C#中配置文件的使用

1. 向项目添加app.config文件： 右击项目名称，选择“添加”→“添加新建项”，在出现的“添加新项”对话框中，选择“添加应用程序配置文件”；如果项目以前没有配置文件，则默认的文件名称为“app.config”，单击“确定”。出现在设计器视图中的app.config文件为：

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<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="utf-8" ?>

<configuration>

</configuration>

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<!--数据库连接串-->

<connectionStrings>

<clear />

<addname="conJxcBook"

connectionString="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=jxcbook;User ID=sa;password=********"

providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />

</connectionStrings>

<!--数据库连接串-->
<connectionStrings>
<clear />
<addname="conJxcBook"
connectionString="Data Source=localhost;Initial Catalog=jxcbook;User                                   ID=sa;password=********"
providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
</connectionStrings>

3. appSettings配置节： appSettings配置节为整个程序的配置，如果是对当前用户的配置，请使用userSettings配置节，其格式与以下配置书写要求一样。

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<!--进销存管理系统初始化需要的参数-->

<appSettings>

<clear />

<add key="userName" value="" />

<add key="password" value="" />

<add key="Department" value="" />

<add key="returnValue" value="" />

<add key="pwdPattern" value="" />

<add key="userPattern" value="" />

</appSettings>

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///<summary>

///依据连接串名字connectionName返回数据连接字符串

///</summary>

///<param name="connectionName"></param>

///<returns></returns>

private static string GetConnectionStringsConfig(string connectionName)

{

string connectionString =

ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[connectionName].ConnectionString.ToString();

Console.WriteLine(connectionString);

return connectionString;

}

///<summary>
///依据连接串名字connectionName返回数据连接字符串
///</summary>
///<param name="connectionName"></param>
///<returns></returns>
private static string GetConnectionStringsConfig(string connectionName)
{
string connectionString =
ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[connectionName].ConnectionString.ToString();
Console.WriteLine(connectionString);
return connectionString;
}

4.2 更新connectionStrings配置节

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///<summary>

///更新连接字符串

///</summary>

///<param name="newName">连接字符串名称</param>

///<param name="newConString">连接字符串内容</param>

///<param name="newProviderName">数据提供程序名称</param>

private static void UpdateConnectionStringsConfig(string newName,

string newConString,

string newProviderName)

{

bool isModified = false; //记录该连接串是否已经存在

//如果要更改的连接串已经存在

if (ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[newName] != null)

{

isModified = true;

}

//新建一个连接字符串实例

ConnectionStringSettings mySettings =

new ConnectionStringSettings(newName, newConString, newProviderName);

// 打开可执行的配置文件*.exe.config

Configuration config =

ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

// 如果连接串已存在，首先删除它

if (isModified)

{

config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Remove(newName);

}

// 将新的连接串添加到配置文件中.

config.ConnectionStrings.ConnectionStrings.Add(mySettings);

// 保存对配置文件所作的更改

config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

// 强制重新载入配置文件的ConnectionStrings配置节

ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("ConnectionStrings");

}

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///<summary>

///返回＊.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节的value项

///</summary>

///<param name="strKey"></param>

///<returns></returns>

private static string GetAppConfig(string strKey)

{

foreach (string key in ConfigurationManager.AppSettings)

{

if (key == strKey)

{

return ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[strKey];

}

}

return null;

}

///<summary>
///返回＊.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节的value项
///</summary>
///<param name="strKey"></param>
///<returns></returns>
private static string GetAppConfig(string strKey)
{
foreach (string key in ConfigurationManager.AppSettings)
{
if (key == strKey)
{
return ConfigurationManager.AppSettings[strKey];
}
}
return null;
}

4.4 更新connectionStrings配置节

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///<summary>

///在＊.exe.config文件中appSettings配置节增加一对键、值对

///</summary>

///<param name="newKey"></param>

///<param name="newValue"></param>

private static void UpdateAppConfig(string newKey, string newValue)

{

bool isModified = false;

foreach (string key in ConfigurationManager.AppSettings)

{

if(key==newKey)

{

isModified = true;

}

}

// Open App.Config of executable

Configuration config =

ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);

// You need to remove the old settings object before you can replace it

if (isModified)

{

config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove(newKey);

}

// Add an Application Setting.

config.AppSettings.Settings.Add(newKey,newValue);

// Save the changes in App.config file.

config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified);

// Force a reload of a changed section.

ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings");

}

多层次configSections

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<configuration>

<configSections>

<section name="student" type="System.Configuration.DictionarySectionHandler"/>

</configSections>

<student>

<add key="name" value="http://www.cnblogs.com/i80386/archive/2011/10/27/amily"/>

<add key="age" value="http://www.cnblogs.com/i80386/archive/2011/10/27/15"/>

<add key="sex" value="http://www.cnblogs.com/i80386/archive/2011/10/27/female"/>

</student>

</configuration>

注意事项：configSections 相当于定义变量，必须放在configuration

下面是个例子

IDictionary istudent = (IDictionary)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("student");

string[] keys=new string[istudent.Keys.Count];

string[] values = new string[istudent.Keys.Count];

istudent.Keys.CopyTo(keys,0);

istudent.Values.CopyTo(values, 0);

foreach (var key in keys){

Console.WriteLine(key);

}

foreach (var value in values) {

Console.WriteLine(value);

}

foreach (var key in istudent.Keys){

Console.WriteLine("{0}:{1}", key, istudent[key]);

}