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基于SVG的web页面图形绘制API介绍

2016-01-29 13:10 639 查看
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一:什么是SVG

SVG是1999由W3C发布的2D图形描述语言,纯基于XML格式的标记语言,SVG的

全称是可扩展的矢量图形跟传统的Raster方式的图形(JPG, PNG, GIF等)有很大的差

别。SVG是2D图形开发平台,包括两个部分,一个是基于XML语言的数据描述,另

外一部分是可编程的API,其关键特性支持图形,文本,梯度填充,画笔风格,图形

特效滤镜如高斯模糊,会在稍后的代码中演示。同时还支持各种鼠标事件与DOM部

分API。几乎所有的主流浏览器都支持SVG图形格式的现实与绘制,IE9+以上也开始

支持SVG,在低版本的IE中需要插件支持。

更多了解SVG访问这里:http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/About.html

二:JavaScript中SVG API编程演示

创建与获取SVG对象

// create svg object

var mySvg = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","svg");

mySvg.setAttribute("version","1.2");// IE9+ support SVG 1.1 version

mySvg.setAttribute("baseProfile","tiny");

container.appendChild(mySvg);

在SVG中创建一个矩形图形:

var c1 = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","rect");

c1.setAttribute("x","20");

c1.setAttribute("y","20");

c1.setAttribute("width","150");

c1.setAttribute("height","150");

c1.setAttribute("fill","rgb(0,0,255)");

c1.setAttribute("stroke","rgb(0,0,0)");

c1.setAttribute("stroke-width","4");

mySvg.appendChild(c1);

在SVG中实现文本绘制:

// SVG draw text

var stext = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg","text");

stext.setAttribute("x","700");

stext.setAttribute("y","100");

stext.setAttribute("font-size","18px");

stext.setAttribute("fill","#FF0000");

var textString = document.createTextNode("Hello SVG");

stext.appendChild(textString);

mySvg.appendChild(stext);

在SVG对象上实现鼠标点击事件处理与MouseUp事件处理:

// mouse event handling

c1.addEventListener("click",changeColor,false);

c2.addEventListener("mouseup", changeColor,false);

通过SVG 图形滤镜实现高斯模糊:

[html] view plain copy

<div id="blur-image-demo">

<div id="left" style="width:20%;"><img src="woniu.png" alt="Original image" width="325" height="471"></div>

<div id="right" style="width:80%;">

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">

<defs>

<filter id="f1" x="0" y="0">

<feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="5" />

</filter>

</defs>

<image x="0" y="0" width="325" height="471" xlink:href="woniu.png" filter="url(#f1)"/>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

运行效果:



源代码,可以copy直接运行

JavaScript部分

[javascript] view plain copy

window.onload = function() {

// get DIV

var container = document.getElementById("svgContainer");

// create svg object

var mySvg = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "svg");

mySvg.setAttribute("version", "1.2");// IE9+ support SVG 1.1 version

mySvg.setAttribute("baseProfile", "tiny");

container.appendChild(mySvg);

// create svg shape - rectangle

var c1 = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "rect");

c1.setAttribute("x", "20");

c1.setAttribute("y", "20");

c1.setAttribute("width", "150");

c1.setAttribute("height", "150");

c1.setAttribute("fill", "rgb(0,0,255)");

c1.setAttribute("stroke", "rgb(0,0,0)");

c1.setAttribute("stroke-width", "4");

mySvg.appendChild(c1);

// create svg shape - circle

var c2 = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "circle");

c2.setAttribute("cx", "250");

c2.setAttribute("cy", "100");

c2.setAttribute("r", "60");

c2.setAttribute("fill", "#996699");

c2.setAttribute("stroke", "#AA99FF");

c2.setAttribute("stroke-width", "7");

mySvg.appendChild(c2);

// create svg shape - ellipse

var c3 = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "ellipse");

c3.setAttribute("cx", "450");

c3.setAttribute("cy", "100");

c3.setAttribute("rx", "100");

c3.setAttribute("ry", "50");

c3.setAttribute("fill", "#FF0000");

c3.setAttribute("stroke", "purple");

c3.setAttribute("stroke-width", "3");

mySvg.appendChild(c3);

// create svg shape - draw lines

for(var i=0; i<10; i++)

{

var sline = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "line");

var x1 = 580 + i*10;

console.log(x1);

sline.setAttribute("x1", x1.toString());

sline.setAttribute("y1", "10");

sline.setAttribute("x2", x1.toString());

sline.setAttribute("y2", "180");

sline.setAttribute("stroke", "rgb(0,255,0)");

sline.setAttribute("stroke-width", "2");

mySvg.appendChild(sline);

}

// SVG draw text

var stext = document.createElementNS("http://www.w3.org/2000/svg", "text");

stext.setAttribute("x", "700");

stext.setAttribute("y", "100");

stext.setAttribute("font-size", "18px");

stext.setAttribute("fill", "#FF0000");

var textString = document.createTextNode("Hello SVG");

stext.appendChild(textString);

mySvg.appendChild(stext);

// mouse event handling

c1.addEventListener("click", changeColor, false);

c2.addEventListener("mouseup", changeColor, false);

};

function changeColor(evt) {

var target = evt.target;

target.setAttributeNS(null, "fill", "green");

}

HTML部分:

[html] view plain copy

<html>

<head>

<title>Gloomyfish SVG Demo</title>

<style>

#svgContainer {

width:800px;

height:200px;

background-color:#EEEEEE;

}

#left { float: left;}

#right { float: right;}

</style>

</head>

<body>

<div id="svgContainer"></div>

<div id="blur-image-demo">

<div id="left" style="width:20%;"><img src="woniu.png" alt="Original image" width="325" height="471"></div>

<div id="right" style="width:80%;">

<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1">

<defs>

<filter id="f1" x="0" y="0">

<feGaussianBlur in="SourceGraphic" stdDeviation="5" />

</filter>

</defs>

<image x="0" y="0" width="325" height="471" xlink:href="woniu.png" filter="url(#f1)"/>

</svg>

</div>

</div>

</body>

</html>

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