hdoj Proving Equivalences 2767 (强连通分量 最少添加几条边使图强连通)
2015-10-19 22:57
387 查看
Proving Equivalences
Time Limit: 4000/2000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)Total Submission(s): 4329 Accepted Submission(s): 1537
[align=left]Problem Description[/align]
Consider the following exercise, found in a generic linear algebra textbook.
Let A be an n × n matrix. Prove that the following statements are equivalent:
1. A is invertible.
2. Ax = b has exactly one solution for every n × 1 matrix b.
3. Ax = b is consistent for every n × 1 matrix b.
4. Ax = 0 has only the trivial solution x = 0.
The typical way to solve such an exercise is to show a series of implications. For instance, one can proceed by showing that (a) implies (b), that (b) implies (c), that (c) implies (d), and finally that (d) implies (a). These four implications show that the
four statements are equivalent.
Another way would be to show that (a) is equivalent to (b) (by proving that (a) implies (b) and that (b) implies (a)), that (b) is equivalent to (c), and that (c) is equivalent to (d). However, this way requires proving six implications, which is clearly a
lot more work than just proving four implications!
I have been given some similar tasks, and have already started proving some implications. Now I wonder, how many more implications do I have to prove? Can you help me determine this?
[align=left]Input[/align]
On the first line one positive number: the number of testcases, at most 100. After that per testcase:
* One line containing two integers n (1 ≤ n ≤ 20000) and m (0 ≤ m ≤ 50000): the number of statements and the number of implications that have already been proved.
* m lines with two integers s1 and s2 (1 ≤ s1, s2 ≤ n and s1 ≠ s2) each, indicating that it has been proved that statement s1 implies statement s2.
[align=left]Output[/align]
Per testcase:
* One line with the minimum number of additional implications that need to be proved in order to prove that all statements are equivalent.
[align=left]Sample Input[/align]
2
4 0
3 2
1 2
1 3
[align=left]Sample Output[/align]
4
2题意:有n个命题,m个证明,每个证明有两个数(a,b),表示a命题可以推出b命题,问最少还要添加几个证明,使得n个命题可以互推。思路:转换成n个点,m条边问最少添加几条边使图强连通。
//因为数据太大,不能用连接表(会爆站)。 #include<stdio.h> #include<string.h> #include<algorithm> #include<vector> #include<stack> #define N 20010 using namespace std; vector<int>g ; int low ; int dfn ,dfs_clock; int sccon ,scc_cnt; bool instack ; stack<int>s; int n,m; void tarjan(int u,int fa) { int v; low[u]=dfn[u]=++dfs_clock; s.push(u); instack[u]=true; for(int i=0;i<g[u].size();i++) { v=g[u][i]; if(!dfn[v]) { tarjan(v,u); low[u]=min(low[u],low[v]); } else if(instack[v]) low[u]=min(low[u],dfn[v]); } if(low[u]==dfn[u]) { scc_cnt++; while(1) { v=s.top(); s.pop(); instack[v]=false; sccon[v]=scc_cnt; if(v==u) break; } } } void find(int l,int r) { memset(low,0,sizeof(low)); memset(dfn,0,sizeof(dfn)); memset(sccon,0,sizeof(sccon)); memset(instack,false,sizeof(instack)); dfs_clock=scc_cnt=0; for(int i=l;i<=r;i++) if(!dfn[i]) tarjan(i,-1); } int in ,out ; void soudian() { int i,j; for(i=1;i<=scc_cnt;i++) in[i]=out[i]=0; for(i=1;i<=n;i++) { for(j=0;j<g[i].size();j++) { int u=sccon[i]; int v=sccon[g[i][j]]; if(u!=v) { out[u]++; in[v]++; } } } } void solve() { find(1,n); soudian(); if(scc_cnt==1) { printf("0\n"); return ; } int sumin=0,sumout=0; for(int i=1;i<=scc_cnt;i++) { if(in[i]==0) sumin++; if(out[i]==0) sumout++; } printf("%d\n",max(sumin,sumout)); } int main() { int t,x,y; scanf("%d",&t); while(t--) { scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); for(int i=1;i<=n;i++) g[i].clear(); while(m--) { scanf("%d%d",&x,&y); g[x].push_back(y); } solve(); } return 0; }
相关文章推荐
- github上如何合并别人的pull request
- [leetcode] Repeated DNA Sequences
- ArrayBlockingQueue和LinkedBlockingQueue分析
- UITextField
- easyUI datagrid 跨行跨列操作
- JTabel鼠标按下与放开getValueIsAdjusting()
- LA-4255 Guess (拓扑排序+构造)
- Android Studio 的 UI 设计 (Design) 界面提示“Rendering Problems:Missing Style...”错误的处理办法
- UI基础 实现最简易画板
- 用户界面交互设计灵活技巧
- 学员真正想要的UI设计培训公开课
- Bentley.PULS.XM.V8.9.0.28 数字管道脉动分析/海洋结构DNV sesam suite 2013 Full 1CD
- 滴滴打车交互设计详细分析
- SQL语法 (Structured Query Language)
- UI设计培训中所需要的手绘能力
- 移动应用交互设计中合理使用动态
- libsvm中的dec_values以及分类结果评分问题
- UICollectionView 中的警告提示
- 【IOS 开发学习总结-OC-58】★UI控件——UITabBar 与UITabBarController
- 使用UIPickerView实现简单的城市选择器