iOS UIView动画详解(Swift)
2015-11-11 11:39
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现在的iOS开发中,有很多的动画框架可以使用,包括苹果自带的CoreAnimation框架,Facebook的Pop等等,这些的确都是程序员的利器。但是如果我们仅仅是想要实现一些比较简单的动画呢?杀鸡焉用牛刀。我们直接用UIView就可以了。今天我们就来好好聊聊UIView动画,使用Swift编写(大家可以看到我有时候用OC,有时候用Swift,现在的iOS学习的基本技能看着OC代码能写出Swift,照着Swift能写出OC,哈哈)。本示例代码上传至 https://github.com/chenyufeng1991/iOS-UIView-Animation 。
这里方法的调用中常常会用到Swift中的闭包closure,类似于OC中的块block。我简单解释一下:闭包是作为一个函数的某个参数出现的,但是在这个参数里面可以执行一些语句,执行一定的逻辑。你可以把闭包理解为一个匿名函数。
()->Void:表示参数为空,返回值为Void,必须要实现这个闭包函数;
((Bool) -> Void)?:表示参数为Bool类型,返回值为Void,后面的?表示这个闭包函数可以为空;
(1)位置动画
PositionAnimation可以实现View的移动,最简单的就是X轴,Y轴的移动。这里实现几个小方块的移动。
import UIKit
class PositionViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
//闭包函数的定义;
//注意调用动画的方法中的animations,completion使用的都是闭包函数;可以直接在外面定义,里面调用,这样代码更加清晰;
//这里的闭包需要传入的参数是一个BOOl值;返回值为空;
//这个是动画执行完成后的回调;
func completeGreen(v:Bool){
print("Green Completion")
}
func completeRed(v:Bool){
print("Red Completion")
}
func completeBlue(v:Bool){
print("Blue Completion")
}
//这里的闭包参数为空;
func animGreen(){
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x
}
func animRed(){
self.redSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.redSquare.center.y
}
func animBlue(){
self.blueSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.blueSquare.center.y
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
//参数delay表示延迟,第一个参数表示动画时间;
//注意调用闭包函数;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: [], animations: animGreen, completion: completeGreen)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0.5, options: [], animations: animRed, completion: completeRed)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 1, options: [], animations: animBlue, completion: completeBlue)
}
}
(2)透明度动画
透明度动画可以让某个View的透明度在0~1之间改变。透明度为0表示全透明,看不见了。透明度为1表示和正常情况下一样。
import UIKit
class OpacityViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.alpha = 0.2 //改变透明度到0.2
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)//时常为2s;
}
}
(3)缩放动画
缩放动画可以让一个View的大小发生改变,按比例的放大缩小。
import UIKit
class ScaleViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5, 0.5)//缩小为原来的0.5倍;
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, animations: anim)
}
}
(4)颜色动画
颜色动画可以让一个View在一个时间间隔内发生颜色的渐变,进行颜色的过渡。
import UIKit
class ColorViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var swiftText: UILabel!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
self.swiftText.textColor = UIColor.blueColor()
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)
}
}
(5)旋转动画
可以让某个View绕圆点进行旋转。
import UIKit
class RotationViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var wheel: UIImageView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
func spin(){
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: .CurveLinear, animations: {
self.wheel.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.wheel.transform, CGFloat(360))//第二个参数是角度;
}) {
//结束后仍旧调用spin()函数;
(finished)-> Void in
self.spin()
}
}//spin()
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
self.spin()
}
}
(6)重复动画
该动画可以让某个动画过程反复执行。
import UIKit
//重复动画;
class RepeatViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated);
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;
}, completion: nil)
//注意这里options的表达式;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options:[UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat ,UIViewAnimationOptions.Autoreverse], animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;
}, completion: nil)
}
}
(7)缓冲动画
这里主要使用了beisaier曲线的效果来改变View动画的速率效果。大家可以实践一下。
import UIKit
class EasingViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var yellowSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated);
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseIn, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseOut, animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseInOut, animations: { () -> Void in
self.yellowSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.yellowSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
}
}
(8)弹簧动画
该动画执行过程中类似弹簧的真实效果,你可以设置弹簧的阻尼和初始速度来达到非常逼真的弹簧抖动。
import UIKit
class SpringViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x;
}
//第三个参数是阻尼,第四个参数是初始速度;第五个参数是动画类型;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;
}) { (Bool) -> Void in
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 1, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;
}) { (Bool) -> Void in
}
}
}
这里实现的动画都是非常的简单,大家可以通过下载代码自己尝试一下。后续我会给大家讲解更为高级炫酷的动画。尽请期待。
github主页:https://github.com/chenyufeng1991 。欢迎大家访问!
这里方法的调用中常常会用到Swift中的闭包closure,类似于OC中的块block。我简单解释一下:闭包是作为一个函数的某个参数出现的,但是在这个参数里面可以执行一些语句,执行一定的逻辑。你可以把闭包理解为一个匿名函数。
()->Void:表示参数为空,返回值为Void,必须要实现这个闭包函数;
((Bool) -> Void)?:表示参数为Bool类型,返回值为Void,后面的?表示这个闭包函数可以为空;
(1)位置动画
PositionAnimation可以实现View的移动,最简单的就是X轴,Y轴的移动。这里实现几个小方块的移动。
import UIKit
class PositionViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
//闭包函数的定义;
//注意调用动画的方法中的animations,completion使用的都是闭包函数;可以直接在外面定义,里面调用,这样代码更加清晰;
//这里的闭包需要传入的参数是一个BOOl值;返回值为空;
//这个是动画执行完成后的回调;
func completeGreen(v:Bool){
print("Green Completion")
}
func completeRed(v:Bool){
print("Red Completion")
}
func completeBlue(v:Bool){
print("Blue Completion")
}
//这里的闭包参数为空;
func animGreen(){
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x
}
func animRed(){
self.redSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.redSquare.center.y
}
func animBlue(){
self.blueSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.blueSquare.center.y
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
//参数delay表示延迟,第一个参数表示动画时间;
//注意调用闭包函数;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: [], animations: animGreen, completion: completeGreen)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0.5, options: [], animations: animRed, completion: completeRed)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 1, options: [], animations: animBlue, completion: completeBlue)
}
}
(2)透明度动画
透明度动画可以让某个View的透明度在0~1之间改变。透明度为0表示全透明,看不见了。透明度为1表示和正常情况下一样。
import UIKit
class OpacityViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.alpha = 0.2 //改变透明度到0.2
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)//时常为2s;
}
}
(3)缩放动画
缩放动画可以让一个View的大小发生改变,按比例的放大缩小。
import UIKit
class ScaleViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5, 0.5)//缩小为原来的0.5倍;
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, animations: anim)
}
}
(4)颜色动画
颜色动画可以让一个View在一个时间间隔内发生颜色的渐变,进行颜色的过渡。
import UIKit
class ColorViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var swiftText: UILabel!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
func anim(){
self.greenSquare.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
self.swiftText.textColor = UIColor.blueColor()
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)
}
}
(5)旋转动画
可以让某个View绕圆点进行旋转。
import UIKit
class RotationViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var wheel: UIImageView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
func spin(){
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: .CurveLinear, animations: {
self.wheel.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.wheel.transform, CGFloat(360))//第二个参数是角度;
}) {
//结束后仍旧调用spin()函数;
(finished)-> Void in
self.spin()
}
}//spin()
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated)
self.spin()
}
}
(6)重复动画
该动画可以让某个动画过程反复执行。
import UIKit
//重复动画;
class RepeatViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated);
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;
}, completion: nil)
//注意这里options的表达式;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options:[UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat ,UIViewAnimationOptions.Autoreverse], animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;
}, completion: nil)
}
}
(7)缓冲动画
这里主要使用了beisaier曲线的效果来改变View动画的速率效果。大家可以实践一下。
import UIKit
class EasingViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var yellowSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
super.viewDidAppear(animated);
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseIn, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseOut, animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseInOut, animations: { () -> Void in
self.yellowSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.yellowSquare.center.x
}, completion: nil)
}
}
(8)弹簧动画
该动画执行过程中类似弹簧的真实效果,你可以设置弹簧的阻尼和初始速度来达到非常逼真的弹簧抖动。
import UIKit
class SpringViewController: UIViewController {
@IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!
@IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
}
override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {
UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in
self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x;
}
//第三个参数是阻尼,第四个参数是初始速度;第五个参数是动画类型;
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in
self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;
}) { (Bool) -> Void in
}
UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 1, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in
self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;
}) { (Bool) -> Void in
}
}
}
这里实现的动画都是非常的简单,大家可以通过下载代码自己尝试一下。后续我会给大家讲解更为高级炫酷的动画。尽请期待。
github主页:https://github.com/chenyufeng1991 。欢迎大家访问!
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