Windows7_64位 NVIDIA 卡 OpenCl环境配置
2015-11-04 10:29
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最近做一个项目需要用到OpenCL,由于之前没有接触过,所以在环境配置第一关就遇到了一些问题,查阅很多资料才配置完成,现在记录如下,希望给一些童鞋一些帮助。整个步骤也很简单:
了解系统配置,选择合适的安装包
安装CUDASDK
更新驱动
VS2013下新建C++项目配置环境:
项目右键属性VC++目录,添加包含目录、库目录
项目右键属性连接器->输入,添加附加依赖项
添加测试代码,测试安装完成。
详细操作如下所示!
了解系统配置
首先,你需要了解自己电脑的硬件配置,显卡是哪个厂商出产的啊,支持不支持OpenCL等。这个方面,我们可以利用GPU-Z的工具来查看。GPU-Z下载地址
这是我主机配置截图:
可以看到我的主机显卡是 英伟达 厂商 NVIDIA GetForce GTX 950 ,在最下面一栏 Computing中显示 支持OpenCL,CUDA。
安装CUDA SDK
查阅资料,发现对于NVIDIA的显卡,并没有单独的OpenCL SDK供安装使用,它是被CUDA SDK Tookits包含的,所以我们只需要下载安装CUDA Tookit即可,我安装的是目前的最新版本CUDA Tookit 7.5下载地址。选择与自己系统相匹配的版本,安装即可。
安装完成后,所在目录默认路径为:C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v7.5\
更新显卡驱动
根据你的系统选择更新为最新的显卡驱动!首先,检查当前显卡驱动版本:
控制面板—>设备管理器—>显卡—>(右键更新..)
当前我的显卡是最新版本,因此结果为:
此时,即可进行下一步,配置VS环境。
如若你的版本不是最新版,需到官网下载更新驱动!
配置VS环境
打开VS,新建普通控制台C++项目,test。项目属性—>选择VC++目录,分别在包含目录和库目录下添加:
C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v7.5\include
库目录根据版本选择,32位系统则选择win32
C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v7.5\lib\x64
项目属性—>链接器—>输入,添加opencl.lib
确定,配置完成!
编写测试程序,验证
(1). HelloWorld.cl__kernel void hello_kernel(__global const float *a, __global const float *b, __global float *result) { int gid = get_global_id(0); result[gid] = a[gid] + b[gid]; }
(2). main.cpp
// // Book: OpenCL(R) Programming Guide // Authors: Aaftab Munshi, Benedict Gaster, Timothy Mattson, James Fung, Dan Ginsburg // ISBN-10: 0-321-74964-2 // ISBN-13: 978-0-321-74964-2 // Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional // URLs: http://safari.informit.com/9780132488006/ // http://www.openclprogrammingguide.com // // HelloWorld.cpp // // This is a simple example that demonstrates basic OpenCL setup and // use. #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #ifdef __APPLE__ #include <OpenCL/cl.h> #else #include <CL/cl.h> #endif /// // Constants // const int ARRAY_SIZE = 1000; /// // Create an OpenCL context on the first available platform using // either a GPU or CPU depending on what is available. // cl_context CreateContext() { cl_int errNum; cl_uint numPlatforms; cl_platform_id firstPlatformId; cl_context context = NULL; // First, select an OpenCL platform to run on. For this example, we // simply choose the first available platform. Normally, you would // query for all available platforms and select the most appropriate one. errNum = clGetPlatformIDs(1, &firstPlatformId, &numPlatforms); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS || numPlatforms <= 0) { std::cerr << "Failed to find any OpenCL platforms." << std::endl; return NULL; } // Next, create an OpenCL context on the platform. Attempt to // create a GPU-based context, and if that fails, try to create // a CPU-based context. cl_context_properties contextProperties[] = { CL_CONTEXT_PLATFORM, (cl_context_properties)firstPlatformId, 0 }; context = clCreateContextFromType(contextProperties, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_GPU, NULL, NULL, &errNum); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cout << "Could not create GPU context, trying CPU..." << std::endl; context = clCreateContextFromType(contextProperties, CL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU, NULL, NULL, &errNum); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cerr << "Failed to create an OpenCL GPU or CPU context." << std::endl; return NULL; } } return context; } /// // Create a command queue on the first device available on the // context // cl_command_queue CreateCommandQueue(cl_context context, cl_device_id *device) { cl_int errNum; cl_device_id *devices; cl_command_queue commandQueue = NULL; size_t deviceBufferSize = -1; // First get the size of the devices buffer errNum = clGetContextInfo(context, CL_CONTEXT_DEVICES, 0, NULL, &deviceBufferSize); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cerr << "Failed call to clGetContextInfo(...,GL_CONTEXT_DEVICES,...)"; return NULL; } if (deviceBufferSize <= 0) { std::cerr << "No devices available."; return NULL; } // Allocate memory for the devices buffer devices = new cl_device_id[deviceBufferSize / sizeof(cl_device_id)]; errNum = clGetContextInfo(context, CL_CONTEXT_DEVICES, deviceBufferSize, devices, NULL); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { delete[] devices; std::cerr << "Failed to get device IDs"; return NULL; } // In this example, we just choose the first available device. In a // real program, you would likely use all available devices or choose // the highest performance device based on OpenCL device queries commandQueue = clCreateCommandQueue(context, devices[0], 0, NULL); if (commandQueue == NULL) { delete[] devices; std::cerr << "Failed to create commandQueue for device 0"; return NULL; } *device = devices[0]; delete[] devices; return commandQueue; } /// // Create an OpenCL program from the kernel source file // cl_program CreateProgram(cl_context context, cl_device_id device, const char* fileName) { cl_int errNum; cl_program program; std::ifstream kernelFile(fileName, std::ios::in); if (!kernelFile.is_open()) { std::cerr << "Failed to open file for reading: " << fileName << std::endl; return NULL; } std::ostringstream oss; oss << kernelFile.rdbuf(); std::string srcStdStr = oss.str(); const char *srcStr = srcStdStr.c_str(); program = clCreateProgramWithSource(context, 1, (const char**)&srcStr, NULL, NULL); if (program == NULL) { std::cerr << "Failed to create CL program from source." << std::endl; return NULL; } errNum = clBuildProgram(program, 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { // Determine the reason for the error char buildLog[16384]; clGetProgramBuildInfo(program, device, CL_PROGRAM_BUILD_LOG, sizeof(buildLog), buildLog, NULL); std::cerr << "Error in kernel: " << std::endl; std::cerr << buildLog; clReleaseProgram(program); return NULL; } return program; } /// // Create memory objects used as the arguments to the kernel // The kernel takes three arguments: result (output), a (input), // and b (input) // bool CreateMemObjects(cl_context context, cl_mem memObjects[3], float *a, float *b) { memObjects[0] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY | CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR, sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, a, NULL); memObjects[1] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_ONLY | CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR, sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, b, NULL); memObjects[2] = clCreateBuffer(context, CL_MEM_READ_WRITE, sizeof(float)* ARRAY_SIZE, NULL, NULL); if (memObjects[0] == NULL || memObjects[1] == NULL || memObjects[2] == NULL) { std::cerr << "Error creating memory objects." << std::endl; return false; } return true; } /// // Cleanup any created OpenCL resources // void Cleanup(cl_context context, cl_command_queue commandQueue, cl_program program, cl_kernel kernel, cl_mem memObjects[3]) { for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { if (memObjects[i] != 0) clReleaseMemObject(memObjects[i]); } if (commandQueue != 0) clReleaseCommandQueue(commandQueue); if (kernel != 0) clReleaseKernel(kernel); if (program != 0) clReleaseProgram(program); if (context != 0) clReleaseContext(context); } /// // main() for HelloWorld example // int main(int argc, char** argv) { cl_context context = 0; cl_command_queue commandQueue = 0; cl_program program = 0; cl_device_id device = 0; cl_kernel kernel = 0; cl_mem memObjects[3] = { 0, 0, 0 }; cl_int errNum; // Create an OpenCL context on first available platform context = CreateContext(); if (context == NULL) { std::cerr << "Failed to create OpenCL context." << std::endl; return 1; } // Create a command-queue on the first device available // on the created context commandQueue = CreateCommandQueue(context, &device); if (commandQueue == NULL) { Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Create OpenCL program from HelloWorld.cl kernel source program = CreateProgram(context, device, "HelloWorld.cl"); if (program == NULL) { Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Create OpenCL kernel kernel = clCreateKernel(program, "hello_kernel", NULL); if (kernel == NULL) { std::cerr << "Failed to create kernel" << std::endl; Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Create memory objects that will be used as arguments to // kernel. First create host memory arrays that will be // used to store the arguments to the kernel float result[ARRAY_SIZE]; float a[ARRAY_SIZE]; float b[ARRAY_SIZE]; for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) { a[i] = (float)i; b[i] = (float)(i * 2); } if (!CreateMemObjects(context, memObjects, a, b)) { Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Set the kernel arguments (result, a, b) errNum = clSetKernelArg(kernel, 0, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[0]); errNum |= clSetKernelArg(kernel, 1, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[1]); errNum |= clSetKernelArg(kernel, 2, sizeof(cl_mem), &memObjects[2]); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cerr << "Error setting kernel arguments." << std::endl; Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } size_t globalWorkSize[1] = { ARRAY_SIZE }; size_t localWorkSize[1] = { 1 }; // Queue the kernel up for execution across the array errNum = clEnqueueNDRangeKernel(commandQueue, kernel, 1, NULL, globalWorkSize, localWorkSize, 0, NULL, NULL); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cerr << "Error queuing kernel for execution." << std::endl; Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Read the output buffer back to the Host errNum = clEnqueueReadBuffer(commandQueue, memObjects[2], CL_TRUE, 0, ARRAY_SIZE * sizeof(float), result, 0, NULL, NULL); if (errNum != CL_SUCCESS) { std::cerr << "Error reading result buffer." << std::endl; Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 1; } // Output the result buffer for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE; i++) { std::cout << result[i] << " "; } std::cout << std::endl; std::cout << "Executed program succesfully." << std::endl; Cleanup(context, commandQueue, program, kernel, memObjects); return 0; }
运行结果
tips
在MacOS X 10.6中,OpenCL的头文件是存在OpenCL目录中,也就是#include <OpenCL/opencl.h>
但是在Windows下(以及可能所有其它的OS下),都是
#include <CL/cl.h>
因此,如果想要让同一个程序,可以同时在各种OS下都能编译的话,在include头文件时,建议写成:
#ifdef __APPLE__ #include <OpenCL/opencl.h> #else #include <CL/cl.h> #endif
这样就可以同时在MacOS X 10.6下,以及其它的OS下使用。
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