keepalived+mysql双主实现数据库冗余

keepalived+mysql双主实现数据库冗余

主1：172.16.114.15
主2：172.16.114.16

一、安装mysql,并设置主服务器

1、将下面的代码复制到一个后缀为.sh的shell脚本文件中(脚本很容易看懂）

# vi /etc/scripts/mysql.sh

##/bin/bash

rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
yum -y install mysql mysql-server mysql-devel

#定义一个数值mysql（需要同步的具体某个数据库，需要同步所有数据库，就将这段以及后面有关代码删掉即可）
echo "Enter the Sync database"
read mysql

cat > /etc/my.cnf <<Eof

#做一些数据库优化
[mysql]

# CLIENT #
port = 3306
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

# GENERAL #
user = mysql
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
pid-file = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.pid

# MyISAM #
key-buffer-size = 32M
myisam-recover = FORCE,BACKUP

# SAFETY #
max-allowed-packet = 16M
max-connect-errors = 1000000

# DATA STORAGE #
datadir = /var/lib/mysql/

# BINARY LOGGING #
log-bin = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
expire-logs-days = 14
sync-binlog = 1

# REPLICATION #
relay-log = /var/lib/mysql/relay-bin
slave-net-timeout = 60

# CACHES AND LIMITS #
tmp-table-size = 32M
max-heap-table-size = 32M
query-cache-type = 0
query-cache-size = 0
max-connections = 500
thread-cache-size = 50
open-files-limit = 65535
table-definition-cache = 4096
table-open-cache = 4096

# INNODB #
innodb-flush-method = O_DIRECT
innodb-log-files-in-group = 2
innodb-log-file-size = 128M
innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 2
innodb-file-per-table = 1
innodb-buffer-pool-size = 2G

# LOGGING #
log-error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-error.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
slow-query-log = 1
slow-query-log-file = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-slow.log

srver-id = 1 #主1设置为1，主2设置为2

#需要同步整个数据库就将下面两段代码删掉

binlog-do-db = $mysql
replicate-do-db = $mysql

log-bin=mysql-bin #要开起二进制日志
log-slave-updates #同步更新

Eof

service mysqld restart
chkconfig mysqld on

2、添加脚本执行权限

# chmod /etc/scripts/mysql.sh

3、授权mysql允许其同步数据库的帐号

（1）在两台机上开启slave复制

mysql> flush tables;
mysql> show master status\G;
***************************1. row ***************************
File: mysql-bin.000002
Position: 106
Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql> slave stop
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected(0.00 sec)

mysql> CHANGE MASTER TOMASTER_HOST='172.16.114.16',MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_USER='loyu', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456', MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000002',MASTER_LOG_POS=106;
# 在主2只需修改（地址指向主1） MASTER_HOST='172.16.114.15
Query OK, 0 rows affected(0.03 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected(0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;
***************************1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send event
Master_Host: 172.16.114.16
Master_User: loyu
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 10
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 106
Relay_Log_File:mysqld-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 251
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000002
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
....

（2）测试

主1： 在主1上创建数据库
mysql> create databaseliuyuqing;
Query OK, 1 row affected(0.01 sec)

mysql> use liuyuqing;
Database changed
mysql> create tableloyu(number int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected(0.02 sec)

mysql> insert into loyuvalues(1011);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
在主2上查看复制情况
（可以看到数据库已经同步成功）



主2： 在第主2上创建数据库



在主1上查看数据库复制情况 （可以看到数据也是同步过来的）





二、安装keepalived


1、将如下代码复制到后缀名为.sh的shell脚本文件

# vi /etc/scripts/keepalived.sh

##!/bin/bash

yum install keepalived -y

#定义keepalived的虚拟IP
echo "VIP:"
read VIP

#定义主服务器，还是备份服务器
echo "MASTER OR BACKUP:"
read state

#定义优先级
echo "priority: (MASTER:100 BACKUP:99)"
read priority

#定义虚拟路由id，主备要一样
echo "virtual_router_id:"
read virtual_router_id

cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<Eof
#! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
#router_id mysql-ha1 #修改为自己的主机名
}
vrrp_script chk_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/chk_slave.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state $state #都修改成BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id $virtual_router_id #默认51 主从都修改为60
priority $priority #在mysql-ha2上LVS上修改成80
advert_int 1
# nopreempt #不抢占资源，意思就是它活了之后也不会再把主抢回来
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_haproxy
}
virtual_ipaddress {
$VIP
}
}
Eof

# 检查数据库服务状态，一旦服务停止，keepalived也停止

echo "Enter the database password"
read password

cat /etc/keepalived/check_slave.sh <<Eof
##/bin/bash
Mysql=$(mysql -uroot -p$password -N -s -e "select 10")
if [ $? -ne 0 ] || [ "$Mysql" -ne "10" ];then
service keepalived stop
exit 1
else
SlaveStatus=($(mysql -uroot -p$password -e "show slave status\G;"|grep "_Running"|awk '{print $NF}'))
if [ "$SlaveStatus[0]" = "No" ] || [ "${SlaveStatus[1]}" = "No" ];then
service keepalived stop
fi
fi
Eof

2、添加脚本执行权限# chmod /etc/scripts/keepalived.sh三、接下来就可以用自己定义的VIP来访问数据库了