Android 定位GPS的使用
2016-02-21 15:18
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刚开始研究android本身的GPS定位，很多东西还不够清楚，只想将自己学到的进行记录。关于gps定位的测试可以使用Genymotion模拟器也可以使用真机测试，如果使用真机测试需要注意：Android的GPS定位只有在没有遮盖物的情况下才能获得Location！=null，否则获取不到经纬度信息。比如你在室内是获得不到位置信息的，另外这里只是介绍一下如何获取到经纬度信息，对于地理位置的解析由于无法获取google服务因此无法对地理位置进行解析，因此平时使用的定位基本都是百度地图或是高德地图的sdk。
获取LocationManager
要想使用Android自带的定位服务就要先获取这项服务也就是获得LocationManager[code]LocationManager mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(mContext.LOCATION_SERVICE);
LocationProvider
所有种类的Provider
LocationProvider可以获取多种，下面的方法是获取所有的provider的方式。[code]/**
* 显示定位的Provider的类型
*/
private void showLocationType() {
List<String> locationtype = new ArrayList<String>();
locationtype = mLocationManager.getAllProviders();
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
strb.append("LocationProvider类型:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < locationtype.size(); i++) {
strb.append("类型" + i +":"+ locationtype.get(i) + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationType.setText(strb);
}筛选的Provider
对于LocationProvider的筛选是通过Criteria进行筛选的。[code]/**
* 显示有选择的Provider的信息，通过Criteria进行过滤
*/
private void showSelectedLocationProvider() {
//获取各种类型的LocationProvider的方式，这里作为一种补充
// // 获取passive locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_passive = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER);
// // 获取gps locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_gps = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
// // 获取network locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_network = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
// LocationProvider
Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
// 设置LocationProvider是免费的
criteria.setCostAllowed(false);
// 设置LocationProvider提供高度信息
criteria.setAltitudeRequired(true);
// 设置LocationProvider提供方向信息
criteria.setBearingRequired(true);
List<String> providerName = mLocationManager.getProviders(criteria,
true);
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < providerName.size(); i++) {
strb.append("类型" + i + providerName.get(i) + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationSele.setText(strb);
}获取经纬度
为了进行实时定位需要对LocationManager进行监听，刚开始的时候由于LocationManager获得的location是上次的location而上次的location还未进行检测与监听因此可能出现为空的情况，不过LocationManager进行监听之后Location将不再为空。[code]// 进行定位的实时监听，每5秒或者每10米监听一次
mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER,
50, 10, this);
if(mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
mLocation = mLocationManager
.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
}具体位置信息由location获得。
[code]/**
* 显示具体位置信息
* @param location
*/
private void showLocationInfo(Location location) {
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
strb.append("位置信息:" + "\n");
if(location!=null){
strb.append("经度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n");
strb.append("纬度：" + location.getLatitude() + "\n");
strb.append("高度：" + location.getAltitude() + "\n");
strb.append("速度：" + location.getSpeed() + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationInfo.setText(strb);
}测量两点距离
[code]// 显示两点距离
private void showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint() {
final float[] results = new float[3];
Location.distanceBetween(30.333, 30.333, 40.444, 40.444, results);
mTextViewLocationDist.setText(results[0] + "米");
}完整代码
[code]public class MainActivity extends Activity implements LocationListener {
private TextView mTextViewLocationType;
private TextView mTextViewLocationInfo;
private TextView mTextViewLocationSele;
private TextView mTextViewLocationDist;
private LocationManager mLocationManager;
private Context mContext;
private Location mLocation;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mTextViewLocationType = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationType);
mTextViewLocationInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationInfo);
mTextViewLocationSele = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationSelected);
mTextViewLocationDist = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textview_locationdistance);
mContext = getApplicationContext();
mLocationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(mContext.LOCATION_SERVICE);
showLocationType();
showSelectedLocationProvider();
// 进行定位的实时监听，每5秒或者每10米监听一次
mLocationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER,
50, 10, this);
if(mLocationManager.isProviderEnabled(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)){
mLocation = mLocationManager
.getLastKnownLocation(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
}
showLocationInfo(mLocation);
showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint();
}
// 显示两点距离
private void showDistanceBetweenTwoPoint() {
final float[] results = new float[3];
Location.distanceBetween(30.333, 30.333, 40.444, 40.444, results);
mTextViewLocationDist.setText(results[0] + "米");
}
/**
* 显示具体位置信息
* @param location
*/
private void showLocationInfo(Location location) {
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
strb.append("位置信息:" + "\n");
if(location!=null){
strb.append("经度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n");
strb.append("纬度：" + location.getLatitude() + "\n");
strb.append("高度：" + location.getAltitude() + "\n");
strb.append("速度：" + location.getSpeed() + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationInfo.setText(strb);
}
/**
* 显示有选择的Provider的信息，通过Criteria进行过滤
*/
private void showSelectedLocationProvider() {
//获取各种类型的LocationProvider的方式，这里作为一种补充
// // 获取passive locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_passive = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.PASSIVE_PROVIDER);
// // 获取gps locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_gps = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER);
// // 获取network locationprovider
// LocationProvider locattionprovider_network = mLocationManager
// .getProvider(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER);
// LocationProvider
Criteria criteria = new Criteria();
// 设置LocationProvider是免费的
criteria.setCostAllowed(false);
// 设置LocationProvider提供高度信息
criteria.setAltitudeRequired(true);
// 设置LocationProvider提供方向信息
criteria.setBearingRequired(true);
List<String> providerName = mLocationManager.getProviders(criteria,
true);
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
for (int i = 0; i < providerName.size(); i++) {
strb.append("类型" + i + providerName.get(i) + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationSele.setText(strb);
}
/**
* 显示定位的Provider的类型
*/
private void showLocationType() {
List<String> locationtype = new ArrayList<String>();
locationtype = mLocationManager.getAllProviders();
StringBuffer strb = new StringBuffer();
strb.append("LocationProvider类型:\n");
for (int i = 0; i < locationtype.size(); i++) {
strb.append("类型" + i +":"+ locationtype.get(i) + "\n");
}
mTextViewLocationType.setText(strb);
}
@Override
public void onLocationChanged(Location arg0) {
// GPS位置发生变化时，更新信息
showLocationInfo(arg0);
}
@Override
public void onProviderDisabled(String arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
@Override
public void onProviderEnabled(String arg0) {
// 当GPS location Provider可用时,更新位置
showLocationInfo(mLocationManager.getLastKnownLocation(arg0));
}
@Override
public void onStatusChanged(String arg0, int arg1, Bundle arg2) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
}布局
[code]<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context=".MainActivity" >
<ScrollView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" >
<LinearLayout
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" >
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview_locationType"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="2px"
android:background="#00f" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview_locationSelected"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="2px"
android:background="#00f" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview_locationInfo"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
<View
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="2px"
android:background="#00f" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textview_locationdistance"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_margin="10dp"
android:text="@string/hello_world" />
</LinearLayout>
</ScrollView>
</LinearLayout>权限
[code] <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_MOCK_LOCATION" />
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