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centos6.5下安装mysql

2015-11-21 22:49 459 查看

centos6.5下安装mysql

1.使用yum命令安装mysql

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[root@bogon ~]# yum -y install mysql-server

2.设置开机启动

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[root@bogon ~]# chkconfig mysqld on

3.启动MySQL服务

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[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld start

4.设置MySQL的root用户设置密码

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mysql> set password for root@localhost=password('root');

mysql> exit

5.用新密码登陆

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[root@bogon ~]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

6.创建mysql新用户test_user

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mysql> create user 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

7.给新用户test_user授权，让他可以从外部登陆和本地登陆

注意：@左边是用户名，右边是域名、IP和%，表示可以访问mysql的域名和IP，%表示外部任何地址都能访问。

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mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'localhost' identified by 'test_user';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'test_user'@'%' identified by 'test_user';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user;

+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| user     | host      | password                                  |

+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

| root     | localhost | *81F5E21E35407D884A6CD4A731AEBFB6AF209E1B |

| root     | bogon     |                                           |

| root     | 127.0.0.1 |                                           |

|          | localhost |                                           |

|          | bogon     |                                           |

| test_user | %         | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |

| test_user | localhost | *3046CF87132BBD4FDDF06F321C6859074843B7D3 |

+----------+-----------+-------------------------------------------+

7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

8.查看mysql5.1的默认存储引擎

从下面的执行结果可以看出，mysql的默认引擎是MyISAM，这个引擎是不支持事务的。

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mysql> show engines;

+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| Engine     | Support | Comment                                                    | Transactions | XA   | Savepoints |

+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

| MRG_MYISAM | YES     | Collection of identical MyISAM tables                      | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| CSV        | YES     | CSV storage engine                                         | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| MyISAM     | DEFAULT | Default engine as of MySQL 3.23 with great performance     | NO           | NO   | NO         |

| InnoDB     | YES     | Supports transactions, row-level locking, and foreign keys | YES          | YES  | YES        |

| MEMORY     | YES     | Hash based, stored in memory, useful for temporary tables  | NO           | NO   | NO         |

+------------+---------+------------------------------------------------------------+--------------+------+------------+

5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

也可以以下面的方式查看

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mysql> exit;

[root@bogon ~]# service mysqld stop

9.2 修改/etc/my.cnf

[mysqld] 后加入

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default-storage-engine=InnoDB

加入后my.cnf的内容为：

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[root@bogon etc]# more my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir=/var/lib/mysql

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0



default-storage-engine=InnoDB



[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

9.3 启动mysql

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[root@bogon etc]# service mysqld start

Starting mysqld: [ OK ]

9.4 查看mysql默认存储引擎

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[root@bogon etc]# mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.1.73 Source distribution



Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.



Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.



Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.



mysql> show variables like 'storage_engine';

+----------------+--------+

| Variable_name  | Value  |

+----------------+--------+

| storage_engine | InnoDB |

+----------------+--------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

10.CentOS6.5开放mysql端口3306

CentOS6.5默认是不开放端口的，如果要让外部的系统访问CentOS6.5上的mysql，必须开放mysql的端口3306

10.1 修改/etc/sysconfig/iptables

添加下面一行

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-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

修改后iptables中的内容是

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[root@bogon etc]# more /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

#添加配置项

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 11211 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited



COMMIT

11.重启防火墙

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[root@bogon etc]# service iptables restart

这样就可以从外部访问mysql了。

至此，mysql在CentOS6.5上的安装过程、用户创建、外部访问的步骤全部完成。

转自：http://www.centoscn.com/mysql/2014/0812/3481.html

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