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linux虚拟文件系统proc

2016-01-05 17:03 495 查看

Linux根目录下的/proc是系统的虚拟文件系统。其结构如下：

[code]/proc   ----1/
        |---2/
        |...(一系列以进程PID命名的文件夹)
        |---bus/  该文件夹下存放总线设备
        |---driver/
        |---fs/
        |---irq/
        |---net/
        |---scsi/
        |---sys/
        |---sysvipc/
        |---tty/
        |
        |---一些系统文件

/proc下目录

/proc/N目录

该系列目录存放对应PID的进程信息

/proc/N/cmdline 进程启动命令

[code]# cat /proc/1/cmdline 
init#

/proc/N/cwd 链接到进程当前工作目录

/proc/N/environ 进程环境变量列表

[code]# cat /proc/1/environ 
HOME=/TERM=linux#

/proc/N/exe 链接到进程的执行命令文件

[code]//不可查看

/proc/N/fd 包含进程相关的所有的文件描述符

/proc/N/maps 与进程相关的内存映射信息

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/1/maps
0047e000-0049c000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 226878     /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
0049c000-0049d000 r--p 0001d000 fd:00 226878     /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
0049d000-0049e000 rw-p 0001e000 fd:00 226878     /lib/ld-2.11.2.so
004a0000-00612000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 226879     /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00612000-00613000 ---p 00172000 fd:00 226879     /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00613000-00615000 r--p 00172000 fd:00 226879     /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00615000-00616000 rw-p 00174000 fd:00 226879     /lib/libc-2.11.2.so
00616000-00619000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
00fd9000-00fda000 r-xp 00000000 00:00 0          [vdso]
08048000-08069000 r-xp 00000000 fd:00 138093     /sbin/init
08069000-0806b000 rw-p 00020000 fd:00 138093     /sbin/init
089f3000-08a1e000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0          [heap]
b78a5000-b78a6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
b78c5000-b78c6000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0 
bfd94000-bfda9000 rw-p 00000000 00:00 0          [stack]

/proc/N/mem 指代进程持有的内存，不可读

/proc/N/root 链接到进程的根目录

/proc/N/stat 进程的状态

[code]# cat /proc/1/stat
1 (init) S 0 1 1 0 -1 4194560 111 6470671 0 0 0 561 19557 17854 20 0 1 0 10 2035712 89 2147483647 4194304 4677084 2144513120 2144512032 722244372 0 0 0 25280519 2147745052 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

/proc/N/statm 进程使用的内存的状态

[code]# cat /proc/1/statm
497 89 73 118 0 252 0

/proc/N/status 进程状态信息，比stat/statm更具可读性

[code]#  cat /proc/1/status 
Name:   init
State:  S (sleeping)
Tgid:   1
Pid:    1
PPid:   0
TracerPid:      0
Uid:    0       0       0       0
Gid:    0       0       0       0
FDSize: 32
Groups:
VmPeak:     1988 kB
VmSize:     1988 kB
VmLck:         0 kB
VmHWM:       356 kB
VmRSS:       356 kB
VmData:      872 kB
VmStk:       136 kB
VmExe:       472 kB
VmLib:       476 kB
VmPTE:        16 kB
VmSwap:        0 kB
Threads:        1
SigQ:   0/435
SigPnd: 00000000000000000000000000000000
ShdPnd: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigBlk: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigIgn: 00000000000000000000000000000000
SigCgt: 0000000000000000000000000181c007
CapInh: 0000000000000000
CapPrm: ffffffffffffffff
CapEff: fffffffffffffeff
CapBnd: ffffffffffffffff
Cpus_allowed:   1
Cpus_allowed_list:      0
voluntary_ctxt_switches:        62
nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches:     2

/proc/bus目录

该目录存放一些系统总线相关信息，如：pic、usb设备

/proc/driver目录

该目录存放设备驱动，如rtc

/proc/fs目录

文件系统信息

/proc/irq目录

中断请求设备信息

/proc/net目录

网络设备

[code]/proc/net/dev 
显示网络适配器及统计信息

/proc/scsi目录

scsi设备信息

/proc/tty目录

tty设备信息

/proc下文件

/proc/buddyinfo

每个内存区中的每个order有多少块可用，和内存碎片问题有关

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/buddyinfo
Node 0, zone      DMA     21     16     20     15      8      0      0      0      0      1      0 
Node 0, zone   Normal   4244   4360    120      3      3      1      1      1      1      0      0 
Node 0, zone  HighMem    417      3      1      3      2      0      0      0      0      0      0

/proc/cmdline

启动时传递给kernel的参数信息

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/cmdline
ro root=/dev/mapper/vg_f12-lv_root nomodeset LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rhgb quiet

# cat /proc/cmdline    
console=ttyS1,57600n8 root=/dev/ram0 console=ttyS0

/proc/cpuinfo

cpu的信息

[code]# cat /proc/cpuinfo 
system type             : MT7620
processor               : 0
cpu model               : MIPS 24Kc V5.0
BogoMIPS                : 386.04
wait instruction        : yes
microsecond timers      : yes
tlb_entries             : 32
extra interrupt vector  : yes
hardware watchpoint     : yes, count: 4, address/irw mask: [0x0004, 0x0a1c, 0x0ff8, 0x0973]
ASEs implemented        : mips16 dsp
shadow register sets    : 1
core                    : 0
VCED exceptions         : not available
VCEI exceptions         : not available

/proc/crypto

内核使用的所有已安装的加密密码及细节

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/crypto
name         : stdrng
driver       : krng
module       : kernel
priority     : 200
refcnt       : 1
selftest     : passed
type         : rng
seedsize     : 0

name         : crc32c
driver       : crc32c-generic
module       : kernel
priority     : 100
refcnt       : 1
selftest     : passed
type         : shash
blocksize    : 1
digestsize   : 4
descsize     : 4

name         : sha1
driver       : sha1-generic
module       : kernel
priority     : 0
refcnt       : 1
selftest     : passed
type         : shash
blocksize    : 64
digestsize   : 20
descsize     : 92

name         : md5
driver       : md5-generic
module       : kernel
priority     : 0
refcnt       : 1
selftest     : passed
type         : shash
blocksize    : 64
digestsize   : 16
descsize     : 88

/proc/devices

已经加载的设备并分类

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/devices 
Character devices:
  1 mem
  4 /dev/vc/0
  4 tty
  4 ttyS
  5 /dev/tty
  5 /dev/console
  5 /dev/ptmx
  7 vcs
 10 misc
 13 input
 21 sg
 29 fb
 81 video4linux
 99 ppdev
128 ptm
136 pts
162 raw
180 usb
189 usb_device
202 cpu/msr
203 cpu/cpuid
250 hidraw
251 usbmon
252 bsg
253 pcmcia
254 rtc

Block devices:
  1 ramdisk
  2 fd
259 blkext
  7 loop
  8 sd
  9 md
 11 sr
 65 sd
 66 sd
 67 sd
 68 sd
 69 sd
 70 sd
 71 sd
128 sd
129 sd
130 sd
131 sd
132 sd
133 sd
134 sd
135 sd
253 device-mapper
254 mdp

/proc/dma

已注册使用的ISA DMA频道列表

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/dma
 2: floppy
 4: cascade

/proc/execdomains

Linux内核当前支持的execution domains

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/execdomains
0-0 Linux               [kernel]

/proc/fb

帧缓冲设备列表，包括数量和控制它的驱动

/proc/filesystems

内核当前支持的文件系统类型

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/filesystems 
nodev   sysfs
nodev   rootfs
nodev   bdev
nodev   proc
nodev   cgroup
nodev   cpuset
nodev   binfmt_misc
nodev   debugfs
nodev   securityfs
nodev   sockfs
nodev   usbfs
nodev   pipefs
nodev   anon_inodefs
nodev   tmpfs
nodev   inotifyfs
nodev   devpts
    ext3
    ext4
    ext4dev
nodev   ramfs
nodev   hugetlbfs
    iso9660
nodev   mqueue
nodev   selinuxfs
nodev   vmhgfs
nodev   fuse
    fuseblk
nodev   fusectl
nodev   rpc_pipefs
nodev   nfsd

/proc/interrupts

x86架构中的每个IRQ中断数

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/interrupts 
            CPU0       CPU1       
   0:       2523          0   IO-APIC-edge      timer
   1:          9      59587   IO-APIC-edge      i8042
   3:          0          1   IO-APIC-edge    
   4:          1          0   IO-APIC-edge    
   6:          2          3   IO-APIC-edge      floppy
   7:          0          0   IO-APIC-edge      parport0
   8:          1          0   IO-APIC-edge      rtc0
   9:          0          0   IO-APIC-fasteoi   acpi
  12:        101     414159   IO-APIC-edge      i8042
  14:          0          0   IO-APIC-edge      ata_piix
  15:    2052469    3722477   IO-APIC-edge      ata_piix
  16:          0          0   IO-APIC-fasteoi   ehci_hcd:usb1
  17:     663267        137   IO-APIC-fasteoi   ioc0
  18:         60       6412   IO-APIC-fasteoi   uhci_hcd:usb2
  19:          6    1132951   IO-APIC-fasteoi   eth7
  24:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  25:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  26:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  27:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  28:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  29:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  30:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  31:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  32:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  33:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  34:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  35:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  36:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  37:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  38:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  39:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  40:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  41:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  42:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  43:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  44:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  45:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  46:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  47:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  48:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  49:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  50:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  51:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  52:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  53:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  54:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  55:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      pciehp
  56:          3          0   PCI-MSI-edge      vmci
  57:          0          0   PCI-MSI-edge      vmci
 NMI:          0          0   Non-maskable interrupts
 LOC:   28580837   13167838   Local timer interrupts
 SPU:          0          0   Spurious interrupts
 CNT:          0          0   Performance counter interrupts
 PND:          0          0   Performance pending work
 RES:    1661910    3545173   Rescheduling interrupts
 CAL:        130        198   Function call interrupts
 TLB:      71869      54124   TLB shootdowns
 TRM:          0          0   Thermal event interrupts
 THR:          0          0   Threshold APIC interrupts
 MCE:          0          0   Machine check exceptions
 MCP:       2338       2338   Machine check polls
 ERR:          0
 MIS:          0

/proc/iomem

每个物理设备当前在系统内存中的映射

[code]# cat /proc/iomem 
00000000-03ffffff : System RAM
  00000000-004c5ff3 : Kernel code
  004c5ff4-005bceff : Kernel data
101c0000-101c0fff : rt3xxx-ehci
  101c0000-101c0fff : ehci_hcd
101c1000-101c1fff : rt3xxx-ohci
  101c1000-101c1fff : ohci_hcd
20000000-2fffffff : PCI MEM1
  20000000-200fffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
    20000000-200fffff : 0000:01:00.0
  20100000-201fffff : PCI Bus 0000:01
    20100000-2010ffff : 0000:01:00.0
  20200000-2020ffff : 0000:00:00.0
b0130000-b0133fff : mtk-sd.0
  b0130000-b0133fff : mtk-sd

/proc/ioports

一个设备的输入输出所使用的注册端口范围

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/ioports
0000-001f : dma1
0020-0021 : pic1
0040-0043 : timer0
0050-0053 : timer1
0060-0060 : keyboard
0064-0064 : keyboard
0070-0071 : rtc0
0080-008f : dma page reg
00a0-00a1 : pic2
00c0-00df : dma2
00f0-00ff : fpu
0170-0177 : 0000:00:07.1
  0170-0177 : ata_piix
01f0-01f7 : 0000:00:07.1
  01f0-01f7 : ata_piix
02f8-02ff : serial
0376-0376 : 0000:00:07.1
  0376-0376 : ata_piix
0378-037a : parport0
03c0-03df : vga+
03f2-03f2 : floppy
03f4-03f5 : floppy
03f6-03f6 : 0000:00:07.1
  03f6-03f6 : ata_piix
03f7-03f7 : floppy
03f8-03ff : serial
0cf0-0cf1 : pnp 00:01
0cf8-0cff : PCI conf1
1000-103f : 0000:00:07.3
  1000-103f : pnp 00:01
    1000-1003 : ACPI PM1a_EVT_BLK
    1004-1005 : ACPI PM1a_CNT_BLK
    1008-100b : ACPI PM_TMR
    100c-100f : ACPI GPE0_BLK
    1010-1015 : ACPI CPU throttle
1040-104f : 0000:00:07.3
  1040-104f : pnp 00:01
1060-106f : 0000:00:07.1
  1060-106f : ata_piix
1070-107f : 0000:00:0f.0
1080-10bf : 0000:00:07.7
  1080-10bf : vmci
1400-14ff : 0000:00:10.0
2000-3fff : PCI Bus 0000:02
  2000-207f : 0000:02:01.0
    2000-2063 : vmxnet ether
  2080-209f : 0000:02:00.0
    2080-209f : uhci_hcd
4000-4fff : PCI Bus 0000:03
5000-5fff : PCI Bus 0000:0b
6000-6fff : PCI Bus 0000:13
7000-7fff : PCI Bus 0000:1b
8000-8fff : PCI Bus 0000:04
9000-9fff : PCI Bus 0000:0c
a000-afff : PCI Bus 0000:14
b000-bfff : PCI Bus 0000:1c
c000-cfff : PCI Bus 0000:05
d000-dfff : PCI Bus 0000:0d
e000-efff : PCI Bus 0000:15
fce0-fcff : pnp 00:0d

/proc/kcore

代表系统的物理内存，存储为核心文件格式，里边显示的是字节数，等于RAM大小加上4kb

/proc/kmsg

记录内核生成的信息，可以通过/sbin/klogd或/bin/dmesg来处理

/proc/loadavg

根据过去一段时间内CPU和IO的状态得出的负载状态，与uptime命令有关

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/loadavg 
0.00 0.00 0.00 2/272 32516

/proc/locks

内核锁住的文件列表

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/locks
1: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 31359 fd:00:206094 0 EOF
2: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 31357 fd:00:206093 0 EOF
3: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  26544 fd:00:201571 4 4
4: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  26544 fd:00:201340 4 4
5: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 15874 fd:00:206363 0 EOF
6: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 15874 fd:00:206362 0 EOF
7: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 15874 fd:00:206345 0 EOF
8: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1751 fd:00:201340 4 4
9: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 1741 fd:00:133258 0 EOF
10: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1719 fd:00:201552 4 4
11: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1719 fd:00:201551 4 4
12: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1719 fd:00:201550 4 4
13: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1719 fd:00:201549 4 4
14: POSIX  ADVISORY  READ  1719 fd:00:201340 4 4
15: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 1719 fd:00:206101 0 0
16: POSIX  ADVISORY  WRITE 1596 fd:00:206095 0 EOF
17: FLOCK  ADVISORY  WRITE 1209 fd:00:133492 0 EOF
18: FLOCK  ADVISORY  WRITE 1093 fd:00:132755 0 EOF

/proc/mdstat

多硬盘，RAID配置信息(md=multiple disks)

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/mdstat 
Personalities : 
unused devices: <none>

/proc/meminfo

RAM使用的相关信息

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/meminfo 
MemTotal:        1027080 kB
MemFree:           56404 kB
Buffers:          240168 kB
Cached:           413020 kB
SwapCached:         1836 kB
Active:           457168 kB
Inactive:         328708 kB
Active(anon):      12500 kB
Inactive(anon):   124352 kB
Active(file):     444668 kB
Inactive(file):   204356 kB
Unevictable:           0 kB
Mlocked:               0 kB
HighTotal:        141256 kB
HighFree:            672 kB
LowTotal:         885824 kB
LowFree:           55732 kB
SwapTotal:       2621432 kB
SwapFree:        2604048 kB
Dirty:                 8 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:        131308 kB
Mapped:            42752 kB
Slab:             164156 kB
SReclaimable:     139156 kB
SUnreclaim:        25000 kB
PageTables:         7284 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     3134972 kB
Committed_AS:     801660 kB
VmallocTotal:     122880 kB
VmallocUsed:        3488 kB
VmallocChunk:     110284 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:       10232 kB
DirectMap2M:      897024 kB

/proc/misc

其他的主要设备(设备号为10)上注册的驱动

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/misc 
229 fuse
 57 vsock
223 uinput
 58 vmci
 59 network_throughput
 60 network_latency
 61 cpu_dma_latency
 62 device-mapper
175 agpgart
144 nvram
228 hpet
231 snapshot
227 mcelog
 63 vga_arbiter

/proc/modules

所有加载到内核的模块列表

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/modules 
gspca_zc3xx 44648 0 - Live 0xf7eff000
gspca_main 19556 1 gspca_zc3xx, Live 0xf7ee9000
videodev 30160 1 gspca_main, Live 0xf7e78000
v4l1_compat 12312 1 videodev, Live 0xf7e68000
ipt_MASQUERADE 2788 1 - Live 0xf8a49000
iptable_nat 6068 1 - Live 0xf8a3b000
nf_nat 18008 2 ipt_MASQUERADE,iptable_nat, Live 0xf8a2c000
bridge 43992 0 - Live 0xf89c3000
stp 1988 1 bridge, Live 0xf89af000
llc 4960 2 bridge,stp, Live 0xf89a5000
nfsd 209700 1 - Live 0xf8968000
lockd 59892 1 nfsd, Live 0xf891c000
nfs_acl 2488 1 nfsd, Live 0xf8904000
auth_rpcgss 31160 1 nfsd, Live 0xf88f4000
exportfs 3736 1 nfsd, Live 0xf88e6000
sunrpc 158388 5 nfsd,lockd,nfs_acl,auth_rpcgss, Live 0xf88b6000
ipv6 239428 28 - Live 0xf8824000
fuse 52712 4 - Live 0xf87ad000
vmhgfs 43276 1 - Live 0xf878d000
vsock 37540 0 - Live 0xf85f1000
vmmemctl 10896 0 - Live 0xf84cb000
dm_multipath 14472 0 - Live 0xf7e72000
uinput 6852 0 - Live 0xf7e55000
ppdev 8200 0 - Live 0xf7e39000
vmci 63396 2 vmhgfs,vsock, Live 0xf82b8000
parport_pc 22748 0 - Live 0xf8176000
parport 29300 2 ppdev,parport_pc, Live 0xf815e000
i2c_piix4 11968 0 - Live 0xf814a000
i2c_core 23160 2 videodev,i2c_piix4, Live 0xf8138000
vmxnet 16620 0 - Live 0xf7ee2000
mptspi 15640 2 - Live 0xf7eb7000
mptscsih 26692 1 mptspi, Live 0xf7eae000
mptbase 71816 2 mptspi,mptscsih, Live 0xf7e83000
scsi_transport_spi 19500 1 mptspi, Live 0xf7e61000
floppy 47700 0 - Live 0xf7e47000

/proc/mounts

系统中使用的所有挂载

[code]# cat /proc/mounts 
rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0
proc /proc proc rw,relatime 0 0
none /var ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /dev ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /etc ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /tmp ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /media ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
none /sys sysfs rw,relatime 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,relatime,mode=600 0 0
mdev /dev ramfs rw,relatime 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,relatime,mode=600 0 0
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /media/mmcblk0p1 fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0
/dev/mmcblk0p1 /etc_ro/lighttpd/www/avres fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096 0 0

/proc/mtrr

系统使用的Memory Type Range Registers (MTRRs)

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/mtrr
reg00: base=0x000000000 (    0MB), size= 1024MB, count=1: write-back

/proc/partitions

分区中的块分配信息

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/partitions 
major minor  #blocks  name

   8        0  134217728 sda
   8        1     204800 sda1
   8        2  134010211 sda2
 253        0  131387392 dm-0
 253        1    2621440 dm-1

/proc/pci

系统中的PCI设备列表

/proc/slabinfo

系统中所有活动的 slab 缓存信息

[code]# cat /proc/slabinfo 
slabinfo - version: 2.1
# name            <active_objs> <num_objs> <objsize> <objperslab> <pagesperslab> : tunables <limit> <batchcount> <sharedfactor> : slabdata <active_slabs> <num_slabs> <sharedavail>
bridge_fdb_cache       3    113     32  113    1 : tunables  120   60    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
fib6_nodes            16    113     32  113    1 : tunables  120   60    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
ip6_dst_cache         20     30    256   15    1 : tunables  120   60    0 : slabdata      2      2      0
ndisc_cache            5     24    160   24    1 : tunables  120   60    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
RAWv6                  4      6    640    6    1 : tunables   54   27    0 : slabdata      1      1      0
...

/proc/stat

所有的CPU活动信息

[code]# cat /proc/stat 
cpu  73845 0 114281 51302017 8 0 100151 0 0 0
cpu0 73845 0 114281 51302017 8 0 100151 0 0 0
intr 180814944 0 0 0 1018318 50103427 128966359 0 0 0 0 0 0 726488 0 198 0 0 153 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
ctxt 9002115
btime 0
processes 412041
procs_running 1
procs_blocked 0
softirq 178599504 45918244 128965137 169327 1416824 0 0 709525 0 0 1420447

/proc/sysrq-trigger

使用echo命令来写这个文件的时候，远程root用户可以执行大多数的系统请求关键命令，就好像在本地终端执行一样。要写入这个文件，需要把/proc/sys/kernel/sysrq不能设置为0。这个文件对root也是不可读的

/proc/uptime

系统已经运行了多久

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/uptime
708666.58 1377324.62

/proc/swaps

交换空间的使用情况

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/swaps 
Filename                Type        Size    Used    Priority
/dev/mapper/vg_f12-lv_swap              partition   2621432 17384   -1

/proc/version

Linux内核版本和gcc版本

[code][root@F12 t11]# cat /proc/version 
Linux version 2.6.31.5-127.fc12.i686.PAE (mockbuild@x86-3.fedora.phx.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.4.2 20091027 (Red Hat 4.4.2-7) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Sat Nov 7 21:25:57 EST 2009

# cat /proc/version 
Linux version 2.6.36 (root@F12) (gcc version 3.4.2) #25 Wed Dec 30 15:01:16 CST 2015

/proc/ide

ide设备信息

/proc/vmstat

虚拟内存统计信息

[code]# cat /proc/vmstat 
nr_free_pages 6646
nr_inactive_anon 0
nr_active_anon 458
nr_inactive_file 3165
nr_active_file 1151
nr_unevictable 0
nr_mlock 0
nr_anon_pages 464
nr_mapped 314
nr_file_pages 4316
nr_dirty 0
nr_writeback 0
nr_slab_reclaimable 1135
nr_slab_unreclaimable 1658
nr_page_table_pages 65
nr_kernel_stack 40
nr_unstable 0
nr_bounce 0
nr_vmscan_write 0
nr_writeback_temp 0
nr_isolated_anon 0
nr_isolated_file 0
nr_shmem 0

/proc/vmcore

内核panic时的内存映像

/proc/diskstats

取得磁盘信息

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/diskstats 
   1       0 ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       1 ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       2 ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       3 ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       4 ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       5 ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       6 ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       7 ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       8 ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       9 ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      10 ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      11 ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      12 ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      13 ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      14 ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      15 ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       0 loop0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       1 loop1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       2 loop2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       3 loop3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       4 loop4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       5 loop5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       6 loop6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   7       7 loop7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  11       0 sr0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   2       0 fd0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   8       0 sda 636497 21176 11405890 12839819 140760 431327 4408732 15069993 0 3733362 27908407
   8       1 sda1 233 1502 5844 1427 7 1 28 5 0 713 1432
   8       2 sda2 636236 19577 11399046 12837936 119761 431326 4408704 15069485 0 3732777 27906038
 253       0 dm-0 654545 0 11391458 13532637 546908 0 4371216 66773885 0 3711632 80307161
 253       1 dm-1 835 0 6680 9963 4686 0 37488 484596 0 28949 494559

# cat /proc/diskstats
   1       0 ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       1 ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       2 ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       3 ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       4 ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       5 ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       6 ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       7 ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       8 ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1       9 ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      10 ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      11 ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      12 ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      13 ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      14 ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   1      15 ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  31       0 mtdblock0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  31       1 mtdblock1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  31       2 mtdblock2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  31       3 mtdblock3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  31       4 mtdblock4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
 179       0 mmcblk0 56 1633 2610 144 3 0 0 0 0 124 144
 179       1 mmcblk0p1 40 1624 2485 128 0 0 0 0 0 108 128

/proc/schedstat

kernel调度器的统计信息

[code][root@F12 ~]# cat /proc/schedstat 
version 15
timestamp 709068549
cpu0 24934 0 36895770 14884682 20338545 18793633 6426725307833 2621805225292 21933940
domain0 00000003 1364787 1323284 31537 81322500 10813 1234 385 1322899 412323 412001 95 1488417 277 3 1 412000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1397074 110223 8843
cpu1 39083 0 36999115 11842635 22273051 20875974 5978531477970 3210542306167 25106143
domain0 00000003 1608334 1592831 9886 37120190 6146 620 11 1592820 59350 58963 115 835677 319 4 0 58963 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146 3 143 0 0 0 0 0 0 1544912 90561 7684

/proc/zoneinfo

显示内存空间的统计信息，对分析虚拟内存行为很有用

[code]# cat /proc/zoneinfo 
Node 0, zone   Normal
  pages free     6649
        min      512
        low      640
        high     768
        scanned  0
        spanned  16384
        present  16256
    nr_free_pages 6649
    nr_inactive_anon 0
    nr_active_anon 457
    nr_inactive_file 3165
    nr_active_file 1151
    nr_unevictable 0
    nr_mlock     0
    nr_anon_pages 464
    nr_mapped    314
    nr_file_pages 4316
    nr_dirty     0
    nr_writeback 0
    nr_slab_reclaimable 1135
    nr_slab_unreclaimable 1654
    nr_page_table_pages 66
    nr_kernel_stack 40
    nr_unstable  0
    nr_bounce    0
    nr_vmscan_write 0
    nr_writeback_temp 0
    nr_isolated_anon 0
    nr_isolated_file 0
    nr_shmem     0
        protection: (0, 0)
  pagesets
    cpu: 0
              count: 3
              high:  18
              batch: 3
  all_unreclaimable: 0
  start_pfn:         0
  inactive_ratio:    1

/proc/self 链接到当前正在运行的进程

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