opencv-基本绘图函数
2015-09-16 19:56
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基本绘图相对来说也是非常简单的,只是几个函数的调用而已,在这里OpenCV教程中已经讲得非常详细了,我这里只是贴出代码,运行结果,函数参数解析和函数功能。
用OpenCV的函数 ellipse 绘 椭圆
用OpenCV的函数 rectangle 绘 矩形
用OpenCV的函数 circle 绘 圆
用OpenCV的函数 fillPoly 绘 填充的多边形
plaincopy
#include "stdafx.h"
/**
* @file Drawing_1.cpp
* @brief Simple sample code
*/
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#define w 400
using namespace cv;
/// Function headers
void MyEllipse( Mat img, double angle );
void MyFilledCircle( Mat img, Point center );
void MyPolygon( Mat img );
void MyLine( Mat img, Point start, Point end );
/**
* @function main
* @brief Main function
*/
int main( void ){
/// 窗口名字
char atom_window[] = "Drawing 1: Atom";
char rook_window[] = "Drawing 2: Rook";
/// 创建空全黑像素的空图像
Mat atom_image = Mat::zeros( w, w, CV_8UC3 );
Mat rook_image = Mat::zeros( w, w, CV_8UC3 );
/// 1. 画一个简单的原子。
/// 1.a. 创建椭圆
MyEllipse( atom_image, 90 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, 0 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, 45 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, -45 );
/// 1.b. 创建圆
MyFilledCircle( atom_image, Point( w/2.0, w/2.0) );
/// 2. 画一个赌棍
/// 2.a. 创建一个凸多边形
MyPolygon( rook_image );
/// 2.b. 创建矩形
rectangle( rook_image,
Point( 0, 7*w/8.0 ),
Point( w, w),
Scalar( 0, 255, 255 ),
-1,
8 );
/// 2.c. 画几条直线
MyLine( rook_image, Point( 0, 15*w/16 ), Point( w, 15*w/16 ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( w/4, 7*w/8 ), Point( w/4, w ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( w/2, 7*w/8 ), Point( w/2, w ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( 3*w/4, 7*w/8 ), Point( 3*w/4, w ) );
/// 3.显示图片,并且将窗口移动到指定的位置
imshow( atom_window, atom_image );
moveWindow( atom_window, 0, 200 );
imshow( rook_window, rook_image );
moveWindow( rook_window, w, 200 );
waitKey( 0 );
return(0);
}
/// Function Declaration
/**
* @function MyEllipse
* @brief Draw a fixed-size ellipse with different angles
*/
void MyEllipse( Mat img, double angle )
{
int thickness = 2;
int lineType = 8;
ellipse( img,
Point( w/2, w/2 ),
Size( w/4, w/16 ),
angle,
0,
360,
Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyFilledCircle
* @brief Draw a fixed-size filled circle
*/
void MyFilledCircle( Mat img, Point center )
{
int thickness = -1;
int lineType = 8;
circle( img,
center,
w/32,
Scalar( 0, 0, 255 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyPolygon
* @function Draw a simple concave polygon (rook)
*/
void MyPolygon( Mat img )
{
int lineType = 8;
/** 建立一些点*/
Point rook_points[1][20];
rook_points[0][0] = Point( w/4, 7*w/8 );
rook_points[0][1] = Point( 3*w/4, 7*w/8 );
rook_points[0][2] = Point( 3*w/4, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][3] = Point( 11*w/16, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][4] = Point( 19*w/32, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][5] = Point( 3*w/4, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][6] = Point( 3*w/4, w/8 );
rook_points[0][7] = Point( 26*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][8] = Point( 26*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][9] = Point( 22*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][10] = Point( 22*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][11] = Point( 18*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][12] = Point( 18*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][13] = Point( 14*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][14] = Point( 14*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][15] = Point( w/4, w/8 );
rook_points[0][16] = Point( w/4, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][17] = Point( 13*w/32, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][18] = Point( 5*w/16, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][19] = Point( w/4, 13*w/16 );
const Point* ppt[1] = { rook_points[0] };
int npt[] = { 20 };
fillPoly( img,
ppt,
npt,
1,
Scalar( 255, 255, 255 ),
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyLine
* @brief Draw a simple line
*/
void MyLine( Mat img, Point start, Point end )
{
int thickness = 2;
int lineType = 8;
line( img,
start,
end,
Scalar( 0, 0, 0 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
图1、原子
图2、赌棍
和
指定的2D点
定义:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Point pt;
pt.x = 10;
pt.y = 8;
或
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Point pt = Point(10, 8);
参数表达式:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Scalar( a, b, c )
那么定义的RGB颜色值为: Red = c, Green
= b and Blue = a
功能:画一条直线连接两个点
结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void line(Mat& img, Point pt1, Point pt2, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
pt1:起始点
pt2:终点
color:划线的颜色
thickness:线的粗细程度
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
功能:画椭圆、弧线、扇形
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void ellipse(Mat& img, Point center, Size axes, double angle, double startAngle, double endAngle, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
center:椭圆中心
axes:椭圆轴的长度
angle:椭圆旋转角度
startAngle:椭圆弧度开始的角度
endAngle:椭圆弧度结束的角度
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
原理图:
功能:画一个圆
结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void circle(Mat& img, Point center, int radius, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
center:圆点坐标
radius:圆的半径
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void fillPoly(Mat& img, const Point** pts, const int* npts, int ncontours, const Scalar& color, int lineType=8, int shift=0, Point offset=Point() )
img:输入图片
pts:多边形顶点集
npts:要绘制的多边形顶点数目
ncontours:要绘制的多边形数目
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void rectangle(Mat& img, Point pt1, Point pt2, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
pt1、pt2:两个对角顶点
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
注:本人发现在main函数中没有用到nameWindow()函数,直接使用inshow()函数,并且也能显示出窗口和图片,那么为什么要多一个nameWindow()这样的函数呢,是否多此一举,希望高手指点。
1、绘图
用OpenCV的函数 line 绘 直线用OpenCV的函数 ellipse 绘 椭圆
用OpenCV的函数 rectangle 绘 矩形
用OpenCV的函数 circle 绘 圆
用OpenCV的函数 fillPoly 绘 填充的多边形
2、代码实现
[cpp] viewplaincopy
#include "stdafx.h"
/**
* @file Drawing_1.cpp
* @brief Simple sample code
*/
#include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
#define w 400
using namespace cv;
/// Function headers
void MyEllipse( Mat img, double angle );
void MyFilledCircle( Mat img, Point center );
void MyPolygon( Mat img );
void MyLine( Mat img, Point start, Point end );
/**
* @function main
* @brief Main function
*/
int main( void ){
/// 窗口名字
char atom_window[] = "Drawing 1: Atom";
char rook_window[] = "Drawing 2: Rook";
/// 创建空全黑像素的空图像
Mat atom_image = Mat::zeros( w, w, CV_8UC3 );
Mat rook_image = Mat::zeros( w, w, CV_8UC3 );
/// 1. 画一个简单的原子。
/// 1.a. 创建椭圆
MyEllipse( atom_image, 90 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, 0 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, 45 );
MyEllipse( atom_image, -45 );
/// 1.b. 创建圆
MyFilledCircle( atom_image, Point( w/2.0, w/2.0) );
/// 2. 画一个赌棍
/// 2.a. 创建一个凸多边形
MyPolygon( rook_image );
/// 2.b. 创建矩形
rectangle( rook_image,
Point( 0, 7*w/8.0 ),
Point( w, w),
Scalar( 0, 255, 255 ),
-1,
8 );
/// 2.c. 画几条直线
MyLine( rook_image, Point( 0, 15*w/16 ), Point( w, 15*w/16 ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( w/4, 7*w/8 ), Point( w/4, w ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( w/2, 7*w/8 ), Point( w/2, w ) );
MyLine( rook_image, Point( 3*w/4, 7*w/8 ), Point( 3*w/4, w ) );
/// 3.显示图片,并且将窗口移动到指定的位置
imshow( atom_window, atom_image );
moveWindow( atom_window, 0, 200 );
imshow( rook_window, rook_image );
moveWindow( rook_window, w, 200 );
waitKey( 0 );
return(0);
}
/// Function Declaration
/**
* @function MyEllipse
* @brief Draw a fixed-size ellipse with different angles
*/
void MyEllipse( Mat img, double angle )
{
int thickness = 2;
int lineType = 8;
ellipse( img,
Point( w/2, w/2 ),
Size( w/4, w/16 ),
angle,
0,
360,
Scalar( 255, 0, 0 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyFilledCircle
* @brief Draw a fixed-size filled circle
*/
void MyFilledCircle( Mat img, Point center )
{
int thickness = -1;
int lineType = 8;
circle( img,
center,
w/32,
Scalar( 0, 0, 255 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyPolygon
* @function Draw a simple concave polygon (rook)
*/
void MyPolygon( Mat img )
{
int lineType = 8;
/** 建立一些点*/
Point rook_points[1][20];
rook_points[0][0] = Point( w/4, 7*w/8 );
rook_points[0][1] = Point( 3*w/4, 7*w/8 );
rook_points[0][2] = Point( 3*w/4, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][3] = Point( 11*w/16, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][4] = Point( 19*w/32, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][5] = Point( 3*w/4, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][6] = Point( 3*w/4, w/8 );
rook_points[0][7] = Point( 26*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][8] = Point( 26*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][9] = Point( 22*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][10] = Point( 22*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][11] = Point( 18*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][12] = Point( 18*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][13] = Point( 14*w/40, w/4 );
rook_points[0][14] = Point( 14*w/40, w/8 );
rook_points[0][15] = Point( w/4, w/8 );
rook_points[0][16] = Point( w/4, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][17] = Point( 13*w/32, 3*w/8 );
rook_points[0][18] = Point( 5*w/16, 13*w/16 );
rook_points[0][19] = Point( w/4, 13*w/16 );
const Point* ppt[1] = { rook_points[0] };
int npt[] = { 20 };
fillPoly( img,
ppt,
npt,
1,
Scalar( 255, 255, 255 ),
lineType );
}
/**
* @function MyLine
* @brief Draw a simple line
*/
void MyLine( Mat img, Point start, Point end )
{
int thickness = 2;
int lineType = 8;
line( img,
start,
end,
Scalar( 0, 0, 0 ),
thickness,
lineType );
}
3、运行结果
图1、原子
图2、赌棍
4、用到的类和函数
Point:
功能:数据结构表示了由其图像坐标和
指定的2D点
定义:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Point pt;
pt.x = 10;
pt.y = 8;
或
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Point pt = Point(10, 8);
Scalar:
功能:具有4个元素的数组,可以用它来表示RGB颜色值参数表达式:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
Scalar( a, b, c )
那么定义的RGB颜色值为: Red = c, Green
= b and Blue = a
line:
功能:画一条直线连接两个点结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void line(Mat& img, Point pt1, Point pt2, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
pt1:起始点
pt2:终点
color:划线的颜色
thickness:线的粗细程度
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
ellipse:
功能:画椭圆、弧线、扇形[cpp] view
plaincopy
void ellipse(Mat& img, Point center, Size axes, double angle, double startAngle, double endAngle, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
center:椭圆中心
axes:椭圆轴的长度
angle:椭圆旋转角度
startAngle:椭圆弧度开始的角度
endAngle:椭圆弧度结束的角度
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
原理图:
circle:
功能:画一个圆结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void circle(Mat& img, Point center, int radius, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
center:圆点坐标
radius:圆的半径
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
fillPoly:
功能:填充多边形结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void fillPoly(Mat& img, const Point** pts, const int* npts, int ncontours, const Scalar& color, int lineType=8, int shift=0, Point offset=Point() )
img:输入图片
pts:多边形顶点集
npts:要绘制的多边形顶点数目
ncontours:要绘制的多边形数目
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
rectangle:
功能:画矩形结构:
[cpp] view
plaincopy
void rectangle(Mat& img, Point pt1, Point pt2, const Scalar& color, int thickness=1, int lineType=8, int shift=0)
img:输入图片
pt1、pt2:两个对角顶点
color:颜色值
thickness:线的粗细程度,如果为负数,则说明圆内被填充。
lineType:线的类型,默认为8联通
注:本人发现在main函数中没有用到nameWindow()函数,直接使用inshow()函数,并且也能显示出窗口和图片,那么为什么要多一个nameWindow()这样的函数呢,是否多此一举,希望高手指点。
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