Android使用ksoap2-android调用WebService学习

之前主要做客户端UI交互，很少处理数据和接触服务端，但现在的移动设备根本不可能离得开网络连接，数据的交换。最近学习的是在android端如何去调用远程WebService，都说WebService是一种基于SOAP协议的远程调用标准，对于这个协议理解不深，知道webservice可以将不同操作系统平台、不同语言、不同技术整合到一块，android SDK没有直接调用webservice的库，最常用的是借助ksoap2-android这个第三方SDK，点击打开链接，然后和其他第三方jar包一样导入android项目中即可。

对于WebService服务器具体的编写，现阶段自己不了解，暂且使用网络免费的WebService进行学习http://www.webxml.com.cn/zh_cn/index.aspx，利用这个来写一个简单的国内天气预报的查询，代码编写参照《疯狂Android讲义》相关部分，自己做部分修改。



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以下是几个主要的方法：

1.创建HttpTransportSE传输对象：HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL); SERVICE_URL是webservice提供服务的url

2.使用SOAP1.1协议创建Envelop对象：SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); 设置SOAP协议的版本号，根据服务端WebService的版本号设置。

3.实例化SoapObject对象：SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NAMESPACE, methodName); 第一个参数表示WebService的命名空间，可以从WSDL文档中找到WebService的命名空间。第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法名。

4.设置调用方法的参数值，如果没有参数，可以省略：例如soapObject.addProperty("theCityCode", cityName);

5.记得设置bodyout属性 envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

6.调用webservice：ht.call(SERVICE_NAMESPACE+methodName, envelope);

7.获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息：

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(methodName+"Result");

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在这个天气预报的demo中需要多次调用webservice，将方法写在一个工具类中，代码如下：

[java] view
plaincopy

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.example.webservicedemo;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.SoapFault;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;

public class WebServiceUtil {

// 定义webservice的命名空间

public static final String SERVICE_NAMESPACE = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";

// 定义webservice提供服务的url

public static final String SERVICE_URL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx";

// 调用远程webservice获取省份列表

public static List<String> getProvinceList() {

// 调用 的方法

String methodName = "getRegionProvince";

// 创建HttpTransportSE传输对象

HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);

try {

ht.debug = true;

// 使用SOAP1.1协议创建Envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(

SoapEnvelope.VER11);

// 实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NAMESPACE,

methodName);

envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

// 设置与.NET提供的webservice保持较好的兼容性

envelope.dotNet = true;

// 调用webservice

ht.call(SERVICE_NAMESPACE + methodName, envelope);

if (envelope.getResponse() != null) {

// 获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(methodName

+ "Result");

// 解析服务器响应的SOAP消息

return parseProvinceOrCity(detail);

}

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

// 根据省份获取城市列表

public static List<String> getCityListsByProvince(String province) {

// 调用的方法

String methodName = "getSupportCityString";

// 创建httptransportSE传输对象

HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);

ht.debug = true;

// 实例化SoapObject对象

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NAMESPACE, methodName);

// 添加一个请求参数

soapObject.addProperty("theRegionCode", province);

// 使用soap1.1协议创建envelop对象

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(

SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

// 设置与.NET提供的webservice保持较好的兼容性

envelope.dotNet = true;

// 调用webservice

try {

ht.call(SERVICE_NAMESPACE + methodName, envelope);

if (envelope.getResponse() != null) {

// 获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(methodName

+ "Result");

// 解析服务器响应的SOAP消息

return parseProvinceOrCity(detail);

}

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

// 解析省份或城市

public static List<String> parseProvinceOrCity(SoapObject detail) {

ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();

for (int i = 0; i < detail.getPropertyCount(); i++) {

// 解析出每个省份

result.add(detail.getProperty(i).toString().split(",")[0]);

}

return result;

}

// 根据城市字符串获取相应天气情况

public static SoapObject getWeatherByCity(String cityName) {

String methodName = "getWeather";

HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);

ht.debug = true;

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(

SoapEnvelope.VER11);

SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NAMESPACE, methodName);

soapObject.addProperty("theCityCode", cityName);

envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

envelope.dotNet = true;

try {

ht.call(SERVICE_NAMESPACE + methodName, envelope);

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(methodName

+ "Result");

return detail;

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

return null;

}

}

</span>

SoapObject 解析

//当返回值为数组对象

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

for (int i = 0; i < result.getPropertyCount(); i++) {

SoapObject child = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(i);

ProduceScanInfo produce = new ProduceScanInfo();

produce.setDepartment(child.getProperty("department").toString());

produce.setEmployeeNo(child.getProperty("employeeNo").toString());

produce.setEmployee(child.getProperty("employee").toString());

produce.setOrderno(child.getProperty("orderno").toString());

produce.setProductname(child.getProperty("productname").toString());

produce.setColor(child.getProperty("color").toString());

produce.setSize(child.getProperty("size").toString());

produce.setColorno(child.getProperty("colorno").toString());

produce.setWorkname(child.getProperty("workname").toString());

produce.setPackno(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty("packno").toString()));

produce.setNumber(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty("number").toString()));

System.out.println(produce);

list.add(produce);

}

//返回值为boolean

public boolean isExistUser(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("isExistUser");

initConfig(sql);

Object soapObject = null;

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

try {

soapObject = (Object) envelope.getResponse();

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return Boolean.parseBoolean(soapObject.toString());

}

上面这个便是主要实现远程调用webservice的代码，其他实现在activity中完成即可，但是这里也会涉及到一个问题，就是Android多线程问题，在调用webservice时，为了防止ANR的出现，不能在主线程中进行，需要另开子线程执行，,因为子线程涉及到UI更新，Android主线程是线程不安全的，也就是说，更新UI只能在主线程中更新，子线程中操作是危险的.便要涉及Handler的使用了，实在是不才，自己更多时候习惯使用AsyncTask来代替Handler（还是要重新琢磨下Handler的使用方法），因为操作起来比较简单方便，下面是项目中异步操作类中的一个：

[java] view
plaincopy

<span style="font-family:Comic Sans MS;font-size:18px;">package com.example.webservicedemo;

import java.util.List;

import android.os.AsyncTask;

import android.widget.Spinner;

public class ProvinceAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, String, List<String>> {

private MainActivity activity;

private List<String> provinces;

private Spinner sp_province;

public ProvinceAsyncTask (MainActivity activity,Spinner sp_province){

this.activity = activity;

this.sp_province = sp_province;

}

@Override

protected List<String> doInBackground(String... params) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

provinces = WebServiceUtil.getProvinceList();

return null;

}

@Override

protected void onPostExecute(List<String> result) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

ListAdapter adapter = new ListAdapter(activity, provinces);

sp_province.setAdapter(adapter);

}

}

</span>

可以看出来比较简单，在doInBackground中执行调用webservice，在onPostExecute中执行列表刷新展示

报错：

Could not find class 'org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject', referenced from method com.neusoft.kunming.WebservercallActivity.getWeather

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject

解决方法: 导入ksoap2.jar,最后不要忘记一定要用 Add External Jars... 不能用Add Jars

然后要在Orader and Export 钩选你的ksoap2.jar,否则不会导出到APK

最后附上该demo的代码，希望可以对初涉及android调用webservice的朋友有帮助

http://download.csdn.net/detail/eyu8874521/5609627

SOAP解析实例

package com.nautinus.sop;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.Date;

import java.util.Properties;

import java.util.ResourceBundle;

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.SoapFault;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;

import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;

import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;

import android.util.Log;

import com.nautinus.activity.R;

import com.nautinus.bean.Machines;

import com.nautinus.bean.MachinesMaintain;

import com.nautinus.bean.User;

public class SopExquery {

private String nameSpace = "http://util.boda.com";

private String serviceUrl = "http://192.168.5.44:5678/axis2/services/NautiusQueryService?wsdl";

private String methodName;

private SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope;

private ArrayList<Machines> list = new ArrayList<Machines>();

private ArrayList<MachinesMaintain> maintainlist = new ArrayList<MachinesMaintain>();

public String getNameSpace() {

return nameSpace;

}

public void setNameSpace(String nameSpace) {

this.nameSpace = nameSpace;

}

public String getMethodName() {

return methodName;

}

public void setMethodName(String methodName) {

this.methodName = methodName;

}

public String getServiceUrl() {

return serviceUrl;

}

public void setServiceUrl(String serviceUrl) {

this.serviceUrl = serviceUrl;

}

public void initConfig(String sql) {

SoapObject request = new SoapObject(nameSpace, methodName);

request.addProperty("sql", sql);

envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut = request;

HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(serviceUrl);

ht.debug = true;

try {

ht.call(nameSpace + methodName, envelope);

} catch (IOException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

/**

* 查询机器状态

*

* @param sql

* @return

*/

public ArrayList<Machines> query(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("executeMachineStateQuery");

initConfig(sql);

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

for (int i = 0; i < result.getPropertyCount(); i++) {

SoapObject child = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(i);

System.out.println(child);

Machines produce = new Machines();

if (child.getProperty("roomCode") == null) {

produce.setRoomCode(" ");

} else {

produce.setRoomCode(child.getProperty("roomCode")

.toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("groupCode") == null) {

produce.setGroupCode(" ");

} else {

produce.setGroupCode(child.getProperty("groupCode")

.toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("machCode") == null) {

produce.setMachCode(-1);

} else {

produce.setMachCode(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty(

"machCode").toString()));

}

if (child.getProperty("state") == null) {

produce.setState(-1);

} else {

produce.setState(Integer.parseInt(child

.getProperty("state").toString()));

}

System.out.println(produce);

list.add(produce);

}

}

return list;

}

/**

* 查询订单信息

*/

public ArrayList<MachinesMaintain> executeMaintainQuery(String sql) {

this.methodName = "executeMaintainQuery";

initConfig(sql);

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

if (result != null) {

for (int i = 0; i < result.getPropertyCount(); i++) {

SoapObject child = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(i);

// System.out.println(child);

MachinesMaintain order = new MachinesMaintain();

order.setId(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty("id")

.toString()));

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("roomCode").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setRoomCode(" ");

} else {

order.setRoomCode(child.getProperty("roomCode")

.toString().trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("groupCode").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setGroupCode(" ");

} else {

order.setGroupCode(child.getProperty("groupCode")

.toString().trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("machCode").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setMachCode(0);

} else {

order.setMachCode(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty(

"machCode").toString()));

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("state").toString().trim())) {

order.setState(-1);

} else {

order.setState(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty(

"state").toString()));

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("stopReason").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setStopReason(" ");

} else {

order.setStopReason(child.getProperty("stopReason")

.toString().trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("dateStartShift")

.toString().trim())) {

order.setDateStartShift("");

} else {

order.setDateStartShift(child

.getProperty("dateStartShift").toString()

.trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("serviceMan").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setServiceMan("");

} else {

order.setServiceMan(child.getProperty("serviceMan")

.toString().trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("receiveDate").toString()

.trim())) {

order.setReceiveDate("");

} else {

order.setReceiveDate(child.getProperty("receiveDate")

.toString().trim());

}

if ("".equals(child.getProperty("okDate").toString().trim())) {

order.setOkDate("");

} else {

order.setOkDate(child.getProperty("okDate").toString()

.trim());

}

order.setReceiveFlag(Integer.parseInt(child.getProperty(

"receiveFlag").toString()));

order.setOkFlag(Integer.parseInt(child

.getProperty("okFlag").toString()));

System.out.println(order.getId());

maintainlist.add(order);

}

return maintainlist;

}

return null;

}

return null;

}

public boolean isExistUser(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("isExistUser");

initConfig(sql);

Object soapObject = null;

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

try {

soapObject = (Object) envelope.getResponse();

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return Boolean.parseBoolean(soapObject.toString());

}

public boolean insertUser(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("insertUser");

initConfig(sql);

Object soapObject = null;

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

try {

soapObject = (Object) envelope.getResponse();

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return Boolean.parseBoolean(soapObject.toString());

}

public boolean updateUser(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("updateUser");

initConfig(sql);

Object soapObject = null;

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

try {

soapObject = (Object) envelope.getResponse();

} catch (SoapFault e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

return Boolean.parseBoolean(soapObject.toString());

}

public User queryUser(String sql) {

this.setMethodName("queryUser");

initConfig(sql);

User user = new User();

if (envelope.bodyIn instanceof SoapFault) {

String str = ((SoapFault) envelope.bodyIn).faultstring;

Log.i("", str);

} else {

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

System.out.println(result);

if (result != null) {

SoapObject child = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(0);

// System.out.println("child--" + child);

if (child.getProperty("plantCode") == null) {

user.setPlantCode(" ");

} else {

user.setPlantCode(child.getProperty("plantCode").toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("roomCode") == null) {

user.setRoomCode(" ");

} else {

user.setRoomCode(child.getProperty("roomCode").toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("groupCode") == null) {

user.setGroupCode(" ");

} else {

user.setGroupCode(child.getProperty("groupCode").toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("userName") == null) {

user.setUserName("");

} else {

user.setUserName(child.getProperty("userName").toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("userPhoneNumber") == null) {

user.setUserPhoneNumber("");

} else {

user.setUserPhoneNumber(child

.getProperty("userPhoneNumber").toString());

}

if (child.getProperty("inDate") == null) {

user.setInDate("");

} else {

user.setInDate(child.getProperty("inDate").toString());

}

return user;

}

}

return null;

}

}