Window Styles


1.WNDCLASS structure。

typedef struct tagWNDCLASS {
UINT      style;
WNDPROC   lpfnWndProc;
int       cbClsExtra;
int       cbWndExtra;
HINSTANCE hInstance;
HICON     hIcon;
HCURSOR   hCursor;
HBRUSH    hbrBackground;
LPCTSTR   lpszMenuName;
LPCTSTR   lpszClassName;
} WNDCLASS, *PWNDCLASS;

style
Type: UINT

The class style(s). This member can be any combination of the
Class Styles.

lpfnWndProc
Type: WNDPROC

A pointer to the window procedure. You must use the
CallWindowProc function to call the window procedure. For more information, see

WindowProc.

cbClsExtra
Type: int

The number of extra bytes to allocate following the window-class structure. The system initializes the bytes to zero.

cbWndExtra
Type: int

The number of extra bytes to allocate following the window instance. The system initializes the bytes to zero. If an application uses
WNDCLASS to register a dialog box created by using the CLASS directive in the resource file, it must set this member to
DLGWINDOWEXTRA.

hInstance
Type: HINSTANCE

A handle to the instance that contains the window procedure for the class.

hIcon
Type: HICON

A handle to the class icon. This member must be a handle to an icon resource. If this member is
NULL, the system provides a default icon.

hCursor
Type: HCURSOR

A handle to the class cursor. This member must be a handle to a cursor resource. If this member is
NULL, an application must explicitly set the cursor shape whenever the mouse moves into the application's window.

hbrBackground
Type: HBRUSH

A handle to the class background brush. This member can be a handle to the physical brush to be used for painting the background, or it can be a color value. A color value must be one of the following standard system colors (the value 1 must be added to
the chosen color). If a color value is given, you must convert it to one of the following
HBRUSH types:

COLOR_ACTIVEBORDER
COLOR_ACTIVECAPTION
COLOR_APPWORKSPACE
COLOR_BACKGROUND
COLOR_BTNFACE
COLOR_BTNSHADOW
COLOR_BTNTEXT
COLOR_CAPTIONTEXT
COLOR_GRAYTEXT
COLOR_HIGHLIGHT
COLOR_HIGHLIGHTTEXT
COLOR_INACTIVEBORDER
COLOR_INACTIVECAPTION
COLOR_MENU
COLOR_MENUTEXT
COLOR_SCROLLBAR
COLOR_WINDOW
COLOR_WINDOWFRAME
COLOR_WINDOWTEXT

The system automatically deletes class background brushes when the class is unregistered by using

UnregisterClass. An application should not delete these brushes.

When this member is NULL, an application must paint its own background whenever it is requested to paint in its client area. To determine whether the background must be painted, an application can either process the

WM_ERASEBKGND message or test the fErase member of the

PAINTSTRUCT structure filled by the
BeginPaint function.

lpszMenuName
Type: LPCTSTR

The resource name of the class menu, as the name appears in the resource file. If you use an integer to identify the menu, use the

MAKEINTRESOURCE macro. If this member is NULL, windows belonging to this class have no default menu.

lpszClassName
Type: LPCTSTR

A pointer to a null-terminated string or is an atom. If this parameter is an atom, it must be a class atom created by a previous call to the

RegisterClass or
RegisterClassEx function. The atom must be in the low-order word of
lpszClassName; the high-order word must be zero.

If lpszClassName is a string, it specifies the window class name. The class name can be any name registered with

RegisterClass or
RegisterClassEx, or any of the predefined control-class names.

The maximum length for lpszClassName is 256. If lpszClassName is greater than the maximum length, the

RegisterClass function will fail.

2.The following are the window styles. After the window has been created, these styles cannot be modified, except as noted.

Constant/value	Description
WS_BORDER0x00800000L	The window has a thin-line border.
WS_CAPTION0x00C00000L	The window has a title bar (includes the WS_BORDER style).
WS_CHILD0x40000000L	The window is a child window. A window with this style cannot have a menu bar. This style cannot be used with theWS_POPUP style.
WS_CHILDWINDOW0x40000000L	Same as the WS_CHILD style.
WS_CLIPCHILDREN0x02000000L	Excludes the area occupied by child windows when drawing occurs within the parent window. This style is used when creating the parent window.
WS_CLIPSIBLINGS0x04000000L	Clips child windows relative to each other; that is, when a particular child window receives aWM_PAINT message, the WS_CLIPSIBLINGS style clips all other overlapping child windows out of the region of the child window to be updated. IfWS_CLIPSIBLINGS is not specified and child windows overlap, it is possible, when drawing within the client area of a child window, to draw within the client area of a neighboring child window.
WS_DISABLED0x08000000L	The window is initially disabled. A disabled window cannot receive input from the user. To change this after a window has been created, use theEnableWindow function.
WS_DLGFRAME0x00400000L	The window has a border of a style typically used with dialog boxes. A window with this style cannot have a title bar.
WS_GROUP0x00020000L	The window is the first control of a group of controls. The group consists of this first control and all controls defined after it, up to the next control with theWS_GROUP style. The first control in each group usually has the WS_TABSTOP style so that the user can move from group to group. The user can subsequently change the keyboard focus from one control in the group to the next control in the group by using the direction keys. You can turn this style on and off to change dialog box navigation. To change this style after a window has been created, use theSetWindowLong function.
WS_HSCROLL0x00100000L	The window has a horizontal scroll bar.
WS_ICONIC0x20000000L	The window is initially minimized. Same as the WS_MINIMIZE style.
WS_MAXIMIZE0x01000000L	The window is initially maximized.
WS_MAXIMIZEBOX0x00010000L	The window has a maximize button. Cannot be combined with the WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP style. TheWS_SYSMENU style must also be specified.
WS_MINIMIZE0x20000000L	The window is initially minimized. Same as the WS_ICONIC style.
WS_MINIMIZEBOX0x00020000L	The window has a minimize button. Cannot be combined with the WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP style. TheWS_SYSMENU style must also be specified.
WS_OVERLAPPED0x00000000L	The window is an overlapped window. An overlapped window has a title bar and a border. Same as theWS_TILED style.
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW(WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_THICKFRAME | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX)	The window is an overlapped window. Same as the WS_TILEDWINDOW style.
WS_POPUP0x80000000L	The windows is a pop-up window. This style cannot be used with the WS_CHILD style.
WS_POPUPWINDOW(WS_POPUP | WS_BORDER | WS_SYSMENU)	The window is a pop-up window. The WS_CAPTION and WS_POPUPWINDOW styles must be combined to make the window menu visible.
WS_SIZEBOX0x00040000L	The window has a sizing border. Same as the WS_THICKFRAME style.
WS_SYSMENU0x00080000L	The window has a window menu on its title bar. The WS_CAPTION style must also be specified.
WS_TABSTOP0x00010000L	The window is a control that can receive the keyboard focus when the user presses the TAB key. Pressing the TAB key changes the keyboard focus to the next control with theWS_TABSTOP style. You can turn this style on and off to change dialog box navigation. To change this style after a window has been created, use theSetWindowLong function. For user-created windows and modeless dialogs to work with tab stops, alter the message loop to call theIsDialogMessage function.
WS_THICKFRAME0x00040000L	The window has a sizing border. Same as the WS_SIZEBOX style.
WS_TILED0x00000000L	The window is an overlapped window. An overlapped window has a title bar and a border. Same as theWS_OVERLAPPED style.
WS_TILEDWINDOW(WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_THICKFRAME | WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX)	The window is an overlapped window. Same as the WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW style.
WS_VISIBLE0x10000000L	The window is initially visible. This style can be turned on and off by using the ShowWindow or SetWindowPos function.
WS_VSCROLL0x00200000L	The window has a vertical scroll bar.

Requirements

Minimum supported client	Windows 2000 Professional [desktop apps only]
Minimum supported server	Windows 2000 Server [desktop apps only]
Header	Winuser.h (include Windows.h)