mysql5.7.9 源码安装

官方文档链接：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-installation.html

1,安装所有包

yum -y install gcc-c++ ncurses-devel cmake make perl gcc autoconf automake zlib libxml libgcrypt libtool bison python-devel

说明：

 cmake:mysql使用cmake跨平台工具预编译源码，用于设置mysql的编译参数。如：安装目录、数据存放目录、字符编码、排序规则等

 make:mysql源代码是由C和C++语言编写，在linux下使用make对源码进行编译和构建，要求必须安装make 3.75或以上版本

 gcc:GCC是Linux下的C语言编译工具，mysql源码编译完全由C和C++编写，要求必须安装GCC4.4.6或以上版本

 Boost:mysql源码中用到了C++的Boost库

 bison:Linux下C/C++语法分析器

 ncurses:字符终端处理库

 最后还需要充足的内存，或者perl（可选）

 以上基本都是必须的，如果安装过程中出错可以相应的在安装

2,创建用户，目录,权限

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

mkdir /usr/local/mysql  软件目录

mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data   数据目录

mkdir -p /var/log/mysql     日志路径

mkdir -p /var/run/mysql     pid路径

-- 用户属主

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/run/mysql
另外如果有登陆固需求：

设置vim  /etc/security/limits.conf

mysql   soft   nproc  2047

mysql   hard  nproc  16384

mysql   soft   nofile  1024

mysql  hard   nofile  65536

环境变量：

vim /home/mysql/.bash_profile

export  LANG=zh_CN.GB18030

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

3,安装一些配置，工具包

gmock ，地址http://git.typecodes.com/libs/ccpp/gmock-1.6.0.zip

安装步骤，解压到mysql-5.7.9的source_downloads目录，可选步骤

安装cmake，可以使用yum安装或者下载安装，下载路经http://git.typecodes.com/libs/ccpp/cmake-3.2.1.tar.gz

安装ncurses-devel，yum安装

GNU分析器生成器，连接http://git.typecodes.com/libs/ccpp/bison-3.0.tar.gz

boost请看第四部分析

4,编译&&安装

tar zxvf mysql-5.7.9.tar.gz

cd mysql-5.7.9

第一部：cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql  -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data  -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0
-DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost

第二部：make && make install

说明

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql  \              [MySQL安装的根目录]

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/mydata/mysql/data  \                   [MySQL数据库文件存放目录]

-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \                                     [MySQL配置文件所在目录]

-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \                                    [MySQL用户名]      

-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \                        [MySQL的数据库引擎]

-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \                      [MySQL的数据库引擎]

-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \                       [MySQL的数据库引擎]

-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \                        [MySQL的数据库引擎]

-DWITH_READLINE=1 \                                     [MySQL的readline library]

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock \           [MySQL的通讯目录]

-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \                                 [MySQL的监听端口]

-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \                              [启用加载本地数据]

-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 \                                  [编译时允许自主下载相关文件]

-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1  \

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \                                  [使MySQL支持所有的扩展字符]

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \                                [设置默认字符集为utf8]

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \                   [设置默认字符校对]

-DWITH_DEBUG=0 \                                        [禁用调试模式]

-DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 \

-DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled \                             [通讯时支持ssl协议]

-DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled \                            [允许使用zlib library]

-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost                [boost库地址，如果安装了，可以不用指定]

中间遇到两个问题，

第一，CMake Error at cmake/boost.cmake:76 (MESSAGE)

You can download it with -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=<directory>

解决方法：追加编译选项-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost或者将 http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz下载到/usr/local/boost 再追加编译选项-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost

这个一定要匹配，mysql-5.7.9可能需要安装boost_1_59_0以上版本的

第二，Could NOT find Curses (missing:  CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)

解决：

rm CMakeCache.txt

yum install ncurses-devel
其实这个根据提示就可以看出来了

第三，安装boost的时候，提示很多python库没找到

yum install python-devel

第四，如果中途编译失败了，需要删除cmake生成的预编译配置参数的缓存文件和make编译后生成的文件，再重新编译
rm -f CMakeCache.txt

make clean

或者单独建立一个文件再cmake，失败了删除相应的文件里内容即可

5,配置文件

我们安装时配置的路径是etc，这里有个默认的文件my.cnf,修改内容为类似如下，这一步最好使用安装文件/usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf 放到/etc/my.cnf

# For advice on how to change settings please see

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the

# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you

# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.

[client]

port=3306

socket=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data

# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.

# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M

# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging

# changes to the binary log between backups.

# log_bin

# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.

user = mysql

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /mydata/mysql/data

port=3306

server-id = 1

socket=/var/run/mysql/mysql.sock

character-set-server = utf8

log-error = /var/log/mysql/error.log

pid-file = /var/log/mysql/mysql.pid

general_log = 1

skip-name-resolve

#skip-networking

back_log = 300

max_connections = 1000

max_connect_errors = 6000

open_files_limit = 65535

table_open_cache = 128

max_allowed_packet = 4M

binlog_cache_size = 1M

max_heap_table_size = 8M

tmp_table_size = 16M

read_buffer_size = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size = 8M

sort_buffer_size = 8M

join_buffer_size = 28M

key_buffer_size = 4M

thread_cache_size = 8

query_cache_type = 1

query_cache_size = 8M

query_cache_limit = 2M

ft_min_word_len = 4

log_bin = mysql-bin

binlog_format = mixed

expire_logs_days = 30

performance_schema = 0

explicit_defaults_for_timestamp

#lower_case_table_names = 1

#default-storage-engine=myism

#innodb_buffer_pool_size=2048M

#innodb_log_file_size=1024M

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M

myisam_repair_threads = 1

interactive_timeout = 28800

wait_timeout = 28800

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

# Recommended in standard MySQL setup

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 8M

sort_buffer_size = 8M

read_buffer = 4M

write_buffer = 4M

6，初始化数据库

 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mydata/mysql/data

这部很重要，如果初始库不能创建，服务是岂不来的，如果不使用initialize-insecure选项，则默认密码在--log-error指定的文件中

7，设置系统服务，开机子启动

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld  

chkconfig --add mysql
chkconfig mysqld on

可以参考：http://blog.csdn.net/jc_benben/article/details/52767649

8，启动服务

mysqld_safe --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/mysql/data --log-error=/var/log/mysql/error.log &

service mysqld start

不懂两者关系摆渡

查看启动情况：ps -ef | grep mysql,netstat -tunpl | grep 3306

9,初始化配置（5.7.6之前使用）

mysql_secure_installation

根据需要配置一些root密码，是否匿名访问，是否远程访问，删除test库等操作

10，创建用户等

mysql -uroot -p

create database `mysqldb` default character set utf8 collate utf8_general_ci;

grant all privileges on mysqldb.* to loge0001@localhost identified by 'china123';

flush privileges;
说明：mysql比较特殊，不像oracle，授权即可创建新用户