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C/C++跨平台的的预编译宏

2015-12-02 15:55 513 查看

我们在编译一些跨平台的程序的时候难免会遇到_WIN32 __linux__什么之类的SDK或者编译器环境预定义的宏。有很多，之前还分不清_WIN32 和WIN32的区别。不过这里还好有个列表，做个备忘。

Please send updates/corrections to predef-contribute.

AIX


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_AIX
Version	_AIX'VR'	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	__TOS_AIX__	Defined by xlC

Example
If

_AIX

is defined, then the following macros can be used to determine the version. Notice that the macros indicates the mentioned version or higher. For example, if

_AIX43

is defined, then

_AIX41

will also be defined.


AIX Version	Macro
3.2.x	_AIX3 _AIX32
4.1	_AIX41
4.3	_AIX43

Android


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__ANDROID__
Version	__ANDROID_API__	V	V = API Version Must be included from <android/api-level.h>

Notice that Android is based on Linux, and that the Linux macros also are defined for Android.

Example


Android Version	__ANDROID_API__
1.0	1
1.1	2
1.5	3
1.6	4
2.0	5
2.0.1	6
2.1	7
2.2	8
2.3	9
2.3.3	10
3.0	11

Amdahl UTS


Type	Macro
Identification	UTS

AmigaOS


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	AMIGA
Identification	__amigaos__	Defined by GNU C

Apollo AEGIS


Type	Macro
Identification	aegis

Apollo Domain/OS


Type	Macro
Identification	apollo

BeOS


Type	Macro
Identification	__BEOS__

Blue Gene


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__bg__	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++ and GNU C
Version	__bgq__	Blue Gene/Q Defined for XL C/C++ and GNU C
Identification	__THW_BLUEGENE__	All Blue Gene systems Defined by XL C/C++
Version	__TOS_BGQ__	Blue Gene/Q Defined by XL C/C++

BSD Environment


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__FreeBSD__ __NetBSD__ __OpenBSD__ __bsdi__ __DragonFly__
Version	BSD	YYYYMM	YYYY = Year MM = Month Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	BSD4_2 BSD4_3 BSD4_4		Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Identification	_SYSTYPE_BSD		Defined by DEC C

Example


Version	BSD	Macro
4.3 Net2	199103
4.4	199306	BSD4_4
4.4BSD-Lite2	199506

BSD/OS


Type	Macro
Identification	__bsdi__

ConvexOS


Type	Macro
Identification	__convex__

Cygwin Environment


Type	Macro
Identification	__CYGWIN__

DG/UX


Type	Macro
Identification	DGUX
Identification	__DGUX__
Identification	__dgux__

DragonFly


Type	Macro
Identification	__DragonFly__

DYNIX/ptx


Type	Macro
Identification	_SEQUENT_
Identification	sequent

eCos


Type	Macro
Identification	__ECOS

EMX Environment


Type	Macro
Identification	__EMX__

FreeBSD


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__FreeBSD__
Identification	__FreeBSD_kernel__		From FreeBSD 8.3, 9.1, and 10.0.1
Version	BSD
Version	__FreeBSD__	V	V = Version
Version	__FreeBSD_version	?	Must be included from <osreldate.h>

Example


FreeBSD	__FreeBSD__	__FreeBSD_version
1.x	1
2.0-RELEASE	2	119411
2.2-RELEASE	2	220000
3.0-RELEASE	3	300005
4.0-RELEASE	4	400017
4.5-RELEASE	4	450000

For more information see the FreeBSD porters handbook.

The official name of this operating system is GNU. Hurd is the kernel in the GNU operating system. It is often listed as GNU/Hurd since there is also GNU/Linux and GNU/kFreeBSD, which are most of the GNU operating system with the Linux and FreeBSD kernels respectively.


Type	Macro
Identification	__GNU__ 1
Identification	__gnu_hurd__ 1

GNU/kFreeBSD

GNU/kFreeBSD is one of the Debian distros that is based on the FreeBSD kernel rather than the Linux or Hurd kernels.

Type

Macro

Identification

__FreeBSD_kernel__

&&

__GLIBC__

Notice that FreeBSD also defines

__FreeBSD_kernel__

so the

__GLIBC__

macro must be checked to distinguish it.

GNU/Linux


Type	Macro
Identification	__gnu_linux__

HI-UX MPP


Type	Macro
Identification	__hiuxmpp

HP-UX


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_hpux	Defined by HP UPC
Identification	hpux
Identification	__hpux

IBM OS/400


Type	Macro
Identification	__OS400__

INTEGRITY


Type	Macro
Identification	__INTEGRITY

Interix Environment


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__INTERIX	Defined by GNU C and Visual Studio

IRIX


Type	Macro
Identification	sgi
Identification	__sgi

Linux kernel

Systems based on the Linux kernel define these macros. There are two major Linux-based operating systems: GNU/Linux andAndroid, and numerous others like Ångström or OpenEmbedded


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__linux__	1
Identification	linux	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)
Identification	__linux	Obsolete (not POSIX compliant)

LynxOS


Type	Macro
Identification	__Lynx__

MacOS


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	macintosh	Mac OS 9
Identification	Macintosh	Mac OS 9
Identification	__APPLE__ && __MACH__	Mac OS X Defined by GNU C and Intel C++

Microware OS-9


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__OS9000	Defined by Ultimate C/C++
Identification	_OSK	Defined by Ultimate C/C++

MINIX


Type	Macro
Identification	__minix

MorphOS


Type	Macro
Identification	__MORPHOS__

MPE/iX


Type	Macro
Identification	mpeix
Identification	__mpexl

MSDOS


Type	Macro
Identification	MSDOS
Identification	__MSDOS__
Identification	_MSDOS
Identification	__DOS__

NetBSD


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__NetBSD__
Version	BSD
Version	NetBSD'V'_'R'		V = Version R = Revision Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	__NetBSD_Version__	VVRRAAPP00	VV = Version RR = Revision AA = Release PP = Patch From NetBSD 1.2D (?) until NetBSD 2.0H Must be included from <sys/param.h>
Version	__NetBSD_Version__	VVRR00PP00	VV = Version RR = Revision PP = Patch From NetBSD 2.99.9 Must be included from <sys/param.h>

Example


NetBSD	__NetBSD_Version__	Macro
0.8		NetBSD0_8
0.9		NetBSD0_9
1.0		NetBSD1_0 = 1
1.0A		NetBSD1_0 = 2
1.2D	102040000
1.2.1	102000100

NonStop


Type	Macro
Identification	__TANDEM

Nucleus RTOS


Type	Macro
Identification	__nucleus__

OpenBSD


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__OpenBSD__
Version	BSD
Version	OpenBSD'V'_'R'		V = Version R = Revision Must be included from <sys/param.h>

Example


OpenBSD	Macro
3.1	OpenBSD3_1
3.9	OpenBSD3_9

OS/2


Type	Macro
Identification	OS2
Identification	_OS2
Identification	__OS2__
Identification	__TOS_OS2__

Palm OS


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__palmos__	Defined by GNU C in PRC-Tools

Plan 9


Type	Macro
Identification	EPLAN9

Pyramid DC/OSx


Type	Macro
Identification	pyr

QNX


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__QNX__		QNX 4.x
Identification	__QNXNTO__		QNX 6.x
Version	_NTO_VERSION	VRR	V = Version RR = Revision Only available when __QNXNTO__ is defined. Must be included from <sys/neutrino.h>
Version	BBNDK_VERSION_CURRENT	VVRRRRPPPP	V = Version RRRR = Revision PPPP = Patch Only available on Blackberry 10 From Blackberry 10.1.0 Must be included from <bbndk.h>

Example


QNX	_NTO_VERSION
6.2	620

Reliant UNIX


Type	Macro
Identification	sinux

SCO OpenServer


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	M_I386	Defined by GNU C
Identification	M_XENIX	Defined by GNU C
Identification	_SCO_DS

Solaris


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	sun
Identification	__sun
Version	__'System'_'Version'	System = uname -s Version = uname -r Any illegal character is replaced by an underscore. Defined by Sun Studio

Use the SVR4 macros to distinguish between Solaris and SunOS.

#if defined(sun) || defined(__sun)
# if defined(__SVR4) || defined(__svr4__)
/* Solaris */
# else
/* SunOS */
# endif
#endif

Example


Solaris	Macro
2.7	__SunOS_5_7
8	__SunOS_5_8

Stratus VOS


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	__VOS__
Version	__VOS__	V	V = Version

Notice that the

__VOS__

macro is defined by the compiler, but as several compilers can co-exist in the same OS release, the version number is not reliable.

SVR4 Environment


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__sysv__
Identification	__SVR4
Identification	__svr4__
Identification	_SYSTYPE_SVR4	Defined on IRIX

Syllable


Type	Macro
Identification	__SYLLABLE__

Symbian OS


Type	Macro
Identification	__SYMBIAN32__

Tru64 (OSF/1)


Type	Macro
Identification	__osf__
Identification	__osf

Ultrix


Type	Macro
Identification	ultrix
Identification	__ultrix
Identification	__ultrix__
Identification	unix & vax

UNICOS


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_UNICOS
Version	_UNICOS	V	V = Version

UNICOS/mp

Type

Macro

Description

Identification

_CRAY

__crayx1

UNIX Environment


Type	Macro
Identification	__unix__
Identification	__unix

Notice that not all compilers defines these macros, e.g. the xlC or the DEC C/C++ compiler, so it may be better to use the POSIX or X/Open standard macros instead.

UnixWare


Type	Macro
Identification	sco
Identification	_UNIXWARE7

U/Win Environment


Type	Macro
Identification	_UWIN

VMS


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	VMS
Identification	__VMS
Version	__VMS_VER	VVRREPPTT	VV = Version RR = Revision E = Edit number PP = Patch (01 = A, ... 26 = Z) TT = Type (22 = official)

Example


VMS	__VMS_VER
6.1	60100022
6.2	60200022
6.2-1I	60210922

VxWorks


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__VXWORKS__	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Identification	__vxworks	Defined by GNU C and Diab (from ?)
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR	Version Must be included from <version.h>
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR	Revision Must be included from <version.h>
Version	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT	Patch/maintenance Must be included from <version.h>
Mode	__RTP__	For real-time mode
Mode	_WRS_KERNEL	For kernel mode

Example


VxWorks	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAJOR	_WRS_VXWORKS_MINOR	_WRS_VXWORKS_MAINT
6.2	6	2	0

Windows


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	_WIN16	Defined for 16-bit environments 1
Identification	_WIN32	Defined for both 32-bit and 64-bit environments 1
Identification	_WIN64	Defined for 64-bit environments 1
Identification	__WIN32__	Defined by Borland C++
Identification	__TOS_WIN__	Defined by xlC
Identification	__WINDOWS__	Defined by Watcom C/C++

Windows CE


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_WIN32_WCE		Defined by Embedded Visual Studio C++
Version	_WIN32_WCE	VRR	V = Version R = Revision
Identification	WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'		P = Platform
Version	WIN32_PLATFORM_'P'	V	P = Platform V = Version

Example


Version	_WIN32_WCE
2.01	201
2.11	211
3.0	300
4.0	400
4.1	410
4.2	420
5.0	501


Platform	Macro	Value
H/PC 2000	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPC2000
H/PC Pro 2.11	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO	211
H/PC Pro 3.0	WIN32_PLATFORM_HPCPRO	300
Pocket PC	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	1
Pocket PC 2002	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	310
Windows Mobile 2003	WIN32_PLATFORM_PSPC	400
Smartphone 2002	WIN32_PLATFORM_WFSP	100

Wind/U Environment


Type	Macro	Format	Description
Identification	_WINDU_SOURCE
Version	_WINDU_SOURCE	0xVVRRPP	VV = Version RR = Revision PP = Patch

Example


Wind/U	_WINDU_SOURCE
3.1.2	0x030102

z/OS


Type	Macro	Description
Identification	__MVS__	Host
Identification	__HOS_MVS__	Host
Identification	__TOS_MVS__	Target

references:
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5919996/how-to-detect-reliably-mac-os-x-ios-linux-windows-in-c-preprocessor http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/Predefined-Macros.html http://sourceforge.net/p/predef/wiki/OperatingSystems/

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