【转】GO 环境配置

Getting Started

Install the Go toolsTest your installationUninstalling GoGetting help

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Install the Go tools

If you are upgrading from an older version of Go you must first remove the existing version.

Linux, Mac OS X, and FreeBSD tarballs

Download the archive and extract it into 

/usr/local

,
creating a Go tree in 

/usr/local/go

. For example:

tar -C /usr/local -xzf go1.5.3.linux-amd64.tar.gz

(Typically these commands must be run as root or through 

sudo

.)
Add 

/usr/local/go/bin

 to the 

PATH

 environment variable. You can do
this by adding this line to your 

/etc/profile

(for a system-wide installation) or 

$HOME/.profile

:

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin

Installing to a custom location

The Go binary distributions assume they will be installed in 

/usr/local/go

 (or 

c:\Go

 under
Windows), but it is possible to install the Go tools to a different location. In this case you must set the 

GOROOT

 environment variable to point to the directory in which it was installed.
For example, if you installed Go to your home directory you should add the following commands to

$HOME/.profile

:

export GOROOT=$HOME/go
export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin

Note: 

GOROOT

 must be set only when installing to a custom location.

Test your installation

Check that Go is installed correctly by setting up a workspace and building a simple program, as follows.

Create a directory to contain your workspace, 

$HOME/work

 for example,
and set the 

GOPATH

 environment variable to point to that location.

$ export GOPATH=$HOME/work

You should put the above command in your shell startup script (

$HOME/.profile

 for example) or, if you use Windows, follow the instructions
above to set the 

GOPATH

 environment variable on your system.

Next, make the directories 

src/github.com/user/hello

 inside your workspace (if you use GitHub, substitute your user name for 

user

),
and inside the 

hello

 directory create a file named 

hello.go

 with the following contents:

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
fmt.Printf("hello, world\n")
}

Then compile it with the 

go

 tool:

$ go install github.com/user/hello

The above command will put an executable command named 

hello

 (or 

hello.exe

) inside the 

bin

 directory
of your workspace. Execute the command to see the greeting:

$ $GOPATH/bin/hello
hello, world

If you see the "hello, world" message then your Go installation is working.

Before rushing off to write Go code please read the How to Write Go Code document, which describes some essential concepts about using the Go tools.

Uninstalling Go

To remove an existing Go installation from your system delete the 

go

 directory. This is usually 

/usr/local/go

under Linux, Mac OS
X, and FreeBSD or 

c:\Go

 under Windows.

You should also remove the Go 

bin

 directory from your 

PATH

 environment variable. Under Linux and FreeBSD you should edit 

/etc/profile

 or 

$HOME/.profile

.
If you installed Go with the Mac OS X package then you should remove the 

/etc/paths.d/go

 file.
Windows users should read the section about setting environment variables under Windows.

Getting help

For real-time help, ask the helpful gophers in 

#go-nuts

 on the Freenode IRC server.

The official mailing list for discussion of the Go language is Go Nuts.

Report bugs using the Go issue tracker.