Spring项目搭建

创建Maven项目



选择Maven快速构建类型



完善Maven项目坐标属性



Maven项目创建成功



修改pom.xml文件

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.MyTest</groupId>
<artifactId>SpringDemo</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>SpringDemo Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>4.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.0-b01</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>SpringDemo</finalName>
</build>
</project>

修改WEB-INF下的web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>

<!-- contextConfigLocation：指定的配置文件所在目录，如果不指定，Spring 会加载WEB-INF目录下，符合 *Context.xml 或 spring*.xml 规则的文件
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param> -->

<!-- 配置Spring的内容加载监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>

<!-- 字符集过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

</web-app>

在WEB-INF下创建文件applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd ">

<bean id="hello" class="com.MyTest.test.HelloTest">
<property name="msg" value="Hello World!"></property>
</bean>

</beans>

在src/main/java/com/MyTest/test目录下创建HelloTest.java，没有目录则创建

package com.MyTest.test;

public class HelloTest {

private String msg;

public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}

public String hello(){
return "MSG:"+msg;
}
}

再创建一个Servlet文件以方便进行测试，与HelloTest.java同目录，文件名为HelloServlet.java

package com.MyTest.test;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

//拦截地址为hello的请求
@WebServlet(name="HelloServlet",urlPatterns={"/hello"})
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

//接受客户端get请求，然后输出内容到页面
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//获取Spring容器
ApplicationContext applicationContext = WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext(this.getServletContext());
//获取HelloTest实例化对象
HelloTest helloTest =applicationContext.getBean(HelloTest.class);
//执行hello方法
String msg =helloTest.hello();
//设置响应类型
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//输出内容到客户端
response.getWriter().write(msg);
}
}

展示下项目现在的结构



最后，将项目打包发布到服务器中，如Tomcat，然后浏览器输入请求地址：http://localhost:8080/SpringDemo/hello ，请求，看到如下内容，就说明项目搭建成功了！