hadoop的布暑方式 笔记二

Hadoop 部署方式:

本地单机模式:

伪分布模式：

关闭防火墙 service iptables stop //关闭防火墙

Service iptables status //查看防火墙状态

设置防火墙开机启动模式

Chkconfig iptables --list //查看

Gedit /etc/inittab //查看模式详情

Chkconfig iptables off //关闭开机启动

修改ip gedit /etc/sysconfig/network-scritps/ifcfg-eth0

添加

Ipaddr=”192.168.8.88”

Netmask=”255.255.255.0”

Gateway=”192.168.8.1”

//可以不配dns

dns1=”8.8.8.8”

Dns2=”8.8.4.4”

修改hostname gedit /etc/sysconfig/network (retacn1)

Geidt /etc/hosts 添加

192.168.8.88 retacn1

设置ssh自动登录 设置允许集群上的机器不需要密码登录

Ubuntu 安装ssh

Apt-get install openssh-client

Apt-get install openssh-server

重启ssh

sudo /etc/init.d/ssh resart

#进入用户目录

retacn@vm:/# cd retacn

# 创建一对密钥

retacn@vm:~# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Created directory '/root/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

a9:dc:6f:dd:96:04:fb:2c:96:9b:fb:7d:d3:8a:e2:ac root@vm

The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

| |

| |

| |

| . . |

| S o |

| . o . . |

| o . . * ..|

| oo =o*oo|

| E++o=*o.+|

+-----------------+

#免密码登录

retacn@vm:~/.ssh# cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

安装jdk

安装hadoop

下载安装包

解压到指定目录 root@vm:/software/hadoop# tar zxvf hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz

配置文件如下:

1 Hadoop-env.sh 环境变量

打开文件

retacn@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/conf# gedit hadoop-env.sh

添加如下内容

export JAVA_HOME=/sdk/jdk1.6.0_34

2 Core-site.xml 核心配置,如hdfs和mapreduce中的i/o设置

添加如下内容: 如果是在不同机器要修改loclhost

<property>

<!--名称节点-->

<name>fs.default.name</name>

<!--本地端口-->

<value>hdfs://localhost:9000</value>

</property>

<!--临时目录-->

<property>

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/opt/tmp/hadoop-${user.name}</value>

</property>

3 Hdfs-site.xml 后台程序设置的配置:名称节点 第二节名称节点和数据节点

添加如下内容

<!--指定数据节点中数据的存放位-->

<property>

<name>dfs.data.dir</name>

<value>/usr/hadoop-0.20.2/data</value>

</property>

<!--数据节点的数据需要复制的份数-->

<property>

<name>dfs.replication</name>

<value>1</value>

</property>

4 Mapred-site.xml mapreduce 后台程序设置的配置,jobTacker和taskTracker

添加如下内容: 如果是完全分布式,需要修改localhost

<!--配置作业跟踪器-->

<property>

<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

<value>localhost:9001</value>

</property>

<property>

<name>mapred.job.tmp</name>

<value>/opt/temp</value>

</property>

5 Masters 记录运行第二节点的机器列表

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/conf# cat masters

Localhost // 名称节点 namenode

6 Slaves 记录运行数据节点和taskTracker的机器

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/conf# cat slaves

Localhost // datanode taskTracker所在节点,如果为多个,每行定义一个

7 Hadoop-metrics..properties 控制hadoop怎么发布metries的属性

8 Log4j.properties 系统日志文件的属性,名称节点审计日记和taskTracker子进程

格式化HDFS分布式文件系统(也就是所谓的名称节点namenode)

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# bin/hadoop namenode -format

15/09/19 11:14:37 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:

/************************************************************

STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode

STARTUP_MSG: host = vm/127.0.1.1

STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]

STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.2

STARTUP_MSG: build = https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-0.20 -r 911707; compiled by 'chrisdo' on Fri Feb 19 08:07:34 UTC 2010

************************************************************/

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=root,root

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 94 saved in 0 seconds.

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /tmp/hadoop-root/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:

/************************************************************

SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at vm/127.0.1.1

************************************************************/

使用bin/start-all.sh 启动hadoop

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# bin/start-all.sh

starting namenode, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-namenode-vm.out

localhost: starting datanode, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-datanode-vm.out

localhost: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-vm.out

starting jobtracker, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-jobtracker-vm.out

localhost: starting tasktracker, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-tasktracker-vm.out

检测守护进程的启动情况

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# /sdk/jdk1.6.0_34/bin/jps

4673 NameNode

6192 SecondaryNameNode

5435 DataNode

7045 TaskTracker

7105 Jps

6269 JobTracker

使用bin/stop-all.sh 关闭hadoop

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# bin/stop-all.sh

stopping jobtracker

localhost: stopping tasktracker

stopping namenode

localhost: stopping datanode

localhost: stopping secondarynamenode

配置主机与虚拟机通信

启动vmnet1 hostonly 192.168.8.100

注：vmnet8 为nat

集群模式：

至少三台虚拟机器

服务器可以是esxi,客户机安装vmware client

配置hosts文件

修改etc/hosts文件添加,使机器之间能把主机名解析为ip

192.168.8.88 retacn1

建立hadoop账号

创建一个运行hadoop的专用账号

#添加用户

root@vm:/etc# useradd retacn

#修改用户密码

root@vm:/etc# passwd retacn

#修改用户登录目录

root@vm:/home# usermod -d /home/retacn retacn

#添加分组

root@vm:/# groupadd superman

#修改分组

root@vm:/# groupadd -g 355 superman

#修改用户分组

root@vm:/# usermod -g superman retacn

配置ssh免密码登录

#进入用户目录

retacn@vm:/# cd retacn

# 创建一对密钥

retacn@vm:~# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Created directory '/root/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

a9:dc:6f:dd:96:04:fb:2c:96:9b:fb:7d:d3:8a:e2:ac root@vm

The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

| |

| |

| |

| . . |

| S o |

| . o . . |

| o . . * ..|

| oo =o*oo|

| E++o=*o.+|

+-----------------+

#免密码登录

retacn@vm:~/.ssh# cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

注:

把所有节点中的authorized_keys放到同一个文件中,再替换原有的authorized_keys,就可以免密码接入

下载并解压hadoop安装包

配置namenode,修改site文件

同为分布式相同,只需将localhost改为ip或是主机名即可

配置hadoop-env.sh

同上

配置masters和salves文件

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/conf# cat masters

localhost

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/conf# cat slaves

Localhost

向各节点复制hadoop

Scp -r ./hadoop-0.20.0 主机名:/home/retacn(用户名,即用户的工作目录)

多个节点可重复以上操作

格式化namenode

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# bin/hadoop namenode -format

15/09/19 11:14:37 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:

/************************************************************

STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode

STARTUP_MSG: host = vm/127.0.1.1

STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]

STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.2

STARTUP_MSG: build = https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-0.20 -r 911707; compiled by 'chrisdo' on Fri Feb 19 08:07:34 UTC 2010

************************************************************/

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=root,root

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 94 saved in 0 seconds.

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /tmp/hadoop-root/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.

15/09/19 11:14:38 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:

/************************************************************

SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at vm/127.0.1.1

************************************************************/

使用bin/start-all.sh 启动hadoop

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# bin/start-all.sh

starting namenode, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-namenode-vm.out

localhost: ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

localhost: ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

starting jobtracker, logging to /software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2/bin/../logs/hadoop-root-jobtracker-vm.out

localhost: ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused

检测守护进程的启动情况

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# ls /sdk/jdk1.6.0_34/bin/jps

/sdk/jdk1.6.0_34/bin/jps

root@vm:/software/hadoop/hadoop-0.20.2# /sdk/jdk1.6.0_34/bin/jps

3354 Jps

3183 JobTracker

3063 NameNode

如果是在datanode节点上看到的可能是

Jps

Datanode

taskTracker

Window平台下安装hadoop

首先安装cygwin,安装步骤略

配置环境变量:

安装目录

CYGWIN_HOME d:/tools/cygwin

Path %CYGWIN_HOME%

命名空间

CYGWIN ntsec tty

Ssh-host-config

No

Yes

/

No

密码

启动服务,可心从windows服务管理中启动,也可以输入命令启动 net start sshd

停止服务 net stop sshd

免密码登录

Ssh-keygen

Cd ~/.ssh

Ls

Cp id_rsa.pub authorized_keys

Ssh localhost

Yes

Who

安装hadoop,同linux下安装

向各节点复制hadoop

Scp -r ./hadoop-0.20.2 机器名:/home/用户名

通过web了解hadoop的活动

作业跟踪器Jobtracker 50030
http://192.168.8.88:50030
名称节点Namenode 50070
http://192.168.8.88:50070
http://192.168.8.88:50030/jobtracker.jsp

数据保存的物理位置

root@vm:/usr/hadoop-0.20.2/data# ls -lR

.:

总用量 16

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 10月 2 21:30 current

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 9月 30 23:39 detach

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 157 9月 30 23:39 storage

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 10月 2 21:30 tmp

./current:

总用量 80

#数据文件

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 13 10月 2 21:22 blk_-1675081577279755485

#元数据

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 10月 2 21:22 blk_-1675081577279755485_1006.meta

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 12 10月 2 21:22 blk_-2439359072604098835

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 10月 2 21:22 blk_-2439359072604098835_1007.meta

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25 10月 2 21:30 blk_-4637427120727666256

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 10月 2 21:30 blk_-4637427120727666256_1013.meta

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16819 10月 2 21:28 blk_5582641510528402204

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 139 10月 2 21:28 blk_5582641510528402204_1012.meta

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8614 10月 2 21:30 blk_-5776174436279791856

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 75 10月 2 21:30 blk_-5776174436279791856_1013.meta

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 10月 2 21:22 blk_698400160766810009

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 11 10月 2 21:22 blk_698400160766810009_1005.meta

#数据文件效验和

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1159 10月 2 21:36 dncp_block_verification.log.curr

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 155 10月 2 21:21 VERSION

./detach:

总用量 0

./tmp:

总用量 0