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n个骰子的点数

2015-09-05 15:49 274 查看
把n个骰子扔在地上,所以骰子朝一面的点数之和为s。输入n,打印出s的所有可能的值出现的概率
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;

int g_maxValue = 6;

void Probability(int number, int current, int sum, int* Probabilities)
{
	if(current == 1)
	{
		Probabilities[sum - number]++;
	}
	else
	{
		for(int i =1; i <= g_maxValue; i++)
			Probability(number, current-1, sum+i, Probabilities);
	}
}

void Probability(int number, int* Probabilities)
{
	for(int i = 1; i <= g_maxValue; i++)
	{
		Probability(number, number, i, Probabilities);
	}
}

void printProbilites(int number)
{
	if(number < 1)
		return;

	int maxNum = number * g_maxValue;
	int* Probabilities = new int[maxNum - number +1];
	for(int i = number; i <= maxNum; i++)
		Probabilities[i - number] = 0 ;

	Probability(number, Probabilities);

	int total = pow((double)g_maxValue, number);

	for(int i= number; i <= maxNum; i++)
	{
		double ratio = (double)Probabilities[i - number]/total;
		printf("%d: %e\n",i,ratio);
	}
	delete[] Probabilities;
}

// ====================方法二====================
void PrintProbability_Solution2(int number)
{
    if(number < 1)
        return;

    int* pProbabilities[2];
    pProbabilities[0] = new int[g_maxValue * number + 1];
    pProbabilities[1] = new int[g_maxValue * number + 1];
    for(int i = 0; i < g_maxValue * number + 1; ++i)
    {
        pProbabilities[0][i] = 0;
        pProbabilities[1][i] = 0;
    }
 
    int flag = 0;
    for (int i = 1; i <= g_maxValue; ++i) 
        pProbabilities[flag][i] = 1; 
    
    for (int k = 2; k <= number; ++k) 
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < k; ++i)
            pProbabilities[1 - flag][i] = 0;

        for (int i = k; i <= g_maxValue * k; ++i) 
        {
            pProbabilities[1 - flag][i] = 0;
            for(int j = 1; j <= i && j <= g_maxValue; ++j) 
                pProbabilities[1 - flag][i] += pProbabilities[flag][i - j];
        }
 
        flag = 1 - flag;
    }
 
    double total = pow((double)g_maxValue, number);
    for(int i = number; i <= g_maxValue * number; ++i)
    {
        double ratio = (double)pProbabilities[flag][i] / total;
        printf("%d: %e\n", i, ratio);
    }
 
    delete[] pProbabilities[0];
    delete[] pProbabilities[1];
}


// ====================测试代码====================
void Test(int n)
{
    printf("Test for %d begins:\n", n);
    
    printf("Test for solution1\n");
    printProbilites(n);

    printf("Test for solution2\n");
    PrintProbability_Solution2(n);

    printf("\n");
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Test(1);
    Test(2);
    Test(3);
    Test(4);
    
    Test(11);

    Test(0);

    return 0;
}
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