JSON Editor 中文文档
2015-08-28 13:27
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JSON Editor
JSON Editor 根据定义的JSON Schema 生成了一个Html 表单来对JSON进行编辑。它完整支持JSON Schema 的版本3和版本4,并且它集成了一些流行的CSS 框架,例如bootstrap, foundation, and jQueryUI等。
JSON Editor 生成的编辑器支持输入框、下拉框、等几乎所有的html5输入元素
点击这里查看官网在线示例: http://jeremydorn.com/json-editor/
点击下面链接进行下载
依赖项
JSON Editor 不需要任何的依赖,仅仅需要一个现代浏览器支持即可。已在chrome 和firefox 测试通过。可选的选项
下列内容不需要,但是如果配置的话,可以提升Json Editor 样式和可用性可兼容的JS模版年引擎 (例如 Mustache, Underscore, Hogan, Handlebars, Swig, Markup, or EJS)
一个兼容的CSS框架 (例如bootstrap 2/3, foundation 3/4/5, or jqueryui)
一个兼容的图标库(例如bootstrap 2/3 glyphicons, foundation icons 2/3, jqueryui, or font awesome 3/4)
SCEditor 一个所见即所得的html编辑工具
EpicEditor 一个支持Markdown的编辑器
Ace Editor 代码编辑器
Select2 一个好看的下拉框组件
使用方法
如果你学习Json Editor的用法,可以参看下面的例子基础用法 - http://rawgithub.com/jdorn/json-editor/master/examples/basic.html
高级用法 - http://rawgithub.com/jdorn/json-editor/master/examples/advanced.html
集成CSS框架的用法 - http://rawgithub.com/jdorn/json-editor/master/examples/css_integration.html
本文档包含了JSON Editor的详细的用法,如果你想获取更多的有用信息,请访问wiki
初始化
var element = document.getElementById('editor_holder'); var editor = new JSONEditor(element, options);
选项
Options 可以在全局统一设置,也可以在每个实例初始话的时候单独设置// 全局统一设置 JSONEditor.defaults.options.theme = 'bootstrap2'; // 实例初始化的时候设置 var editor = new JSONEditor(element, { //... theme: 'bootstrap2' });
下面是Json Editor 可用的一些选框
选项 | 描述 | 默认值 |
---|---|---|
ajax | 如果设置为 true, JSON Editor 将会用 $ref扩展的URL去加载一个ajax请求. | false |
disable_array_add | 如果设置 true, 数组对象将不显示增加按钮. | false |
disable_array_delete | 如果设置为 true, 数组对象将不显示删除按钮. | false |
disable_array_reorder | 如果设置为 true, 数组对象将不显示“向上”、“向下”移动按钮. | false |
disable_collapse | 如果设置为 true, 对象和数组不再显示“折叠”按钮. | false |
disable_edit_json | 如果设置为 true, 将隐藏 Edit JSON 按钮. | false |
disable_properties | 如果设置为 true, 将隐藏编辑属性按钮. | false |
form_name_root | 编辑器中输入框的name属性的开头部分,例如一个一个输入框的name 是 `root[person][name]` 其中 "root" 就是这个值. | root |
iconlib | 编辑器使用的图标库. 可以在 CSS Integration 节点查看更多信息. | null |
no_additional_properties | 如果设置为 true, 对象将只能包含被定义在 properties中属性,设置为false 时,当有一个额外的不在 properties的属性时,这个属性为自动附加到对象中去. | false |
refs | 包含Schema定义对象的一个URL. 它允许你事先定义好一个JSON Schema供其他地方调用. | {} |
required_by_default | If true, all schemas that don't explicitly set the requiredproperty will be required. | false |
keep_oneof_values | 如果设置为 true,当切换下拉框的时候它可以将 oneOf中的属性拷贝到对象中去. | true |
schema | 编辑器锁需要的JSON Schema . 目前支持 版本 3 和版本 4 | {} |
show_errors | 是否显示错误信息,可用的值有interaction, change, always, and never. | "interaction" |
startval | Seed the editor with an initial value. This should be valid against the editor's schema. | null |
template | 要使用的js 模板引擎. 在此节模板和变量有更多信息 . | default |
theme | CSS 框架名. | html |
ajax属性被设置为
true并且 JSON Editor 需要从扩展URL中获取数据, API中的一些方法不会马上被生效
请在调用代码前监听
ready事件
editor.on('ready',function() { // Now the api methods will be available editor.validate(); });
取值和赋值
editor.setValue({name: "John Smith"}); var value = editor.getValue(); console.log(value.name) // Will log "John Smith"
Instead of getting/setting the value of the entire editor, you can also work on individual parts of the schema:
// Get a reference to a node within the editor var name = editor.getEditor('root.name'); // `getEditor` will return null if the path is invalid if(name) { name.setValue("John Smith"); console.log(name.getValue()); }
验证
When feasible, JSON Editor won't let users enter invalid data. This is done byusing input masks and intelligently enabling/disabling controls.
However, in some cases it is still possible to enter data that doesn't validate against the schema.
You can use the
validatemethod to check if the data is valid or not.
// Validate the editor's current value against the schema var errors = editor.validate(); if(errors.length) { // errors is an array of objects, each with a `path`, `property`, and `message` parameter // `property` is the schema keyword that triggered the validation error (e.g. "minLength") // `path` is a dot separated path into the JSON object (e.g. "root.path.to.field") console.log(errors); } else { // It's valid! }
By default, this will do the validation with the editor's current value.
If you want to use a different value, you can pass it in as a parameter.
// Validate an arbitrary value against the editor's schema var errors = editor.validate({ value: { to: "test" } });
监听Change事件
Thechangeevent is fired whenever the editor's value changes.
editor.on('change',function() { // Do something }); editor.off('change',function_reference);
You can also watch a specific field for changes:
editor.watch('path.to.field',function() { // Do something }); editor.unwatch('path.to.field',function_reference);
禁用/可用编辑器
This lets you disable editing for the entire form or part of the form.// Disable entire form editor.disable(); // Disable part of the form editor.getEditor('root.location').disable(); // Enable entire form editor.enable(); // Enable part of the form editor.getEditor('root.location').enable(); // Check if form is currently enabled if(editor.isEnabled()) alert("It's editable!");
销毁
This removes the editor HTML from the DOM and frees up resources.editor.destroy();
集成CSS
JSON Editor 可以集成一些比较流行的CSS框架目前支持以下框架:
html (the default)
bootstrap2
bootstrap3
foundation3
foundation4
foundation5
jqueryui
默认皮肤是
html, 使用这个选项的时候,没有任何的class 和样式.
通过修改变量
JSONEditor.defaults.options.theme的值,可以改变默认的CSS 框架
JSONEditor.defaults.options.theme = 'foundation5';
你也可以在实例化的时候覆盖默认值,通过如下方式
var editor = new JSONEditor(element,{ schema: schema, theme: 'jqueryui' });
图标库
JSON Editor 支持流行的图标库.目前支持以下图标库:
bootstrap2 (glyphicons)
bootstrap3 (glyphicons)
foundation2
foundation3
jqueryui
fontawesome3
fontawesome4
默认情况下没有使用图标库,和设置CSS 皮肤一样,你可以全局设置或实例化的时候设置
// Set the global default JSONEditor.defaults.options.iconlib = "bootstrap2"; // Set the icon lib during initialization var editor = new JSONEditor(element,{ schema: schema, iconlib: "fontawesome4" });
你也可以创建你自己的自定义的皮肤或图标库,你可以参考一些示例。
JSON Schema Support
JSON Editor fully supports version 3 and 4 of the JSON Schema core and validation specifications.Some of The hyper-schema specification is supported as well.
$ref and definitions
JSON Editor supports schema references to external URLs and local definitions. Here's an example showing both:{ "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "title": "Full Name", "$ref": "#/definitions/name" }, "location": { "$ref": "http://mydomain.com/geo.json" } }, "definitions": { "name": { "type": "string", "minLength": 5 } } }
Local references must point to the
definitionsobject of the root node of the schema.
So,
#/customkey/namewill throw an exception.
If loading an external url via Ajax, the url must either be on the same domain or return the correct HTTP cross domain headers.
If your URLs don't meet this requirement, you can pass in the references to JSON Editor during initialization (see Usage section above).
Self-referential $refs are supported. Check out
examples/recursive.htmlfor usage examples.
hyper-schema links
Thelinkskeyword from the hyper-schema specification can be used to add links to related documents.
JSON Editor will use the
mediaTypeproperty of the links to determine how best to display them.
Image, audio, and video links will display the media inline as well as providing a text link.
Here are a couple examples:
Simple text link
{ "title": "Blog Post Id", "type": "integer", "links": [ { "rel": "comments", "href": "/posts/{{self}}/comments/" } ] }
Show a video preview (using HTML5 video)
{ "title": "Video filename", "type": "string", "links": [ { "href": "/videos/{{self}}.mp4", "mediaType": "video/mp4" } ] }
The
hrefproperty is a template that gets re-evaluated every time the value changes.
The variable
selfis always available. Look at the Dependencies section below for how to include other fields or use a custom template engine.
属性排序
There is no way to specify property ordering in JSON Schema (although this may change in v5 of the spec).JSON Editor introduces a new keyword
propertyOrderfor this purpose. The default property order if unspecified is 1000. Properties with the same order will use normal JSON key ordering.
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "prop1": { "type": "string" }, "prop2": { "type": "string", "propertyOrder": 10 }, "prop3": { "type": "string", "propertyOrder": 1001 }, "prop4": { "type": "string", "propertyOrder": 1 } } }
In the above example schema,
prop1does not have an order specified, so it will default to 1000.
So, the final order of properties in the form (and in returned JSON data) will be:
prop4 (order 1)
prop2 (order 10)
prop1 (order 1000)
prop3 (order 1001)
默认属性
The default behavior of JSON Editor is to include all object properties defined with thepropertieskeyword.
To override this behaviour, you can use the keyword
defaultPropertiesto set which ones are included:
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "name": {"type": "string"}, "age": {"type": "integer"} }, "defaultProperties": ["name"] }
Now, only the
nameproperty above will be included by default. You can use the "Object Properties" button
to add the "age" property back in.
格式化
JSON Editor supports many different formats for schemas of typestring. They will work with schemas of type
integerand
numberas well, but some formats may produce weird results.
If the
enumproperty is specified,
formatwill be ignored.
JSON Editor uses HTML5 input types, so some of these may render as basic text input in older browsers:
color
date
datetime
datetime-local
month
number
range
tel
text
textarea
time
url
week
下面是一个用format格式化生成一个选择颜色控件的例子
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "color": { "type": "string", "format": "color" } } }
一个特殊的字符串编辑器
In addition to the standard HTML input formats, JSON Editor can also integrate with several 3rd party specialized editors. These libraries are not included in JSON Editor and you must load them on the page yourself.SCEditor provides WYSIWYG editing of HTML and BBCode. To use it, set the format to
htmlor
bbcodeand set the
wysiwygoption to
true:
{ "type": "string", "format": "html", "options": { "wysiwyg": true } }
You can configure SCEditor by setting configuration options in
JSONEditor.plugins.sceditor. Here's an example:
JSONEditor.plugins.sceditor.emoticonsEnabled = false;
EpicEditor is a simple Markdown editor with live preview. To use it, set the format to
markdown:
{ "type": "string", "format": "markdown" }
You can configure EpicEditor by setting configuration options in
JSONEditor.plugins.epiceditor. Here's an example:
JSONEditor.plugins.epiceditor.basePath = 'epiceditor';
Ace Editor is a syntax highlighting source code editor. You can use it by setting the format to any of the following:
actionscript
batchfile
c
c++
cpp (alias for c++)
coffee
csharp
css
dart
django
ejs
erlang
golang
handlebars
haskell
haxe
html
ini
jade
java
javascript
json
less
lisp
lua
makefile
markdown
matlab
mysql
objectivec
pascal
perl
pgsql
php
python
r
ruby
sass
scala
scss
smarty
sql
stylus
svg
twig
vbscript
xml
yaml
{ "type": "string", "format": "yaml" }
You can use the hyper-schema keyword
mediainstead of
formattoo if you prefer for formats with a mime type:
{ "type": "string", "media": { "type": "text/html" } }
You can override the default Ace theme by setting the
JSONEditor.plugins.ace.themevariable.
JSONEditor.plugins.ace.theme = 'twilight';
布尔类型
默认的布尔类型编辑器是一个包含true,false的下拉框,如果设置format=checkbox那么将以勾选框的形式展示
{ "type": "boolean", "format": "checkbox" }
数组类型
默认的数组编辑器会占用比较大的屏幕空间. 使用tableand
tabs格式选项可以可以将界面变得紧凑些
table选项在数组的结构相同并且不复杂的时候用起来会比较好
tabs选项可以针对任何数组, 但是每次只能显示数组中的一项. 在每个数组项的左边会有一个页签开关.
下面是一个
table选项的例子:
{ "type": "array", "format": "table", "items": { "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" } } } }
对于数组中的枚举字符串,你可以使用
selector
checkbox选项,这两个选项需要一个类似如下的特殊结构才能工作
{ "type": "array", "uniqueItems": true, "items": { "type": "string", "enum": ["value1","value2"] } }
默认情况下(不设置format的情况),如果枚举的选项少于8个的时候,将会启用
checkbox编辑器,否则的话会启用select 编辑器
你可以通过下面的代码的方式来覆盖默认项
{ "type": "array", "format": "select", "uniqueItems": true, "items": { "type": "string", "enum": ["value1","value2"] } }
对象
默认情况下对象每个子对象会布局一行,format=grid的时候,每行可以放多个子对象编辑器
This can make the editor much more compact, but at a cost of not guaranteeing child editor order.
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" } }, "format": "grid" }
编辑器选项
Editors can accept options which alter the behavior in some way.collapsed- 折叠
disable_array_add- 禁用增加按钮
disable_array_delete- 禁用删除按钮
disable_array_reorder- 禁用移动on个按钮
disable_collapse- 禁用折叠
disable_edit_json- 禁用JSON编辑按钮
disable_properties- 禁用属性按钮
enum_titles- 枚举标题,对应
enum属性。当使用select 的时候,将显示enum_titles的内容,但是值还是来自enum
expand_height- If set to true, the input will auto expand/contract to fit the content. Works best with textareas.
grid_columns- Explicitly set the number of grid columns (1-12) for the editor if it's within an object using a grid layout.
hidden- 编辑器是否隐藏
input_height- 编辑器的高度
input_width- 编辑器的宽度
remove_empty_properties- 移除空的对象属性
{ "type": "object", "options": { "collapsed": true }, "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" } } }
You can globally set the default options too if you want:
JSONEditor.defaults.editors.object.options.collapsed = true;
依赖
有的时候,一个字段的值依赖于另外一个字段,这是不可避免年遇到的问题JSON Schema中
dependencies选项 不能足够灵活的处理一些实例,因此 JSON Editor 引入了一个复合的自定义关键词来解决这个问题
第一步,修改Schema增加一个watch 属性
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "first_name": { "type": "string" }, "last_name": { "type": "string" }, "full_name": { "type": "string", "watch": { "fname": "first_name", "lname": "last_name" } } } }
关键词
watch告诉JSON Editor 哪个字段被更改了
关键词 (
fnameand
lname例子中) 是这个属性的别名
两个属性的值 (
first_nameand
last_name) 是一个属性的路径.(例如 "path.to.field").
默认路径是来从架构的根开始,但是你可以在架构中年创建一个id属性作为锚点,来创建一个相对路径.这在数组中相当的有用.
下面是一个例子
{ "type": "array", "items": { "type": "object", "id": "arr_item", "properties": { "first_name": { "type": "string" }, "last_name": { "type": "string" }, "full_name": { "type": "string", "watch": { "fname": "arr_item.first_name", "lname": "arr_item.last_name" } } } } }
那现在
full_name在每个数组元素中将被
first_nameand
last_name两个字段监控
模板
监控字段并不能做任何事情。拿上面的例子来说,你还需要告诉编辑器,full_name的内容可能是类似这样的格式
fname [space] lname
编辑器使用了一个js模版引擎去实现它。
默认编辑器包含了一个简单的模板引擎,它仅仅只能替换类似
{{variable}}这样的模板。你可以通过配置来是编辑器支持其他的一些比较流行的模版引擎。
目前支持的模板引擎有
ejs
handlebars
hogan
markup
mustache
swig
underscore
你可以通过修改默认的配置项
JSONEditor.defaults.options.template来支持模板引擎,如下
JSONEditor.defaults.options.template = 'handlebars';
你也可以在实例初始化的时候来设置
var editor = new JSONEditor(element,{ schema: schema, template: 'hogan' });
这里有一个使用了模板引擎的完整的
full_name的例子,供参考
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "first_name": { "type": "string" }, "last_name": { "type": "string" }, "full_name": { "type": "string", "template": "{{fname}} {{lname}}", "watch": { "fname": "first_name", "lname": "last_name" } } } }
枚举值
另外一个常见的情况就是其他的字段的值依赖于下拉菜单的值参考下面的例子{ "type": "object", "properties": { "possible_colors": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "string" } }, "primary_color": { "type": "string" } } }
让我来告诉你,你想强制
primary_color为一个
possible_colors数组中的一个。
首先,我们必须告诉
primary_color字段监控
possible_colors数组
{ "primary_color": { "type": "string", "watch": { "colors": "possible_colors" } } }
接下来,我们使用一个特殊的关键词
enumSource去告诉编辑器,我们想使用这个字段去填充下拉框
{ "primary_color": { "type": "string", "watch": { "colors": "possible_colors" }, "enumSource": "colors" } }
那么一旦
possible_colors数组的值发生变化,下拉菜单的值将被改变
这是
enumSource的最基本的用法。
这个属性支持更多的动作,例如 filtering, pulling from multiple sources, constant values 等等。
这里有一个复杂的例子,它使用swig模板引擎的语法去显示高级特性
{ // An array of sources "enumSource": [ // Constant values ["none"], { // A watched field source "source": "colors", // Use a subset of the array "slice": [2,5], // Filter items with a template (if this renders to an empty string, it won't be included) "filter": "{% if item !== 'black' %}1{% endif %}", // Specify the display text for the enum option "title": "{{item|upper}}", // Specify the value property for the enum option "value": "{{item|trim}}" }, // Another constant value at the end of the list ["transparent"] ] }
你也可以使用如下语法去实现一个特殊的一个静态列表。
{ "enumSource": [{ // A watched field source "source": [ { "value": 1, "title": "One" }, { "value": 2, "title": "Two" } ], "title": "{{item.title}}", "value": "{{item.value}}" }] ] }
这个例子直接使用了一个字符串数组。使用表单动作,你也可以将它构造成一个对象的数组,例如
{ "type": "object", "properties": { "possible_colors": { "type": "array", "items": { "type": "object", "properties": { "text": { "type": "string" } } } }, "primary_color": { "type": "string", "watch": { "colors": "possible_colors" }, "enumSource": [{ "source": "colors", "value": "{{item.text}}" }] } } }
在这个动作表单中,所有的模板选项都有一个item 和i 属性。
item 指代的是数组元素
i 是一个从0开始的序号
动态标题
Thetitlekeyword of a schema is used to add user friendly headers to the editing UI. Sometimes though, dynamic headers, which change based on other fields, are helpful.
Consider the example of an array of children. Without dynamic headers, the UI for the array elements would show
Child 1,
Child 2, etc..
It would be much nicer if the headers could be dynamic and incorporate information about the children, such as
1 - John (age 9),
2 - Sarah (age 11).
To accomplish this, use the
headerTemplateproperty. All of the watched variables are passed into this template, along with the static title
title(e.g. "Child"), the 0-based index
i0(e.g. "0" and "1"), the 1-based index
i1, and the field's value
self(e.g.
{"name": "John", "age": 9}).
{ "type": "array", "title": "Children", "items": { "type": "object", "title": "Child", "headerTemplate": "{{ i1 }} - {{ self.name }} (age {{ self.age }})", "properties": { "name": { "type": "string" }, "age": { "type": "integer" } } } }
Custom Template Engines
If one of the included template engines isn't sufficient,you can use any custom template engine with a
compilemethod. For example:
var myengine = { compile: function(template) { // Compile should return a render function return function(vars) { // A real template engine would render the template here var result = template; return result; } } }; // Set globally JSONEditor.defaults.options.template = myengine; // Set on a per-instance basis var editor = new JSONEditor(element,{ schema: schema, template: myengine });
Language and String Customization
JSON Editor uses a translate function to generate strings in the UI. A defaultenlanguage mapping is provided.
You can easily override individual translations in the default language or create your own language mapping entirely.
// Override a specific translation JSONEditor.defaults.languages.en.error_minLength = "This better be at least {{0}} characters long or else!"; // Create your own language mapping // Any keys not defined here will fall back to the "en" language JSONEditor.defaults.languages.es = { error_notset: "propiedad debe existir" };
By default, all instances of JSON Editor will use the
enlanguage. To override this default, set the
JSONEditor.defaults.languageproperty.
JSONEditor.defaults.language = "es";
Custom Editor Interfaces
JSON Editor contains editor interfaces for each of the primitive JSON types as well as a few other specialized ones.You can add custom editors interfaces fairly easily. Look at any of the existing ones for an example.
JSON Editor uses resolver functions to determine which editor interface to use for a particular schema or subschema.
Let's say you make a custom
locationeditor for editing geo data. You can add a resolver function to use this custom editor when appropriate. For example:
// Add a resolver function to the beginning of the resolver list // This will make it run before any other ones JSONEditor.defaults.resolvers.unshift(function(schema) { if(schema.type === "object" && schema.format === "location") { return "location"; } // If no valid editor is returned, the next resolver function will be used });
The following schema will now use this custom editor for each of the array elements instead of the default
objecteditor.
{ "type": "array", "items": { "type": "object", "format": "location", "properties": { "longitude": { "type": "number" }, "latitude": { "type": "number" } } } }
如果你创建了一个对其他人有用的自定义的编辑器,请提交并分享它给别人!
可能性是无穷无尽的。下面有一些好的些想法:
用一个紧凑的方式去编辑
下拉框用单选按钮来实现
字符串的自动提示,类似枚举但是并不局限于枚举
字符串数组使用tag 方式来实现会更好些
基于Canvas的图片编辑器等
自定义验证
// 如果验证通过返回一个空的数组,验证不通过则需要返回错误信息 JSONEditor.defaults.custom_validators.push(function(schema, value, path) { var errors = []; if(schema.format==="date") { if(!/^[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2}$/.test(value)) { // Errors must be an object with `path`, `property`, and `message` errors.push({ path: path, property: 'format', message: 'Dates must be in the format "YYYY-MM-DD"' }); } } return errors; });
集成jQuery
当jquery 加载到页面的时候,你可以用jquery 的方式去加载插件,如下$("#editor_holder") .jsoneditor({ schema: {}, theme: 'bootstrap3' }) .on('ready', function() { // Get the value var value = $(this).jsoneditor('value'); value.name = "John Smith"; // Set the value $(this).jsoneditor('value',value); });
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