Android之zxing二维码生成于识别
2015-11-13 17:37
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前言
二维码的应用现在随处可见,最近在弄即时通信软件,所以想添加二维码名片功能,所以就大概搜索了一下,目前二维码识别与生成比较常用的就是google老大的zxing,比较成熟、稳定,推荐使用。
zxing的引入可以采用源码或jar包引入的方式:
1、以源码引入zxing的源码在github上的地址为:https://github.com/zxing/zxing,只需要下载core下面的源码就行;
2、以jar包方式引入
jar包下载地址为:
http://www.java2s.com/Code/Jar/z/Downloadzxing20corejar.htm,同样只需要下载core.jar就行;
生成二维码的方法很简单,如下面代码所示
// 生成QR图 private void createImage(String content) { try { // 把输入的文本转为二维码 Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); BitMatrix bitMatrix = new QRCodeWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT, hints); int[] pixels = new int[QR_WIDTH * QR_HEIGHT]; for (int y = 0; y < QR_HEIGHT; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < QR_WIDTH; x++) { if (bitMatrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * QR_WIDTH + x] = 0xff000000; } else { pixels[y * QR_WIDTH + x] = 0xffffffff; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, QR_WIDTH, 0, 0, QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT); if (bitmap != null) { resultImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } } catch (WriterException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
获取二维码图片的内容
获取内容方面比较麻烦,zxing中的LuminanceSource不能直接使用,所以需要写一个扩展的子类,用以专门解析二维码图片中的内容,由于上面生产的图片内容采用的是json数据的格式,所以在获取内容时也需要按json解析一下;我封装的LuminanceSource的子类为RGBLuminanceSource,代码如下:
package com.lanou.zxingdemo; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource; public class RGBLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource { private final byte[] luminances; public RGBLuminanceSource(Bitmap bitmap) { super(bitmap.getWidth(), bitmap.getHeight()); //得到图片的宽高 int width = bitmap.getWidth(); int height = bitmap.getHeight(); //得到图片的像素 int[] pixels = new int[width * height]; // bitmap.getPixels(pixels, 0, width, 0, 0, width, height); //为了测量纯解码速度,我们将整个图像灰度阵列前面,这是一样的通道 // YUVLuminanceSource在现实应用。 //得到像素大小的字节数 luminances = new byte[width * height]; //得到图片每点像素颜色 for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) { int offset = y * width; for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) { int pixel = pixels[offset + x]; int r = (pixel >> 16) & 0xff; int g = (pixel >> 8) & 0xff; int b = pixel & 0xff; //当某一点三种颜色值相同时,相应字节对应空间赋值为其值 if (r == g && g == b) { luminances[offset + x] = (byte) r; } //其它情况字节空间对应赋值为: else { luminances[offset + x] = (byte) ((r + g + g + b) >> 2); } } } } public RGBLuminanceSource(String path) throws FileNotFoundException { this(loadBitmap(path)); } @Override public byte[] getMatrix() { return luminances; } @Override public byte[] getRow(int arg0, byte[] arg1) { if (arg0 < 0 || arg0 >= getHeight()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Requested row is outside the image: " + arg0); } int width = getWidth(); if (arg1 == null || arg1.length < width) { arg1 = new byte[width]; } System.arraycopy(luminances, arg0 * width, arg1, 0, width); return arg1; } private static Bitmap loadBitmap(String path) throws FileNotFoundException { Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeFile(path); if (bitmap == null) { throw new FileNotFoundException("Couldn't open " + path); } return bitmap; } }
解析二维码内容的方法,代码如下:
// 解析QR图片 private void scanningImage() { BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) resultImageView.getDrawable(); if (drawable == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "还没有图片,请先生成", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return; } Bitmap bitmap = drawable.getBitmap(); Map<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 获得待解析的图片 RGBLuminanceSource source = new RGBLuminanceSource(bitmap); BinaryBitmap bitmap1 = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); QRCodeReader reader = new QRCodeReader(); Result result; try { result = reader.decode(bitmap1, hints); JSONObject json = new JSONObject(result.getText()); // 得到解析后的文字 String str =" name: "+json.getString("name")+" \n\r title: "+json.getString("title")+" \n\r url: "+json.getString("url"); resultTv.setText(str); } catch (NotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ChecksumException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (FormatException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
本demo就建了两个java类(MainActivity,RGBLuminanceSource),一个布局文件(activity_main.xml),引入了一个jar包(zxing-core-2.0.jar),完整代码如下:
MainActivity
package com.lanou.zxingdemo;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Map;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.ChecksumException;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.FormatException;
import com.google.zxing.NotFoundException;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.WriterException;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeReader;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.QRCodeWriter;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.drawable.BitmapDrawable;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class MainActivity extends Activity implements OnClickListener {
private Button encodeBtn,decodeBtn;
private final int QR_WIDTH = 200, QR_HEIGHT = 200;
private ImageView resultImageView;
private TextView resultTv;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
initView();
}
private void initView() {
encodeBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.encodeBtn);
decodeBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.decodeBtn);
encodeBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
decodeBtn.setOnClickListener(this);
resultImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.resultImageView);
resultTv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.resultTv);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.encodeBtn:
JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
try {
json.put("name", "xiaoxiao");
json.put("url", "http://www.baidu.com");
json.put("title", "title");
createImage(json.toString());
} catch (JSONException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
break;
case R.id.decodeBtn:
scanningImage();
break;
}
}
// 生成QR图 private void createImage(String content) { try { // 把输入的文本转为二维码 Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String> hints = new Hashtable<EncodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); BitMatrix bitMatrix = new QRCodeWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT, hints); int[] pixels = new int[QR_WIDTH * QR_HEIGHT]; for (int y = 0; y < QR_HEIGHT; y++) { for (int x = 0; x < QR_WIDTH; x++) { if (bitMatrix.get(x, y)) { pixels[y * QR_WIDTH + x] = 0xff000000; } else { pixels[y * QR_WIDTH + x] = 0xffffffff; } } } Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888); bitmap.setPixels(pixels, 0, QR_WIDTH, 0, 0, QR_WIDTH, QR_HEIGHT); if (bitmap != null) { resultImageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); } } catch (WriterException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }
// 解析QR图片 private void scanningImage() { BitmapDrawable drawable = (BitmapDrawable) resultImageView.getDrawable(); if (drawable == null) { Toast.makeText(this, "还没有图片,请先生成", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); return; } Bitmap bitmap = drawable.getBitmap(); Map<DecodeHintType, String> hints = new HashMap<DecodeHintType, String>(); hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, "utf-8"); // 获得待解析的图片 RGBLuminanceSource source = new RGBLuminanceSource(bitmap); BinaryBitmap bitmap1 = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source)); QRCodeReader reader = new QRCodeReader(); Result result; try { result = reader.decode(bitmap1, hints); JSONObject json = new JSONObject(result.getText()); // 得到解析后的文字 String str =" name: "+json.getString("name")+" \n\r title: "+json.getString("title")+" \n\r url: "+json.getString("url"); resultTv.setText(str); } catch (NotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ChecksumException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (FormatException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } }
}
activity_main.xml
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" tools:context="${relativePackage}.${activityClass}" > <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/linear" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="horizontal" > <Button android:id="@+id/encodeBtn" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="生成二维码图片" /> <Button android:id="@+id/decodeBtn" android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_weight="1" android:text="解析二维码图片中的内容" /> </LinearLayout> <ImageView android:id="@+id/resultImageView" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@+id/linear" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/resultTv" android:layout_marginTop="30dp" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_below="@+id/resultImageView" /> </RelativeLayout>
代码结构:
运行效果:
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