Android中多媒体文件、文档以及各类文件的获取

最近项目中需要对好友进行发送文件需求，在android中对文件以及其它文档的获取一直没有找到一个好的案例，自己在分析“仿小米文件夹管理”时感觉自己非常的菜B，看不懂源代码。我也问了他人的思路，但是他们给我递归方法去扫描感觉很2B，想想在android中就QQ的文件目录都大得吓尿，所以还是安安静静的用内容提供者吧。看到有很多的同行也在找想关的资料，希望我的分享对大家有帮助，谢谢！

     
在android中其实系统已经给我们提供了一个数据库，里面包含了sd卡中所有文件的信息（大小、位置、创建时间等），所以我们只需要得到内容提供者的URI以及参数列表就O了，多媒体数据库存放的位置data/data/com.android.provider.media/databases/external.db与data/data/com.android.provider.media/databases/internal.db中，目录无法打开的同学可以安装一个模拟器进行查看。下面是代码：

       注意：因为这两个数据库里面的数据是非常的多，所以建议大家开子线程获取数据。子线程获取后推送到主线程这个就不用说了吧。 

       首先是搜索文档的：      

       下面是获取视频文件的

public List<Document> getDocumentListData() {

String[] columns = new String[] {MediaStore.Files.FileColumns._ID,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MIME_TYPE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.SIZE,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATE_MODIFIED,MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA };

String select = "(" + FileColumns.DATA + " LIKE '%.doc'" + " or " + FileColumns.DATA + " LIKE '%.docx'" + " or " + FileColumns.DATA + " LIKE '%.xls'" + " or " + FileColumns.DATA + " LIKE '%.ppt'" + " or " + FileColumns.DATA + " LIKE '%.txt'" + ")";

List<Document> dataList = new ArrayList<Document>();
ContentResolver contentResolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(MediaStore.Files.getContentUri("external"), columns, select,null, null);

int columnIndexOrThrow_ID = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns._ID);
int columnIndexOrThrow_MIME_TYPE = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.MIME_TYPE);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DATA = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATA);
int columnIndexOrThrow_SIZE = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.SIZE);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DATE_MODIFIED = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns.DATE_MODIFIED); // 创建时间，更改时间

if (cursor != null) {
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {

String path = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_DATA);
int position_do = path.lastIndexOf(".");
if( position_do == -1 ) continue;
String type = path.substring( position_do+1, path.length() );
int doc_type = 0;
if( type.contains("doc") ) {
doc_type = FileTypeConfig.DOC;
} else if( type.contains("xls") ) {
doc_type = FileTypeConfig.XLS;
} else if( type.contains("ppt") ) {
doc_type = FileTypeConfig.PPT;
} else if( type.contains("txt") ) {
doc_type = FileTypeConfig.TXT;
} else {
continue;
}
int position_x = path.lastIndexOf( File.separator );
if( position_x == -1 ) continue;
String displayName = path.substring( position_x + 1 , path.length() );
int id = cursor.getInt( columnIndexOrThrow_ID );
String mimeType = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_MIME_TYPE);
long size = cursor.getLong(columnIndexOrThrow_SIZE);
long modified_date = cursor.getLong(columnIndexOrThrow_DATE_MODIFIED);

Document document = new Document( id ,displayName,mimeType,path, size,modified_date, doc_type );
document.setSelected( false );
dataList.add(document);
}
}
return dataList;
} 下面是获取视频文件的
/**
* 获取视频文件
* @return
*/
public List<Video> getVedioListData() {

List<Video> dataList = new ArrayList<Video>();
ContentResolver contentResolver = mContext.getContentResolver();
String[] columns = new String[] { MediaStore.Video.Media._ID,
MediaStore.Video.Media.MIME_TYPE, MediaStore.Video.Media.ALBUM,
MediaStore.Video.Media.ARTIST,
MediaStore.Video.Media.DISPLAY_NAME,
MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA, MediaStore.Video.Media.DURATION,
MediaStore.Video.Media.SIZE,
MediaStore.Video.Media.DATE_MODIFIED };
Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, columns, null,null, null);

int columnIndexOrThrow_ID = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media._ID);
int columnIndexOrThrow_ALBUM = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.ALBUM);
int columnIndexOrThrow_ARTIST = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.ARTIST);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DISPLAY_NAME = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.DISPLAY_NAME);
int columnIndexOrThrow_MIME_TYPE = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.MIME_TYPE);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DATA = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DURATION = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.DURATION);
int columnIndexOrThrow_SIZE = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.SIZE);
int columnIndexOrThrow_DATE_MODIFIED = cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(MediaStore.Video.Media.DATE_MODIFIED); // 创建时间，更改时间

BitmapFactory.Options options = new BitmapFactory.Options();
options.inDither = false;
options.inPreferredConfig = Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888;

if (cursor != null) {
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
int id = cursor.getInt( columnIndexOrThrow_ID );
String album = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_ALBUM);
String artist = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_ARTIST);
String displayName = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_DISPLAY_NAME);
String mimeType = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_MIME_TYPE);
String path = cursor.getString(columnIndexOrThrow_DATA);
long duration = cursor.getInt(columnIndexOrThrow_DURATION);
long size = cursor.getLong(columnIndexOrThrow_SIZE);
long modified_date = cursor.getLong(columnIndexOrThrow_DATE_MODIFIED);
// icon 视频缩略图
Bitmap bitmap = MediaStore.Video.Thumbnails.getThumbnail(contentResolver,id,Images.Thumbnails.MICRO_KIND, options);
Video video = new Video(id, displayName, album, artist, displayName, mimeType, path, size, duration,modified_date,bitmap, FileTypeConfig.VIO);
dataList.add(video);
}
}
return dataList;
}

音乐文件
4000
的获取URI：MediaStore.Audio.Media.getContentUri("external")；

如果各位有更好的方法或者说更改的优化，欢迎sao扰。

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