part from the file name as well if you're on Windows). Also, replace

/path/to/jdk/headers

with
the full path to the directory containing the file

jni.h

. If you don't know where that is, you can use the locate

jni.h

command
on UNIX-like systems.
Once you successfully run the above command, you will see a

libctest.so

file in the current directory (or

libctest.dylib

or

libctest.dll

).
If you remember from the Java code you wrote earlier, the virtual machine will expect a library named

ctest

to reside in the current directory (point 2). By
that, it means that a file with the name

libctest.so

should be here, which you just created.
To see this in action, run the application:

java HelloWorld

If everything works correctly, you should see:

Hello from C!

原文地址：　http://stuf.ro/calling-c-code-from-java-using-jni